贡噶雅鲁藏布江大桥简支转连续梁的设计与施工

连续梁体系荷载横向分布系数按等刚度原则变换为跨径相同的等截面简支梁，根据连续T梁的施工工序进行纵向受力分析、配置预应力钢束，利用简支梁的施工工艺，达到建造连续梁的目的，解决了简支T梁桥面连续构件容易损坏的弊端。     

Meeting an 80% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions from transportation by 2050: A case study in California

This paper investigates how California may reduce transportation greenhouse gas emissions 80% below 1990 levels by 2050 (i.e., 80in50). A Kaya framework that decomposes greenhouse gas emissions into the product of population, transport intensity, energy intensity, and carbon intensity is used to analyze emissions and mitigation options. Each transportation subsector, including light-duty, heavy-duty, aviation, rail, marine, agriculture, and off-road vehicles, is analyzed to identify specific mitigation options and understand its potential for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Scenario analysis shows that, while California’s 2050 target is ambitious, it can be achieved in transport if a concerted effort is made to change travel behavior and the vehicles and fuels that provide mobility. While no individual ‘‘Silver Bullet” strategy exists that can achieve the goals, a portfolio approach that combines strategies could yield success. The 80in50 scenarios show the impacts of advanced vehicle and fuels technologies as well as the role of travel demand reduction, which can significantly reduce energy and resource requirements and the level of technology development needed to meet the target.     

Feasibility study for the application of air inflated membrane structure in China National Stadium

China National Stadium, also known as “Bird’s Nest”, is the main stadium of the 29th Olympic Games in Beijing in 2008, which has successfully held not only the Opening and the Closing ceremonies but also the track and field events. A new problem of rain preventing is brought out to improve the utilization of the Bird’s Nest after the Olympic Games. The scheme of installing an air inflated membrane at the opening of the steel structure is proposed in this paper to solve the rainproof problem of the Bird’s Nest. The form-finding and mechanical analyses of the air inflated membrane are carried out. Comparison between the mechanical performance and dynamical character before and after installing the air inflated membrane structure is given. To verify the analysis results, based on the practical structure of the Bird’s Nest, a test of a 1:20 model membrane is worked out.     

双块式轨枕长轨排调整支撑架设计及应用

就满足刚性支撑双块式轨枕无碴轨道长轨排且其铺设调整精度高的要求,设计双块式轨枕长轨排铺设专用施工机具即轨排调整支撑架。理论分析和工程试验说明,此调整支撑架能满足长轨排刚性支撑且铺设调整精度高的需要,可以作为铺设双块式或Rehda2000型轨枕长轨排的专用施工机具,具有造价低廉、结构简单、操作方便等优点。     

基于小滤变换和神经网络的汽车安全部件故障识别

汽车安全部件的工作状态直接影响汽四的安全行驶，运用小滤变换理论对汽四在不同部件参数作用下的运动参量进行小波分解。提取相关低频信号和车辆动万言书评批标作为汽四运动的牲值，结合神经网络技术进行了部分安全部件的故障状态识别。     

Exact and simplified estimations for elastic buckling pressures of structural pipe-in-pipe cross sections under external hydrostatic pressure

Structural pipe-in-pipe cross sections have significant potential for application in offshore oil and gas production systems because they combine thermal insulation performance with structural strength and self weight in an integrated way. Such cross sections comprise inner and outer thin-walled pipes with the annulus between them fully filled by a selectable filler material to impart an appropriate combination of properties. Structural pipe-in-pipe cross sections can exhibit several different collapse mechanisms, and the basis of the preferential occurrence of one over the others is of interest. This article presents an exact analysis for predicting the elastic buckling behaviours of a structural pipe-in-pipe cross section when subjected to external hydrostatic pressure. Simplified approximations are also investigated for elastic buckling pressure and mode when the outer pipe and its contact with the filler material is considered as a pipe on an elastic foundation. Results are presented to show the variation of elastic buckling pressure with the relative elastic modulus of the filler and pipe materials, the filler thickness, and the thicknesses of the inner and outer pipes. Case studies based on realistic application scenarios are used to show that the simplified approximations are sufficiently accurate for practical structural design purposes.     

基于网络控制器的船舶自动化系统结构设计

通过对集散控制系统(DCS)与现场总线控制系统(FCS)两种系统的比较,提出了一种基于网络控制器和工业以太网的船舶自动化管理系统结构,介绍了其特点以及此系统中的重要硬件设备——网络控制器。并以船舶电站为例介绍了自动化系统的实施情况。     

高分辨率罗兰C天波延迟估计新技术

提出了一种基于特征分解的多信号分类算法估计罗兰C接收机天波延迟的信号处理新技术。它为接收机基准点的实时设置提供了一种新方法。常规接收机为了防止天波干扰，将基准点设置在一个固定位置上，导致基准点处信噪比受包络限制而较低，从而大大增加了对准基准点的时间。利用这项技术，我们在低信噪比条件下分离出了地波和天波的到达时刻。这就使得接收机能根据天波延迟变化实时选择基准点最佳位置，并能利用地波到达时刻进行周期选择。由于此法有助于增加基准点处的信噪比，减少对准基准点的时间，因而能极大地提高现有罗兰C接收机的性能。还显示了新方法较IFFF方法有更高的分辨率。     

两级刚度弹簧组及其在转8A提速改造转向架上的应用

介绍了两级刚度弹簧组在国内外货车转向架上的应用。阐述了转8A芹速改造转向架用两级刚度弹簧组的设计参数及装车试验情况。     

Casualty analysis of large tankers

This article presents detailed results of a comprehensive analysis of recorded accidents of large oil tankers (deadweight greater than 80 000 tonnes) occurring between 1978 and 2003. The analysis encompasses a thorough review of available raw accident data and their postprocessing in a way to produce appropriate statistics useful for the implementation of risk-based assessment methodologies. The processing of the captured data led to the identification of significant qualitative historical trends of tanker accidents and of quantitative characteristics of large tanker accidents, such as overall accident rates per ship-year. Data were also analyzed for all major accident categories separately, taking into account tanker ship size/type, the degree of accident severity, and the oil spill tonne rates per ship-year; this led to the identification of heavily polluted worldwide geographical areas as a result of large tanker accidents.