小型液压挖掘机回转过程能量消耗与节能研究

为了使小型液压挖掘机在回转过程中降低能量消耗,对小型液压挖掘机在重载工况下以不同转动惯量回转时的能量消耗特性进行分析,利用Pro/E软件建立了整机的三维模型,利用AME-sim软件建立了液压系统仿真模型,通过ADAMS和AMEsim软件对模型进行联合仿真,并进行试验研究,得到小型液压挖掘机在回转过程中由转动惯量变化引起的能量消耗和系统压力变化的规律。结果表明:在重载工况下以小转动惯量回转时,采用柴油机停缸技术,可以使平均燃油消耗下降15%。     

Parameter transfer of common-metric attributes in choice analysis: implications for willingness to pay

There is a growing literature that promotes the presence of a mix of compensatory and semi-compensatory processing strategies in the way that individuals evaluate packages of attributes in real or hypothetical markets, and make choices. This paper proposes a specification for the utility form in a choice model to test if, given a pair of attributes with a common-metric (e.g., components of travel time or cost), the attribute with the dominating level defines the marginal (dis)utility that is assigned to both attributes. We refer to this processing strategy as a parameter transfer rule. We use a stated choice data set, in the context of car driving individuals choosing between tolled and non-tolled routes, to estimate a mixed logit model which incorporates the presence of the parameter transfer rule and the conventional fully compensatory rule, both existing up to a probability. We find that if this parameter transfer heuristic is part of the mix, the WTP is more than 30% higher, on average, than when only a fully compensatory rule is imposed. We also contrast the parameter transfer rule with other semi-compensatory heuristics which have been investigated in other papers, and show that the finding adds further support to the accumulating evidence that a semi-compensatory attribute processing rules tend to result in higher mean WTP estimates compared to the fully compensatory attribute processing rule.     

一种高可靠、高可用集群计算平台的设计与实现

高可靠与高可用已经成为高性能计算中不可或缺的要素.文章设计并实现的H3C集群系统应用对称式热备份(Symmetry Active/Active Replication)机制提高了集群关键服务的可靠性和可用性,使集群头节点(Head Node)在失效时仍能够提供不间断的服务.在结合LAM/MPI和BLCR检查点机制的基础上开发出高可用MPI运行环境HA/MPI,有效解决了并行计算过程中计算节点(Computing Node)失效的容错难题.     

沈阳市城市快速路建设发展综述

通过阐述沈阳市快速路建设发展情况,分析了市区交通变化情况、城市快速路的规划发展思路和设计方案的演化,研究了各阶段沈阳市快速路体系的功能定位和不同时期快速路设计方案需要考虑的各类影响因素,总结了快速路工程建设经验,探索了快速路未来设计和建造的新模式.     

图说街道——感受国内外城市道路

城市道路为居民提供交通、交往、休闲、购物、运动等各种服务,是城市生活的重要场所,街道也是政府为居民提供的公共产品。评价街道是否设计得好,必定是一个综合的标准。该文认为:此综合标准需要处理好人与车、美观与适用、技术与人文等关系,并以国内外诸多道路的实景作了图解。     

超偏载检测装置运用中误报的常见原因分析

从超偏载检测装置位置、设备基础变化、车号设备故障、超偏载检测装置故障、计算机病毒影响、列车编组情况等方面，分析超偏载检测装置运用中造成误报警的原因。     

Existence of self-financing and Pareto-improving congestion pricing: Impact of value of time distribution

This paper considers a static congestion pricing model in which travelers select a mode from either, driving on highway or taking public transit, to minimize a combination of travel time, operating cost and toll. The focus is to examine how travelers’ value of time (VOT), which is continuously distributed in a population, affects the existence of a pricing-refunding scheme that is both self-financing (i.e. requiring no external subsidy) and Pareto-improving (i.e. reducing system travel time while making nobody worse off). A condition that insures the existence of a self-financing and Pareto-improving (SFPI) toll scheme is derived. Our derivation reveals that the toll authority can select a proper SFPI scheme to distribute the benefits from congestion pricing through a credit-based pricing scheme. Under mild assumptions, we prove that an SFPI toll always exists for concave VOT functions, of which the linear function corresponding to the uniform distribution is a special case. Existence conditions are also established for a class of rational functions. These results can be used to analyze more realistic VOT distributions such as log-normal distribution. A useful implication of our analysis is that the existence of an SFPI scheme is not guaranteed for general functional forms. Thus, external subsidies may be required to ensure Pareto-improving, even if policy-makers are willing to return all toll revenues to road users.     

造船业：交船比接单更重要

金融危机裹挟着市场调整的内在需求令形势急转直下，融资环境恶化、市场需求低迷、运力投放过剩，不时将弃单的消息抛向空中，红火岁月里收获的大批新船订单开始让船厂焦虑不安。2009年，会不会有更多弃单炸弹被引爆？世界船市将走向何方？     

阿克苏诺贝尔在华扩产

近日，阿克苏诺贝尔公司宣布，其中国氯乙酸生产厂的扩产工程已顺利竣工，这个举措再次印证了该公司在诸如中国等高速增长市场加大投资力度的方针。