Knock in dual-fuel diesel combustion with an E85 ethanol/gasoline blend by multi-dimensional simulation

In this paper, knocking combustion in dual-fuel diesel engine is modeled and investigated using the CFD code coupled with detailed chemical kinetics. The ethanol/gasoline blend E85 is used as the primary fuel in a dual-fuel combustion concept based on a light-duty diesel engine equipped with a common-rail injection system. The E85 blend is injected and well mixed with intake air in the intake manifold and is ignited by the direct injection diesel fuel. A 46-species, 187-reaction Multicomponent mechanism is adopted to model the auto-ignition process of the E85/air/diesel mixture ahead of the flame front. Based on the model validation, knocking combustion under boost and full load operating condition for 0 %, 20 %, 50 %, as well as 70 % E85 substitute energy is simulated. The effects of E85 substitute rate and two stage injection strategies on knock intensity, power output, as well as location of the auto-ignition initiation is clearly reproduced by the model. The calculation result shows that, for a high E85 rate of 50 % and 70 % with single injection strategies, the most serious knock and the origin of auto-ignition always occurs far away from where the flame of diesel spray is first generated, at the center of combustion chamber, due to higher pressure wave, relatively richer E85 mixture and longer distances of flame propagation. The two stage injection strategies with a small amount of diesel pilot injection ahead of the main injection primarily influence the ignition behavior of the directly injected fuel, leads to a lower pressure rise rate and a reduced propagation distance, both of which contribute to the attenuation of knock intensity for a higher E85 rate.     

A new self-localization method for wireless sensor networks

Many applications of wireless sensor networks can benefit from fine-grained localization. In this paper, we proposed an accurate, distributed localization method based on the time difference between radio signal and sound wave. In a trilateration, each node adaptively chooses a neighborhood of sensors and updates its position estimate with trilateration, and then passes this update to neighboring sensors. Application examples demonstrate that the proposed method is more robust and accurate in localizing node than the previous proposals and it can achieve comparable results using much fewer anchor nodes than the previous methods.     

新型抗ErbB2、抗CD16三价双特异性抗体的构建及功能鉴定

目的构建一种新型三价抗ErbB2、抗CD16 BsAb。方法构建重组载体pET22b( )/BsAb;转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),获得重组蛋白的表达,通过包涵体复性纯化蛋白。应用悬浮培养系统扩增稳定表达抗人CD16 scFv-Fc融合蛋白的CHO细胞株(CG5细胞)和稳定表达抗人ErbB2 scFv-Fc融合蛋白的CHO细胞株(HG2细胞),通过rProtein A Sepharose Fast Flow亲和层析柱纯化融合蛋白,应用流式细胞术分析BsAb的结合能力。结果该BsAb可在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中以包涵体形式高效表达,通过对重组蛋白的复性可获得高纯度的蛋白;复性后的BsAb具有与其亲本抗体相似性的结合靶抗原的能力。结论新型三价抗ErbB2、抗CD16 BsAb能与高表达ErbB2的乳腺癌细胞系SKBR3细胞高亲和力结合和表达CD16的人外周血单个核细胞低亲和力结合。     

二甲双胍和罗格列酮对单纯性肥胖症患者胰岛素抵抗和β细胞功能的影响

目的观察二甲双胍和罗格列酮对单纯性肥胖症患者胰岛素抵抗与β细胞功能的治疗效果。方法将40例单纯性肥胖症伴高血压、高甘油三酯血症、高胰岛素血症而糖耐量正常的患者分成二甲双胍和罗格列酮联合治疗组(治疗组)和二甲双胍治疗组(对照组),治疗6月,观察治疗前后患者血压、血脂、体重指数(BMI)及胰岛素水平变化。结果二甲双胍和罗格列酮对伴胰岛素抵抗的高血压、高甘油三酯血症患者具有明显的降压、降脂作用,患者的BMI、空腹胰岛素水平明显下降,服糖后胰岛素也改变明显(P<0.05);而二甲双胍治疗组虽然血压、甘油三酯和BMI也有所下降(P<0.05),但空腹胰岛素和服糖后胰岛素改变不及二甲双胍和罗格列酮联合治疗组明显(P<0.05)。结论二甲双胍和罗格列酮可增加伴胰岛素抵抗的高血压、高甘油三酯血症的单纯性肥胖症患者的胰岛素敏感性,恢复β细胞功能;二甲双胍和罗格列酮联合对单纯性肥胖症患者有明显的治疗作用。     

地铁车站与周边开发共建的差异沉降控制分析

阐述了地铁设施变形控制标准及共建建筑的差异沉降机理和规律。介绍了沉降计算方法和控制差异沉降的设计方法。结合上海轨道交通某地下车站与大型地下室共建、实施一体化设计施工的工程实践来探讨地铁车站与开发地块建筑共建的差异沉降控制技术。研究表明,选择合理的沉降计算方法及参数对工程差异沉降进行预估分析,并根据分析结果在设计上采取相应的技术措施,可将综合工程对地铁车站产生的差异沉降影响控制在地铁设施保护要求范围之内。     

地质法在隧道超前地质预报中的作用探讨

当前隧道超前地质实际预报中只注重物探仪器的应用,忽略地质方法的作用,从而导致预报精度不高,坚持以地质法为基础、以物探为手段的综合超前预报可以大大提高预报精度。文章首先介绍了超前地质预报的任务和地质法的内容;然后研究了物探法的缺陷,并对地质法在超前预报中的作用进行了分析;最后,确定地质法对物探法的指导作用,是超前预报的基础和核心,是提高超前地质预报水平的重要保证。     

高职高专轨道交通类专业的办学模式探讨

高职高专轨道交通类专业的专业性较强,就业面较窄,对毕业生身体素质与心理素质要求较高,毕业生的就业压力较大,严重制约了开办相应专业的院校的办学规模和专业建设.校企合作联办"订单班",确定岗位标准和培养目标,确定班别和学生,确定验收标准,是此类专业办学的一种途径与方式,有利于出好人才、快出人才.     

基于实战化扫雷武器系统试验技术研究

主要对扫雷武器系统实战化试验中的关键问题进行了分析,对舰船扫雷和直升机扫雷试验关键技术进行了分析和探讨。可推广应用于水雷装备实战化考核,为构建适应水中兵器实战化考核体系统提供依据。     

色彩情感与客车内饰设计

简述色彩情感产生的原因以及色彩情感在客车内饰设计中的应用。     

模型隧道新型浆液抗浮试验研究

盾构法隧道掘进施工时同步注浆浆液的各项物理力学指标对隧道抗浮稳定性的关系密切,该文通过室内材料试验和力学试验及模型隧道抗浮试验,在取得与隧道上浮稳定相关的试验数据的基础上,研究了隧道结构同步注浆材料特性和隧道抗浮稳定性的变化规律,为进一步研究实际隧道掘进施工时的稳定性,隧道衬砌结构设计的合理性,以及优化隧道掘进施工参数提供了依据。