Bicycle mode share in China: a city-level analysis of long term trends

In the past 15 years, cities in China have experienced big changes in socioeconomic and traffic conditions, resulting in a long term change in bicycle use. This study aims to quantify the changes in bicycle mode share in Chinese cities and explore the potential causes. Based on data from 51 cities, it is found that bicycle mode share at the city level decreased gradually in the past. Conventional bicycle mode share decreased with a rate of 3 % per year, but electric bicycle mode share increased with a rate of 2 % per year. The correlations between city features such as demographics and built environments and bicycle mode share at different city sizes are compared. The generalized linear models are estimated to relate the changes in the share of different trip modes to various city-level factors. The results show that the bicycle mode share in a city is impacted by factors including city area size, population density, number of cars, percentage of local road mileage among all roads, and trip purpose. Possible reasons for the changes in bicycle uses in Chinese cities are explored and policy implications are discussed.     

Direct formulation and algorithms for the probit-based stochastic user equilibrium traffic assignment problem

This paper proposes simple and direct formulation and algorithms for the probit-based stochastic user equilibrium traffic assignment problem. It is only necessary to account for random variables independent of link flows by performing a simple transformation of the perceived link travel time with a normal distribution. At every iteration of a Monte-Carlo simulation procedure, the values of the random variables are sampled based on their probability distributions, and then a regular deterministic user equilibrium assignment is carried out to produce link flows. The link flows produced at each iteration of the Monte-Carlo simulation are averaged to yield the final flow pattern. Two test networks demonstrate that the proposed algorithms and the traditional algorithm (the Method of Successive Averages) produce similar results and that the proposed algorithms can be extended to the computation of the case in which the random error term depends on measured travel time.     

ECDIS和AlS组合使用的优势和前景

电子海图显示与信息系统(ECDIS)被认为是继雷达/ARPA之后在船舶导航方面又一项伟大的技术革命,可以说将航海安全技术提升到了一个全新的高度,对航运相关行业带来了深远的影响.文章详细分析了船舶自动识别系统(AIS)与现代先进的航海技术ECDIS的关系及其相互作用,论证ECDIS为AIS提供了最佳的显示平台.ECDIS与AIS的组合使用可以充分发挥AIS的作用,提高了系统的安全性,具有明显的优势和广阔前景.     

浮式储油轮(FPS0)上部组块放火分隔方式浅析

文章针对西江FPS0上部模块的消防工艺要求,对不同的消防方案在经济性、适用性、用水量等方面进行了对比和研究,结果表明消防炮方案是比较可行的,满足FPS0的消防要求,并且取得了很好的节能效果.     

重庆朝天门长江大桥施工扣索索力监控分析

重庆朝天门长江大桥主跨桁拱施工采用拱上爬行吊机悬臂吊装法,期间辅助以大型斜拉扣挂系统。通过建立空间有限元模型．对其施工过程进行理论分析。从理论分析、实测数据、实际施工操作三方面综合分析了朝天门长江大桥扣索初张力的控制．并对施工中各个工况下的索力实测数据进行了分析。     

无人机载合成孔径雷达遥测技术

无人机携载合成孔径雷达遥测系统可逼近作战前沿进行纵深侦察和进入危险区域进行实况测绘,从而在军民用方面获得广泛应用。首先详述了无人机载SAR遥测系统的构成和主要性能特点,介绍了几种现有无人机载合成孔径雷达遥测系统,最后对其应用现状和发展前景进行了分析研究。     

非涉案保险人是否享有诉权

原告1:迅捷国际船务有限公司(简称迅捷公司) 原告2:强宇航运有限公司(简称强宇公司) 被告:昆士兰联保保险有限公司(简称昆士兰公司) 案情回放 迅捷公司,强宇公司于2006年6月22日向宁波海事法院起诉称:2005年,通过保险经济人宏丰船舶管理公司(以下简称宏丰公司),昆士兰公司作为保险人承保了以强宇公司为被保险人、以"兴海峰"轮为保险标的保赔险.     

基于偏最小二乘的两栖突击车作战效能预测

针对两柄突击车作战效能和偏最小二乘的特点,提出了基于偏最小二乘预测作战效能的方法。介绍了偏最小二乘回归的具体过程,在此基础上．对某型两栖突击车的作战效能进行了预测。得到了可靠的作战效能系数。     

舰载直升机应召搜索时使用特种浮标问题研究

在使用声纳浮标搜索时,水声环境对搜索效能影响很大,通过布设特种浮标可以测得当面海区水声环境,确定浮标工作深度和作用距离。分析了舰载直升机布设特种浮标的方法和布设模型,针对布设时存在的问题提出了改进对策,为舰载直升机应召搜索时使用特种浮标提供参考。     

单舰舰空导弹对空防御问题研究

舰空导弹武器系统是防御反舰导弹的有效兵器之一,舰空导弹的战术技术性能决定了舰空导弹拦截反舰导弹的能力。舰空导弹的反导能力主要取决于舰空导弹的单发命中概率、目标的性质及对不同来袭方向反舰导弹的抗击次数,舰空导弹武器系统性能的优劣直接关系和影响舰艇的生存能力。