Performance Design of an Exhaust Superheater for Waste Heat Recovery of Construction Equipment

Although fuel cost has been the largest portion of annual operating costs of construction equipment, it is possible to save the energy and reduce cost using fuel economy enhancement technology. In this study, an organic Rankine cycle is applied to an excavator in order to recover waste heat, reproduce it into electrical energy, and consequently reduce the fuel consumption by 10 %. A design process was carried out to develop an exhaust gas superheater that recovers the waste heat from exhaust gas through a composite-dimensional thermal flow analysis. A one-dimensional code was developed to perform a size design for the exhaust gas superheater. The ranges for the major design parameters were determined to satisfy the target of the heat recovery, as well as the pressure drop at both fluid sides. Performance analysis was done through onedimensional design code results, which were compared with three-dimensional CFD analysis. By utilizing a 3D commercial code, the arrangement of the tubes was selected and the working fluid pressure drop was reduced through a detailed layout design. The design procedure was verified by a performance evaluation of the prototype, which yielded only a 7 % tolerance in heat recovery.     

Research on the coefficient of sound absorption in turbid water

China’s coastal waters are turbid and the properties of the seabed are complex. This negatively impacts the performance of underwater detection equipment. The properties of sound absorption in turbid water are not well understood. In this paper, the coefficient of sound absorption in turbid water was measured by the reverberation technique. All work was done in a reverberation barrel made of seamless aluminum. First, pure water was poured into the reverberation barrel and its reverberation time measured. Next, various concentrations of turbid water were poured into the barrel and their reverberation time measured. After all data had been gathered, the coefficient of sound absorption in turbid water of different concentrations was calculated. From this we determined a law of sound absorption in turbid water as summarized in the paper.     

浅谈轴承盖类零件表面毛刺的预防与修整

通过分析轴承盖类零件在机加工过程中表面毛刺的产生原因，提出了表面毛刺的预防措施及修整方法，使得零件加工的表面质量得以提高。     

How remote is remote pilotage?

“Today, the idea of allowing aircraft pilots to operate as they see fit, without any control from the land, is unthinkable. Will the same things apply to ships in twenty to thirty years’ time?”Current maritime pilotage regimes are clearly seen in some quarters as too restrictive and old fashioned. Change is “in the air” and VTS, pilotage, and the relationship between them cannot be immune to it. Subject to the attainment of the appropriate standards by both ships and their crews there is no practical reason why more flexible Vessel Traffic Management cannot be introduced. The required technology is largely available and, with the introduction of AIS, the required dynamic data can be available. Technical problems foreseen are believed capable of solution. The more significant obstacles to implementation are, therefore, largely political, commercial, organisational, and cultural. These issues are discussed in this paper taking into account the viewpoints of major stakeholders.     

The economic responsibility system on board Chinese ships

In recent years, there has been an experiment on the economic responsibility system on board Chinese deep-sea ships. This paper examines the background, contents and results of the experiment and discusses its present problems and future directions. The general success of the experiment implies that a workable method can be devised to involve sea staff on board in cost control and other responsibilities and this tends to improve the economic efficiency of shipping companies.     

结构动力学基于摄动法的高阶非线性随机有限元方法研究(英文)

Several algorithms were proposed relating to the development of a framework of the perturbation-based stochastic finite element method (PSFEM) for large variation nonlinear dynamic problems. For this purpose, algorithms and a framework related to SFEM based on the stochastic virtual work principle were studied. To prove the validity and practicality of the algorithms and framework, numerical examples for nonlinear dynamic problems with large variations were calculated and compared with the Monte-Carlo Simulation method. This comparison shows that the proposed approaches are accurate and effective for the nonlinear dynamic analysis of structures with random parameters.     

P_(53)蛋白和增殖细胞核抗原在肾癌中表达的临床意义

采用免疫组织化学方法检测40例肾癌组织中P53蛋白和增殖细胞核抗原（PC-NA）的表达。发现P53蛋白阳性表达者共10例（25％）。P53蛋白表达与肿瘤病理分级、临床分期及预后无相关性。肾癌组织的PCNA增殖指数随肿瘤病理分级的上升而增加，PC－NA高表达组（增殖指数＞10％）预后不良，特别是临床早期但PCNA高表达者预后也很差。结果提示P53蛋白表达在肾癌生物学行为及预后评估中无重要意义，而PCNA可作为肾癌恶性度及预后评估指标。P53蛋白和PCNA表达无相关性。     

基于虚拟试验方法的气囊折叠方式对离位乘员损伤影响的研究

基于MADYMO软件建立了对称折叠和环向折叠安全气囊以及假人碰撞位置的虚拟试验模型。试验结果表明：环向折叠气囊对人体的主要损伤值都小于对称折叠气囊的相应值;试验中测得的所有损伤值都小于损伤评定参考值,并和有关实际试验的结果基本相同。虚拟试验是一种研究气囊折叠方式对离位乘员损伤影响的有效方法。     

基于DSP的潜艇蓄电池分级恒流充电控制系统研究

为了兼顾效率和续航能力,目前大多数常规潜艇采用混合电力推进系统,即由柴油机等热机发电给蓄电池组充电的推进系统,因此潜艇蓄电池充电系统在混合电力推进系统中占据着重要的地位,关系到潜艇的安全与续航能力.本文提出了一种基于DSP的潜艇蓄电池分级恒流充电控制器的方案,分析了控制器硬件及软件的结构和功能,并在潜艇充电系统的模拟平台上进行了实验验证,结果表明控制器的性能良好.     

建筑及装饰在桥梁设计中的应用——谈楚河汉街桥梁设计

介绍了武汉楚河汉街四座桥梁的设计,结合规划,周边环境进行了方案构思,从建筑美学、桥梁结构设计及桥梁装饰等方面阐述了桥梁的设计要点,论证了建筑学、桥梁工程及结构工程等多专业合作在景观桥梁设计上的重要性。