基于响应面和遗传算法的柴油机瞬态过程喷油参数优化

基于台架试验数据,利用响应面法建立了某工程机械用柴油机瞬态过程喷油参数与性能的近似高精度模型,基于此模型采用遗传算法对瞬态过程喷油参数分别进行离线优化研究。结果表明:采用单目标优化确定的燃油消耗率(BSFC)、NO_x比排放量和颗粒质量(PM)比排放量的优化极限分别可达180.23g/(kW·h),8.92g/(kW·h)和0.011 8g/(kW·h),相对原机可降低多达4.5%,34.0%和37.3%。双目标优化的Pareto解集表明,相比于同时优化BSFC和NO_x比排放量,BSFC和PM比排放量更容易同时得到优化。采用权重因子适应度函数的三目标优化结果对应的BSFC,NO_x比排放量及PM比排放量分别为184.70g/(kW·h),12.62g/(kW·h)和0.012 2g/(kW·h),较原机分别降低2.1%,6.6%和35.3%。改进优化模型后,性能优化Pareto解集对应的BSFC和PM比排放量水平都非常接近其优化极限,但NO_x比排放量相对其优化极限仍然较高。     

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国家体育场作为北京奥运会的主会场成功地承担了开闭幕式和田径赛事任务。本文研究了其停车场车辆的交通疏散问题,制定了疏散方案。首先,分析了国家体育场停车场和泊位布局及车辆疏散的具体条件。其次,通过给定环境的场景和参数设定,对具体的奥运场馆停车场车辆的疏散方案进行了仿真和评价。最后,利用奥运会开幕式的车辆疏散实测数据进行了对比分析,在仿真中要员和贵宾车辆的总疏散时间为26min,而奥运会开幕式车辆疏散实测结果表明,全部要员、贵宾疏散完毕,共用时27min,从而验证了车辆疏散方案的准确性和实用性。     

The role of interleukin-8 produced by tumor induced fibroblasts in the development of cutaneous melanoma

Objective To determine the role of interleukin-8 (IL-8) produced by tumor induced fibroblasts in the development of cutaneous melanoma. Methods B16 melanoma cells induced L929 fibroblasts phenotype was transdifferentiated to myofibroblasts (MF) by co-culture in vitro. MF was monitored by morphology and immunophenotype for a-SMA. The level of IL-8 was detected by ELISA. The effect on B16 cell proliferation rate was estimated using MIT method in vitro. Melanoma implanting model was constructed in C57 mice. Results L929 MF phenotype could be modulated by B16 melanoma cells-derived transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and elevated the levels of IL-8. L929 MF did not influence the B16 melanoma cells viability in vitro, but shortened the time of tumor formation and increased the incidence rates of tumors in C57 implanting model mice. Conclusion Fibroblasts can be activated by tumor cells and produce IL-8, which acts as an inflammatory cytokine promoting the development of cutaneous melanoma.     

Effect of ABCA1-V771M polymorphism on plasma lipid levels and its relationship with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease

Objective To explore the risk association of ABCA1-V771M polymorphism with coronary heart disease (CHD) in Hart nationality in Northwest of China. Methods With case-control study, ABCA1-V771M polymorphism was detected in 204 unrelated Hart nationality people in Northwest of China, and all the subjects by coronary angiography were grouped into 106 cases and 98 controls. The genotypes and alleles frequency distribution of ABCA1-V771M polymorphisms were analyzed by PCR-RFLP analysis, and the clinical statistics of serum lipids were compared and its effects of ABCA1-V771M polymorphism on the plasma lipid levels and coronary atherosclerotic heart disease were analyzed. Results The genotypic frequencies of ABCA1-V771M polymorphism matched well under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P>0.05), V and M allelic frequencies were 33.3% and 66.7%. In comparison with VV VM genotype carriers, MM genotypes carriers had much lower plasma levels of HDL-C (P<0. 001) and much higher plasma levels of TG (P<0. 05). M allelic frequency in CHD group was significantly higher than V allelic frequency (P<0. 05). M allele was related with more severity of atherosclerosis in the coronary artery than V allele (P<0.05). However, there was no obvious difference in the incidence of AMI among carriers with three genotypes of ABCA1-V771M polymorphism (P>0.05). Conclusion ABCA1-V771M polymorphism was not only associated with the plasma levels of HDL-C and TG, but also related to the susceptibility and severity of coronary atheroselerotic heart disease. Moreover, M771 allele appeared to be atherogenie among Han population in Northwest of China.     

沙棘果油及沙棘籽油对大鼠放射性皮肤损伤的影响

目的观察沙棘果油及沙棘籽油对大鼠放射性皮肤损伤的影响。方法实验用深部X线治疗机,每次以3000 cGy的剂量,照射两次,造成大白鼠臀部放射性皮肤损伤。待动物症状明显后,将Ⅱ度皮肤损伤的动物随机分为6组,即阴性对照组、沙棘果油高剂量组、沙棘果油低剂量组、沙棘籽油高剂量组、沙棘籽油低剂量组以及阳性对照组。沙棘果油及籽油高剂量组,每天在损伤部位涂药两次,而其低剂量组每天涂药一次,阴性对照组每天涂灭菌的注射用水一次,阳性对照组每天涂Solcoseryl-Jelly软膏一次。结果肉眼观察结果显示,连续用药10d后,沙棘果油、籽油及Sol-coseryl-Jelly组动物的局部红斑、水肿明显减轻,创面分泌物明显减少,用药2周后,上述症状明显消退,与阴性对照组比较,明显好转;另外,沙棘果油、籽油及Solcoseryl-Jelly组的创面愈合时间明显缩短。光学显微镜观察结果显示,沙棘果油、籽油及Solcoseryl-Jelly组的皮肤损伤明显减轻,炎症反应亦明显减轻,创面修复明显。电子显微镜观察结果显示,阴性对照组的超微结构明显受损,而沙棘果油、籽油及Solcoseryl-Jelly组的损伤明显减轻。结论沙棘果油及沙棘籽油对大鼠放射性皮肤损伤有明显的治疗作用。     

