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211.
Modeling traffic operation at signalized intersections without explicit left‐turn yielding rules with an enhanced cell transmission model 下载免费PDF全文
This paper presents an enhanced cell transmission model (CTM) to capture traffic operation at signalized intersections without explicit permissive left‐turn yielding rules (i.e. aggressive permissive left‐turn maneuvers may not necessarily yield to opposing through traffic), which can be widely observed in many developing countries. Different from previous studies that focus on traffic dynamics on approaching links, this study contributes to modeling traffic operations within the intersection. A novel cell transmission framework with various types of virtual cells is proposed to model the dynamics of traffic movements from approach to exit. The unique phenomenon of competitive occupying of the conflict point between the left turn and opposing through movements is modeled. The cell state indicating its blockage is proposed to capture the dynamic queue formulation and dissipation and to evaluate the operational traffic performance at the intersection. Field validation results show that the proposed model can capture the operation of traffic at signalized intersections without explicit permissive left‐turn yielding rules with significantly higher level of accuracy than traditional traffic flow models. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Effective prediction of bus arrival times is important to advanced traveler information systems (ATIS). Here a hybrid model, based on support vector machine (SVM) and Kalman filtering technique, is presented to predict bus arrival times. In the model, the SVM model predicts the baseline travel times on the basic of historical trips occurring data at given time‐of‐day, weather conditions, route segment, the travel times on the current segment, and the latest travel times on the predicted segment; the Kalman filtering‐based dynamic algorithm uses the latest bus arrival information, together with estimated baseline travel times, to predict arrival times at the next point. The predicted bus arrival times are examined by data of bus no. 7 in a satellite town of Dalian in China. Results show that the hybrid model proposed in this paper is feasible and applicable in bus arrival time forecasting area, and generally provides better performance than artificial neural network (ANN)–based methods. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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从穿越瑞士列奇堡隧道的挤压变形性极强的碳质页岩带的经验中,可以得出下述结论:圆形含承压单元的支护截面,其收敛变形性总趋势要比马蹄形不含承压单元的支护截面小;圆形支护截面与马蹄形支护截面的变形性没有本质的区别;由于山体构造的不均一性,导致开挖断面的不规则变形,这是使承压单元过早脱落的原因。 相似文献
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如何提高小型混凝土预制构件的内在和外观质量一直是困扰建设者的难题。文章结合工程实例,介绍一次性冲压成型塑模预制小型混凝土构件的施工工艺及质量控制要点。为控制小型混凝土预制构件的内在和外观施工质量提供参考。 相似文献
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TTB or not TTB, that is the question: a review and analysis of the empirical literature on travel time (and money) budgets 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Patricia L. Mokhtarian Cynthia Chen 《Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice》2004,38(9-10):643-675
This paper summarizes and analyses findings from more than two dozen aggregate and disaggregate studies of travel time (and sometimes money) expenditures, exploring the question of the existence of a constant travel time budget. We conclude (with prior researchers) that travel time expenditures are not constant except, perhaps, at the most aggregate level. Nevertheless, individuals’ travel time expenditures do show patterns that can be partly explained by measurable characteristics. Travel time expenditure is strongly related to individual and household characteristics (e.g., income level, gender, employment status, and car ownership), attributes of activities at the destination (e.g., activity group and activity duration), and characteristics of residential areas (e.g., density, spatial structure, and level of service). To the extent that travel time expenditures are constant at the aggregate level, the underlying mechanisms explaining that regularity are not well understood. Consequently, further research into explaining travel time and money expenditure patterns is justified. 相似文献
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文章根据深圳轨道交通二期工程安托山站—侨香站暗挖区间的二次衬砌施工经验,分析了地铁暗挖隧道二次衬砌施工质量的影响因素以及二次衬砌施工过程中容易发生的质量问题,并提出了具体的控制措施。通过经验总结,使地铁施工的管理、质量控制、施工通病防治上升一个台阶。 相似文献
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