东海涌浪环境下大型起重船吊装组块耦合运动响应数值模拟研究

我国东海海洋环境复杂,经常出现小波高、长周期的涌浪.长周期涌对系泊大型起重船吊装海洋平台上部组块影响比较大,尽管涌的波高较小,但是,吊物组块运动幅度明显比同等波高海况时的要大,严重影响了海洋平台的安装施工效率和进度,甚至威胁作业安全.本文采用水动力势流软件,建立系泊-大型起重船(包括吊臂)-索具-大型组块吊物的耦合运动模型,研究复杂涌浪环境下耦合系统运动响应特性及其机理,并开展了参数敏感性分析,讨论对耦合响应影响因素.最后,对东海涌浪情况下起重安装施工,提出了降低吊装组块运动响应的建议措施.     

An activity-based approach of investigating travel behaviour of older people

The paper presents the results of an investigation on daily activity-travel scheduling behaviour of older people by using an advanced econometric model and a household travel survey, collected in the National Capital Region (NCR) of Canada in 2011. The activity-travel scheduling model considers a dynamic time–space constrained scheduling process. The key contribution of the paper is to reveal daily activity-travel scheduling behaviour through a comprehensive econometric framework. The resulting empirical model reveals many behavioural details. These include the role that income plays in moderating out-of-home time expenditure choices of older people. Older people in the highest and lowest income categories tend to have lower variations in time expenditure choices than those in middle-income categories. Overall, the time expenditure choices become more stable with increasing age, indicating that longer activity durations and lower activity frequency become more prevalent with increasing age. Daily activity type and location choices reveal a clear random utility-maximizing rational behaviour of older people. It is clear that increasing spatial accessibility to various activity locations is a crucial factor in defining daily out-of-home activity participation of older people. It is also clear that the diversity of out-of-home activity type choices reduces with increasing age and older people are more sensitive to auto travel time than to transit or non-motorized travel time.     

兰郑长成品油管道减少混油的方法

针对兰郑长成品油管道在顺序输送过程产生大量混油的问题,文中从初始混油、沿程混油、黏度、停输界面、不满流等方面分析混油形成原因,并结合兰郑长成品油管道实际运行情况,从4个方面进行具体分析,最后提出减少停输时间、增大输量、合理安排顺序输送次序、切外输前避免切罐操作等解决措施。     

舰载直升机应召搜索时使用特种浮标问题研究

在使用声纳浮标搜索时,水声环境对搜索效能影响很大,通过布设特种浮标可以测得当面海区水声环境,确定浮标工作深度和作用距离。分析了舰载直升机布设特种浮标的方法和布设模型,针对布设时存在的问题提出了改进对策,为舰载直升机应召搜索时使用特种浮标提供参考。     

陆军航空兵部队作战指挥能力灰色评估模型研究

通过分析陆军航空兵部队指挥机构的作战指挥活动,构建了陆军航空兵部队作战指挥能力评估指标体系;采用灰色理论和两两比较原理相结合的方法,建立了陆军航空兵部队作战指挥能力评估模型;针对某陆军航空兵部队进行了算例分析,证明了该模型的有效性和可行性。     

快速卡尔曼滤波算法在目标跟踪中的应用

介绍一种快速卡尔曼滤波算法,对于一般的递归最小二乘自适应算法(RLS算法)来说有着更快的计算速度,同最小均方自适应算法(LMS算法)相比计算量差不多,该算法用统计模型(时间序列)来代替状态方程,大大减少了算法的复杂度,在速度估计的时候采用时间序列模型方法进行速度估计,通过Matlab仿真,证明在一定情况下此方法有效、可行。     

混响室场均匀性数值仿真与验证

建立了一个实际混响室的三维电磁模型,采用有限元数值方法对混响室内的电磁场分布进行了求解,并运用统计方法对电磁场数据进行处理,获取了相关系数和标准偏差等场均匀性统计信息.搅拌器是影响混响室场均匀性参数的重要部件,本文对于不同几何外形、回转半径和数量的搅拌器的混响室电磁场分布进行了数字仿真,并对比分析了搅拌器参数对于相关系数和标准偏差等统计信息的影响效果.为了验证仿真结果的准确性,本文将数值仿真结果与实际混响室的测试数据进行了对比,包括电磁场分布和场均匀性统计参数两方面,发现二者比较一致,仿真计算准确度高.     

建码头要不要建压载水（灭活）设施？有说法

最近一个时期以来,在港口码头的建设中,有的专家和主管部门,要求码头业主要建设接收和处理船舶压载水（灭活）设施,如洋山深水港区三期、湛江港化学品码头工程等。各方面意见不一致,建码头要不要建压载水（灭活）设施？     

无线通信在港口起重机的应用现状及前景

无线通信越来越多地进入到自动控制领域。着重分析了目前港口机械中无线通信网络使用情况,并根据目前所流行的无线通信技术介绍了未来港口设备中无线网络的发展方向。     

Water entry of a bow-flare ship section with roll angle

The two-dimensional water entry of a bow-flare ship section with constant roll angle, or heel angle, was studied by using a boundary element method. The fully nonlinear free surface conditions and exact body boundary conditions were satisfied. Nonviscous flow separation from the knuckles of the section or from the curved bottom could be simulated. The numerical calculations were compared with existing experimental results. First, the effects of roll angle were investigated and then the characteristics associated with large roll angles were examined in particular. The evolution of the free surfaces and the pressure distributions on the section surface are illustrated and the influence of nonviscous flow separation from the leeward section surface is discussed.