信号交叉口集聚车辆的跟驰行为分析与建模

为了更好地模拟城市信号交叉口集聚车辆的跟驰行为,进而应用于城市信号交叉口信号配时和交通流理论研究,采用一种基于视频的交通流数据采集方法来采集信号交叉口的微观交通行为数据.运用灰色关联分析方法对采集到的微观交通数据进行分析,挖掘出其中的有用信息,从而寻求能够最大程度反映信号交叉口集聚车辆跟驰行为的影响变量.构建城市信号交叉口车辆集聚过程中的跟驰模型并进行参数标定、效果验证和比较分析.研究表明,新提出的跟驰模型能够很好地拟合信号交叉口集聚车辆的跟驰行为实测数据,其拟合性和稳定性优于重新标定后的扩展GM模型.     

EGFR、Ku70、NF-κB及Bcl-2在Graves病中的表达及意义

目的研究Graves病患者细针穿刺组织中EGFR、Ku70、NF-κB和Bcl-2基因的表达水平,探讨其在Graves病发生发展中的作用。方法 Graves病组患者59例,平均年龄(44.66+12.94)岁,其中男16例,女43例;甲状腺结节周围正常甲状腺组织标本27例为对照组,平均年龄(44.64+14.27)岁,其中男6例,女21例。采用实时荧光定量逆转录-多聚酶链反应(RT-PCR)法检测EGFR、Ku70、NF-κB和Bcl-2在Graves病及对照组甲状腺组织中的表达,t检验分析基因表达水平差异;Pearson相关法分析基因表达与临床特征及相关血清学指标之间的关系。结果上述基因在对照组及Graves病甲状腺组织中都有不同程度的表达。Graves病患者组织中EGFR及Ku70的表达水平明显高于对照组甲状腺组织(1.752±0.660 vs.0.859±0.125,P<0.05;3.304±0.402 vs.0.768±0.102,P<0.001);NF-κB及Bcl-2的表达水平明显低于对照组甲状腺组织(0.578±0.066 vs.0.884±0.085,P<0.001;0.834±0.086vs.1.235±0.261,P<0.05)。Graves病组织中NF-κB与Bcl-2表达水平呈正相关(r=0.399,P<0.001)。Graves病组织中Ku70的表达水平与血清TgAb水平呈正相关(r=0.263,P<0.05),而其他基因表达与相关血清学指标无关(P均>0.05)。结论 Ku70、EGFR、NF-κB、Bcl-2介导的信号转导通路可能参与了Graves病的发生、发展过程。     

CD4~+CD25- CD45RB~(high) T细胞转移性肠炎模型的建立

目的建立CD4+CD25-CD45RBhighT细胞转移性肠炎模型,并分析其在炎性肠病中的研究价值。方法流式细胞仪分选和纯化CD4+CD25-CD45RBhighT细胞并通过静脉注射移植到Rag1-/-小鼠,记录每组小鼠体质量变化,根据标准程序制作结肠组织切片进行HE染色检查,分离肠黏膜固有层CD4+T细胞并采用ELISA方法检测TNF-α和IFN-γ的表达水平。结果 CD4+CD25-CD45RBhighT细胞重建Rag1-/-小鼠3周后出现体质量下降,至第6周时体质量下降更加急剧并伴有明显腹泻。结肠组织切片结果发现明显的炎性细胞浸润,结肠上皮出现局灶性溃疡,炎症进一步蔓延至黏膜下层。结肠黏膜固有层CD4+T细胞TNF-α和IFN-γ的表达水平明显高于对照组。结论CD4+CD25-CD45RBhighT细胞转移性肠炎模型在研究炎性肠病的发病机制中具有重要作用。     

基于名义应力法的动车组车体净水箱吊装部件疲劳强度分析

针对高速运行动车组车体悬挂设备振动疲劳损伤问题,以某型动车组车顶净水箱吊装结构为研究对象,采用名义应力法对吊装结构的焊缝部位进行疲劳强度评估.根据EN 12663标准确定净水箱的工作载荷工况,采用有限元法计算了各工况下结构的振动响应,并基于BS标准计算了焊缝疲劳评估点的寿命.假定各载荷工况出现频率相同的情况下,构造了工作载荷历程,采用Fe-safe软件对焊缝的疲劳寿命进行了仿真分析.两种方法分析结果均表明:焊缝1与焊缝2寿命最低,是结构最易发生疲劳破坏的位置;焊缝位于筋板表面的焊趾寿命低于位于主支撑板表面的焊趾寿命.     

悬索桥散索鞍内索股稳定分析

以兴城首山路桥悬索桥工程为实例,对自锚式悬索桥散索鞍内的索股稳定进行计算分析,阐述散索鞍内索股稳定的重要性,提出散索鞍内索股失稳的解决办法。