杭州市交通状况及车联网市场前景的调研与分析

作为物联网在交通领域的应用,车联网可有效缓解当前的城市交通问题.为更好地把握车联网的市场前景,2012年底在杭州市开展了一次大规模随机抽样调查活动,在汽车4S店、二手车市场、高校、政府机关和企业内随机发放问卷共800份.根据对问卷结果的统计分析,绝大部分驾驶员对杭城交通状况十分不满意,造成交通问题的主因是车辆增长过快,大多数驾驶员对车联网应用及相关产品十分感兴趣,并愿意为之支付一定费用.由此可以推断车联网市场前景非常广阔.     

ABS最佳滑移率控制算法的增益修正研究

针对汽车ABS最佳滑移率控制中的控制结果最优化问题,提出了在控制算法中添加增益环节以进行修正的新方法:通过在实际滑移率和轮缸压力控制输出环节中引入增益系数,并采用响应面方法拟合增益系数和制动距离之间的定量关系,从而求出增益系数的最佳值,使系统滑移率控制的迟滞现象得到有效缓解.在MATLAB/Simulink环境下建立了相应的仿真模型,并以富康988EXC1型轿车为例,验证了所提方法的有效性.     

浅谈热压式沥青混凝土路面

热压式沥青混凝土路面(Hot Rolled Asphalt Pavement,HRA)作为一种独特的沥青混凝土路面形式,在英国得到了广泛的应用.分析了热压式沥青混凝土路面的结构形式及路用性能特点,简要叙述了HRA的类型和级配设计,并对其施工工艺做了简单的介绍.     

桥梁盆式支座更换实例

在某连续箱形桥梁施工过程中,由于施工过程疏忽,造成6个盆式支座发生不同程度的倾斜偏位,其中倾斜最大处使盆式支座上钢板高差达到35mm,大大超出规范允许值,并使梁体的受力无法与设计吻合,需要通过对支座进行更换,使支座受力符合设计要求。该文介绍了桥梁盆式支座更换实例,可供类似工程参考。     

超大直径盾构机进洞后原位调头及平移方法

该文介绍了超大直径盾构机进洞后,在工作井内原地调头及平移后重新恢复掘进的施工方法。与常规的盾构机进洞后解体、吊装、再拼装的方法不同,该文以实际工程为例,给出了超大直径盾构机在工作井内原位调头的施工步骤及实现的思路。该方法经工程实践,明显缩短了工期,减少了工程费用,对今后越来越多的超大直径盾构机完成一次掘进后转场进行二次推进具有较高的借鉴意义。     

装有EPAS系统的汽车转向灵敏度仿真分析

描述了电动助力转向器的构造及其工作原理,对EPAS系统模型进行了简化,建立了EPAS机械动力学方程,推导出了电流比例控制策略下汽车转向灵敏度的传递函数方程,并在Matlab中进行了仿真计算,定性地阐述了电动机转动惯量等参数在汽车转向盘角阶跃输入下对系统响应特性的影响。     

支持向量机和基于IMF的特征能量法在汽车变速器轴承故障诊断中的应用

针对汽车变速器轴承振动信号的非平稳特征和现实中难以获得大量典型故障样本的实际情况,提出了一种基于内禀模态函数(IMF)的特征能量法和支持向量机的变速器轴承故障诊断方法。对变速器轴承内圈、外圈故障振动信号的分析结果表明,该方法在小样本情况下仍可有效提取变速器轴承的故障特征,并能成功地对其工作状态和故障类型进行分类。     

麦弗逊式前悬架液力减振器阻尼特性仿真与试验

分析了某轿车麦弗逊式前悬架液力减振器的结构特点,建立了该减振器阻尼特性的数学模型,分别采用钱氏摄动法和有限元法计算减振器节流阀片的挠曲变形,通过仿真计算得到了相应的减振器阻尼特性,通过台架试验进行了减振器样件的阻尼性能测试。对比分析表明:仿真结果与试验结果基本一致,验证了减振器阻尼特性数学模型的有效性;根据有限元法计算的阀片变形所预测的减振器阻尼特性更接近试验值,研究结果有利于提高液力减振器阻尼特性的计算精度。     

Simulation of mixed gas formation for a spray-wall complex guided LPG direct injection engine

To obtain an ultralean air-fuel ratio and to reduce engine-out NOX and HC emissions induced by the richer mixture near the spark plug, a spray and wall complex guided combustion system has been developed by utilizing the fuel characteristics of LPG. The new combustion system configuration is optimized by using a commercial CFD code, FIRE V2013, and the reliability of the system has been experimentally demonstrated by Plane Laser-Induced Fluorescence (PLIF). The mixture formation in the new combustion system under part load (2,000 rpm) is numerically simulated. With an injection timing of 40°CA BTDC, the LPG spray which is injected from two upper holes, reaches the ignition point, and the other part of the LPG spray which is injected from the bottom hole, is directed to the ignition point through the vertical vortices at the same time. At the ignition timing of about 20°CA BTDC, the two-part mixtures have been shown to form a stable and richer stratified mixture around the ignition point, and the maximum global air-fuel ratio reaches to 60: 1.     

Robust control for four-wheel-independent-steering electric vehicle with steer-by-wire system

A four-wheel-independent-steering (4WIS) electric vehicle (EV) with steer-by-wire (SBW) system is proposed in this paper. The fast terminal sliding mode controller (FTSMC) is designed for the SBW system to suppress external disturbances. Taking unstructured and structured uncertainties into consideration, a robust controller is designed for the 4WIS EV utilizing μ synthesis approach and the controller order reduction is implemented based on Hankel-Norm approximation. Since sideslip angle is the feedback signal of robust controller and it is hard to measure, the extended Kalman filter (EKF) is employed to estimate sideslip angle. To evaluate the vehicle performance with the designed control system, step and sinusoidal steering maneuvers are simulated and analyzed. Simulation results show that the designed control system have good tracking ability, strong robust stability and good robust performance to improve vehicle stability and handing performance.