Adaptive Multi-Objective Optimization of Bionic Shoulder Joint Based on Particle Swarm Optimization

To get the movement mode and driving mechanism similar to human shoulder joint, a six degrees of freedom (DOF) serial-parallel bionic shoulder joint mechanism driven by pneumatic muscle actuators (PMAs) was designed. However, the structural parameters of the shoulder joint will affect various performances of the mechanism. To obtain the optimal structure parameters, the particle swarm optimization (PSO) was used. Besides, the mathematical expressions of indexes of rotation ranges, maximum bearing torque, discrete dexterity and muscle shrinkage of the bionic shoulder joint were established respectively to represent its many-sided characteristics. And the multi-objective optimization problem was transformed into a single-objective optimization problem by using the weighted-sum method. The normalization method and adaptive-weight method were used to determine each optimization index’s weight coefficient; then the particle swarm optimization was used to optimize the integrated objective function of the bionic shoulder joint and the optimal solution was obtained. Compared with the average optimization generations and the optimal target values of many experiments, using adaptive-weight method to adjust weights of integrated objective function is better than using normalization method, which validates superiority of the adaptive-weight method.     

Structural Optimization of Hatch Cover Based on Bi-directional Evolutionary Structure Optimization and Surrogate Model Method

Weight reduction has attracted much attention among ship designers and ship owners. In the present work, based on an improved bi-directional evolutionary structural optimization (BESO) method and surrogate model method, we propose a hybrid optimization method for the structural design optimization of beam-plate structures, which covers three optimization levels: dimension optimization, topology optimization and section optimization. The objective of the proposed optimization method is to minimize the weight of design object under a group of constraints. The kernel optimization procedure (KOP) uses BESO to obtain the optimal topology from a ground structure. To deal with beam-plate structures, the traditional BESO method is improved by using cubic box as the unit cell instead of solid unit to construct periodic lattice structure. In the first optimization level, a series of ground structures are generated based on different dimensional parameter combinations, the KOP is performed to all the ground structures, the response surface model of optimal objective values and dimension parameters is created, and then the optimal dimension parameters can be obtained. In the second optimization level, the optimal topology is obtained by using the KOP according to the optimal dimension parameters. In the third optimization level, response surface method (RSM) is used to determine the section parameters. The proposed method is applied to a hatch cover structure design. The locations and shapes of all the structural members are determined from an oversized ground structure. The results show that the proposed method leads to a greater weight saving, compared with the original design and genetic algorithm (GA) based optimization results.     

中国城市道路交通安全特点解析

由于中国正处于机动化、城镇化快速交织发展时期,城市道路与公路交通安全的发展特点不同。针对城市道路交通安全特点,基于2007—2016年城市道路交通事故和交通违法数据,兼顾时序规律和空间规律,梳理归纳城市道路交通安全发展的阶段性特征。进而解析城市道路交通安全特点的形成原因,探讨道路安全与道路设施、出行方式、出行行为之间的内在联系。最后,针对城市道路交通事故发生时间、交叉口和非机动车道交通事故回升、电动自行车交通事故骤增、货车夜间交通事故多发、行人交通事故伤亡数居高、老年群体交通安全风险升高等特征,分别提出推进交通安全管理的对策建议。     

"十四五"期我国城市交通无障碍发展需求和政策建议

为促进"十四五"期我国城市交通无障碍环境建设,系统梳理我国城市交通无障碍发展的现状和问题,基于对"十四五"期城市交通无障碍发展形势需求的分析研判,提出相应的政策建议.研究认为:"十四五"期,我国城市交通无障碍发展将面临人口老龄化、新型城镇化、需求品质化、交通智能化的多重趋势叠加,需坚持新发展理念,加快供给侧改革和需求侧管理双向发力,从完善顶层制度设计、推广普及通用设计、完善慢行交通体系、推动无障碍公交认证、加强日常维护管理、提升出行服务水平、加大资金用地保障和营造无障碍出行文化等方面采取对策,推进城市交通无障碍建设高质量发展.     

基于分布式WebChart的船舶导航系统

为了提高目前WebChart信息传输与交互的效率, 分析了WebChart作为船舶导航系统需要解决的海图数据网络传输、实时获取本地导航设备数据、客户端之间信息交互等问题, 提出并构建了一种基于分布式WebChart的船舶导航系统。该系统采用数字签名和Java本机接口方法解决了WebChart对本地资源的访问, 实现了通过客户端串口对本地传感器信息的读取, 并且系统采用了分布式体系结构, 船舶用户不仅可以通过网络浏览器浏览海图数据, 而且可以在海图平台上相互可见和交互, 从而使船舶用户能够方便地通过网络实时、准确地分析和了解其周围的动静态航行环境, 获取全面的导航服务。     

用土工织物加固挡土墙软土地基的方法及体会

近年来,我国岩土工作者也在试验室中证明了在砂土中加筋可有效地提高土体的地基承载力,减少地基竖向沉降量,有效地克服土体整体性差及连续性差的性能.由于加筋土具有以上的性能,且其价格低廉的特点,使其在工程中具有广泛的应用前景.     

REPORT OF HLA DISTRIBUTION IN 2315 VOLUNTEER DONORS OF CHINESE BONE MARROW BANK FROM NORTHWEST CHINA

HumanLeukocyteAntigen(HLA)system, knownashumanmajorhistocompatibilitycomplex (MHC),playsakeyroleinantigenprocessing,im muneregulationandotheraspects.HLAisalsobeen calledastransplantingantigenasaccuratetypingof HLAonbothpatientanddonorcanincreasedramat i…     

STUDY ON THE THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS OF GINSENOSIDE Rg-1 AND GASTRODINE ON AD MODEL RATS INDUCED BY β-AMYLOID PEPTIDE （25-35）

Alzheimer sdisease(AD)isadegenerativedis orderofcentralnervoussysteminhumanbeing.It ischaracterizedbylossofmemory,cognitivede clineandmisbehavior,aswellasoxidativedamage isincreasedandmetabolicrateisdecreased.Major pathologicalmarksofADareextracellarsenil…     

中国公路自然区划指标体系的研究

通过对公路自然区划在公路工程规划、设计、施工方面对工程建设指导作用的分析,结合公路工程中实际问题,同时,借鉴国外公路自然区划的成功经验和86版公路三级区划的方法,在分析、归纳大量工程数据的基础上,提出了新公路自然区划的指标体系。     

试论专利战略在企业技术创新中的运用

企业技术创新与专利工作有着密不可分的关系,专利不仅是企业保护自身技术创新的重要手段,更是企业形成持续创新能力、占领市场竞争制高点的有力武器。实施专利战略是企业经营战略中一个不可缺少的组成部分,它对我国企业参与国际竞争具有十分重要的意义。