Failure mode and effects analysis of dual levelling valve airspring suspensions on truck dynamics

Failure mode and effects analysis are performed for a dual levelling valve pneumatic suspension to determine the effect of suspension failure on tractor–semi-trailer dynamics, using a detailed model of suspension pneumatics coupled with a truck dynamic model. A key element of failure analysis in suspensions with one or two levelling valves is determining the effect on the vehicle body roll when one or more failures occur. The failure modes considered are mainly the suspension pneumatic components, including clogged levelling valve, bent control rod, disabled lever arm, and punctured or leaking connectors and pipes. The pneumatic suspension is modelled in AMESim, with critical parameters established through component testing. Upon validating the AMESim component model experimentally, the pneumatic suspension model is integrated into TruckSim for studying the consequences of suspension failure on truck dynamics. The simulation results indicate that the second levelling valve in a dual-valve arrangement brings a certain amount of failure redundancy to the system, in the sense that when one side fails, the other side can compensate for the failure. Equipping the trailer with dual levelling valves brings an additional stabilising effect to the vehicle in the event of tractor suspension failure.     

单肋式梁拱组合体系桥梁结构设计

马涌大桥主桥采用一跨100 m单肋式梁拱组合式结构,桥宽40 m,考虑双向四车道通行并预留双向有轨电车车道。现以该桥的初步设计和施工图设计为基础,介绍单肋式梁拱组合式结构的桥型方案研究、主桥结构设计、结构计算分析等内容,并分析该桥的一些技术特点。该桥的河涌交汇口主桥设计方法、梁拱组合式结构的设计思想、结构受力要点、独特拱肋造型的设计方法等,可供类似桥梁设计时参考。     

基坑开挖对邻近管线的位移影响分析

隧道基坑常位于地下管线数量较多的闹市区,为避免施工过程中对周边管线的破坏,如何准确分析基坑开挖对周边管线的影响至关重要。利用三维有限元软件MIDAS GTS对基坑周边不同管线进行计算,通过对计算数据的观察分析,归纳总结基坑开挖对不同管线所造成的位移变形特点,为隧道基坑周边管线的合理保护优化提供了重要依据。     

超深三轴搅拌桩止水帷幕关键技术在深基坑中的应用

结合上海轨道交通10号线一期工程110 kV溧阳路主变电所的施工实践,介绍了一种全新的通过以三轴搅拌桩作为止水帷幕,垂直隔断微承压水的方法,妥善解决了城市深基坑施工所面临的抽水降压对周边环境影响的问题。     

高速公路ETC车道防邻道及跟车干扰研究

在ETC车道系统中,相邻两个ETC车道之间的OBU与RSU相互影响,RSU与非本车道上的OBU进行通讯并完成交易,引起邻道干扰;工程实施、设备等原因引起跟车干扰,造成ETC收费失败。针对存在的问题,分析工程安装、设备原因,提出切实可行的解决方案,保证ETC车道功能的正确性、完整性,是交通运输行业节能减排绿色发展成果之一。     

不同驾驶操作行为对车辆燃油消耗量的影响分析

针对车辆驾驶员普遍存在盲目换挡、急加速等不良驾驶行为的现象,研究采用发动机台架试验和道路试验相结合的方法,对汽车起步、换挡时机的选择、加速、减速、车速控制等典型的驾驶操作行为展开研究,通过对不同驾驶操作行为燃油消耗的分析,规范了汽车驾驶操作行为。     

X80管线钢管的屈强比对其失效评估曲线的影响

X80及以上级别管线钢管的高屈强比是工程应用中的一个突出问题,失效评估曲线是其安全评定的重要依据。文中通过单轴拉伸和断裂韧性试验建立了高屈强比X80管线钢管的特征失效评估图及拟合方程。结果表明：随着钢管屈强比升高,失效评估曲线的截至线（最大载荷比）降低;高、低屈强比钢管的评估曲线在载荷比大于某一临界值时发生分离,且高屈强比钢管的评估曲线处于低屈强比钢管的评估曲线之下;高屈强比钢管的选择3评估曲线比选择1和选择2曲线更偏于安全。     

矩形顶管隧道群施工对后背土体扰动规律的初步研究

为更准确地计算矩形顶管隧道施工所需顶推力,揭示小间距顶管隧道群施工中后背土体在顶推力多次叠加作用扰动后的变化情况。首先,基于现有顶管顶推力相关计算公式推导出适用于矩形顶管的顶推力计算公式。然后,整理分析某顶管隧道群工程施工中后背土体水平位移、土压力实测数据,论证矩形顶管顶推力计算公式的正确性与合理性,得到后背土体受顶推力作用产生的水平位移是以隧道中心处为最大值的弓形分布、土体在顶推力二次作用下会产生更为显著的变化且存在残余应力现象等结论。最后,采用统计方法对顶推压力与后背土体水平位移、土压力之间的数据进行处理,取得后背土在顶推压力作用下产生水平位移与土压力的经验公式。     

大型地下空间的结构分割转换工法研究

为解决当下地下空间开发难题,依托中铁工程装备集团地下停车场项目,提出建造大型地下空间的结构分割转换工法（CC工法）,并成功应用。文章从传统各工法的特点出发,阐述CC工法的设想。基于工程实践过程,首先,从地下结构的分割与转换2个角度,重点介绍大型地下空间的形成过程、型钢和钢筋混凝土组合结构管节、节点处理措施等创新内容; 然后,针对B类节点的处理措施、整体背土现象等工程问题进行解决与优化; 最后,探讨该工法拓展应用的可能性,分别介绍多层、曲线、长距离、装配式结构大型地下空间的初步方案。CC工法的成功研发,旨在为城市大型地下空间开发提供一套新的解决思路。     

Model Test on Grouting Law in Dynamic Water-Rich Sand Layers by the Electric Resistance Method北大核心CSCD

In order to study the diffusion law of grouting slurry in the water-rich sand layer under flowing water conditions, a grouting test model consisting of a main test system, a grouting system, and a measurement system was developed. And for detecting the diffusion scope of the grouts, a new resistivity method was proposed. It is found that the relationship between grouting pressure and grouting rate during the test is strong. Under hydrodynamic conditions, the grouting slurry diffuses elliptically. Due to gravity and the effect of the upper water flow, the center of gravity of the ellipsoid is below the grouting outlet, and the grouting effectively improves the physical and mechanical properties of water-rich sand bodies. At the same time, the resistivity method has a good application effect on the detection of grouting diffusion range. The range of slurry diffusion obtained by the resistivity method is basically consistent with the boundary of the stone body after excavation, indicating that the resistivity method is reliable for detection of grouting range in dynamic water-rich sand layer. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.