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231.
Based on published reports and direct observation, the common resources of landscape plant species in the Shanghai area were
identified and studied in terms of the landscape characteristics of timing sequence changes over a one year time period. The
results showed that there were 199 common landscape plant species in Shanghai, distributed in 67 families and 129 genera.
These plants were categorized by three ornamental characteristics: flowers, foliage and fruits. The species were thus further
analyzed according to the time periods which these characteristics were present. The results showed that flower ornamental
distributed throughout the year, particularly from April to June, and plant species with colorful foliage could be seen every
month, and particularly in November and December. On the other hand, few plant species with fruit ornamentals were observed
in Shanghai area. The diversity of landscape timing sequence changes of the 199 plant species under examination was then analyzed
by using the Shannon-Weiner and Simpson index formulas. The results showed that the higher diversity was observed in January,
February and from August to October, while the lowest diversity was recorded from March to July and during November and December.
The diversity of landscape characteristics of these plants was ranked according to foliage, flowers and fruit. Using this
method, one park and one plant community were selected to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of their time-changing
plant landscape, with the goal of assessing the validity of the chosen ranking method. These results in the present study
would be helpful to evaluate the plant landscape in a specified space and further enrich the diversity of plant and landscape
by a target-oriented way. 相似文献
232.
The modeling of travel decision making has been a popular topic in transportation planning. Previous studies focused on random-utility discrete choice models and machine learning methods. This paper proposes a new modeling approach that utilizes a mixed Bayesian network (BN) for travel decision inference. The authors use a predetermined BN structure and calculate priori and posterior probability distributions of the decision alternatives based on the observed explanatory variables. As a “utility-free” decision inference method, the BN model releases the linear structure in the utility function but assumes the traffic level of service variables follow multivariate Gaussian distribution conditional on the choice variable. A real-world case study is conducted by using the regional travel survey data for a two-dimensional decision modeling of both departure time choice and travel mode choice. The results indicate that a two-dimensional mixed BN provides better accuracy than decision tree models and nested logit models. In addition, one can derive continuous elasticity with respect to each continuous explanatory variable for sensitivity analysis. This new approach addresses a research gap in probabilistic travel decision making modeling as well as two-dimensional travel decision modeling. 相似文献
233.
LNG-FSRU采用软刚臂单点系泊系统定位于特定海域在风、浪、流联合作用下进行作业,其运动非常复杂,必须进行水动力性能研究.本文针对35万立方米超大型LNG-FSRU,采用软刚臂单点系泊系统定位方式,开展了风、浪、流联合作用下水动力模型试验研究.软刚臂系泊系统软中各构件间的连接方式及Yoke重量相似是模型试验的关键,试验对该系泊系统的相似性进行了模拟,并将试验结果与数值计算结果进行了对比分析,结果显示,软刚臂系泊系统刚度曲线呈现非线性,试验结果与数值结果吻合良好,表明试验中对于软刚臂系泊系统的模拟是合理的,反映了LNG-FSRU在风、浪、流联合作用下的运动特性. 相似文献
234.
The typical industry practice for Tension Leg Platform (TLP) design focuses on a conventional short-term design recipe, which assumes that an N-year design environment leads to an N-year response. In the response-based design method, the TLP is designed to withstand N-year responses rather than respond to N-year environmental conditions. In this paper, we present an overview and a general procedure for the response-based design method and use a case study to compare the critical TLP responses between the two methods. The results of our comparison show that the conventional short-term design method often contains an element of conservatism and that the response-based design method can reduce the design conditions and thereby achieve cost savings. 相似文献
235.
236.
唐山港曹妃甸港区规划工程测量项目,测量范围东起大清河口(捞鱼尖),西至南堡西侧,向南测量至-20 m等深线附近水域,其岸线长达61 km,测量面积达到1 148 km<'2>,是一项超大型的测量工程.结合曹妃甸港区规划工程测量,主要阐述如何对临时水位站进行布设,以及如何解决曹妃甸理论最低潮面与当地理论最低潮面的转换关系. 相似文献
237.
国际海事组织(IMO)于2002年12月13日通过了<1974年国际海上人命安全公约>(SOLAS 公约)关于国际反恐的修正案 ,并出台了于2004年7月1日生效的<国际船舶和港口设施保安规则>(ISPS规则).由于此规则实施时间不长,还有许多不尽完善的地方,船舶在实施过程中产生了许多问题.文章重点对此存在的问题进行梳理和分析,提出了一些对策和建议. 相似文献
238.
接单策略偏于谨慎 2008年初时,日本各大船厂手持订单饱满,生产任务普遍排至2011年左右,而造船钢材价格却是一涨再涨,使得本来可以获利的订单转眼间变成赔本的生意,船厂的财务业绩因钢材上涨而面临巨大压力,接单越多可能最后亏损越多. 相似文献
239.
240.
随着市场经济体制的建立和ISO 9001标准的实施,大多数企业已经确立了以顾客满意为导向的经营战略.组织依存于顾客、以顾客为关注焦点、顾客第一等理念正逐渐成为企业管理者的行动准则. 相似文献