Review of Secure Communication Approaches for In-Vehicle Network

In the connected vehicles, connecting interfaces bring threats to the vehicles and they can be hacked to impact the vehicles and drivers. Compared with traditional vehicles, connected vehicles require more information transfer. Sensor signals and critical data must be protected to ensure the cyber security of connected vehicles. The communications among ECUs, sensors, and gateways are connected by in-vehicle networks. This paper discussed the state-of-art techniques about secure communication for in-vehicle networks. First, the related concepts in automotive secure communication have been provided. Then we have compared and contrasted existing approaches for secure communication. We have analyzed the advantages/disadvantages of MAC and digital signatures for message authentication and compared the performance and limitations of different cryptographic algorithms. Firewall and intrusion detection system are introduced to protect the networks. The constraints and features of different intrusion detection approaches are presented. After that, the technical requirements for cryptographic mechanism and intrusion detection policy are concluded. Based on the review of current researches, the future development directions of the automotive network security have been discussed. The purpose of this paper is to review current techniques on automotive secure communication and suggest suitable secure approaches to implement on the in-vehicle networks.     

Creep Life Prediction of Alloy 718 for Automotive Engine Materials

This study was carried out to investigate the creep life at the high temperature of the Alloy 718 for automotive engine components using the initial strain parameter method (ISPM). Creep tests have performed at elevated temperatures in the range of 550 oC to 700 oC in this work. We also carried out constant stress creep tests. The initial strains were measured during 1 minute after loading. Both the creep stress and rupture time depend on the initial strain. We calculated the creep life of Alloy 718 by using the creep life prediction equations obtained from the ISPM. Then, we compared the creep life predicted by the ISPM to the Larson-Miller parameter (LMP). The experimental rupture time and the calculated rupture time by using the ISPM agreed with a confidence level of 95 %. The creep life predicted by using the ISPM was in very good agreement with the creep life predicted using the LMP method.     

New Optimal Power Management Strategy for Series Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Recently Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) have gained increasing attention due to their ability to reduce the fuel consumption and emissions. In this paper a new efficient power management strategy is proposed for a series PHEV. According to the battery state of charge (SOC) and vehicle power requirement, a new rule-based optimal power controller with four different operating modes is designed to improve the fuel economy of the vehicle. Furthermore, the teaching-learning based optimization (TLBO) method is employed to find the optimal engine power and battery power under the specified driving cycle while the fuel consumption is considered as the fitness function. In order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, four different driving cycles with various numbers of driving distances for each driving cycle are selected for the simulation study. The performance of the proposed optimal power management strategy is compared with the rule-based power management method. The results verify that the proposed power management method could significantly improve the fuel economy of the series PHEV for different driving conditions.     

Disturbance Observer-Based Sideslip Angle Control for Improving Cornering Characteristics of In-Wheel Motor Electric Vehicles

In this paper, a robust sideslip angle controller based on the direct yaw moment control (DYC) is proposed for in-wheel motor electric vehicles. Many studies have demonstrated that the DYC is one of the effective methods to improve vehicle maneuverability and stability. Previous approaches to achieve the DYC used differential braking and active steering system. Not only that, the conventional control systems were commonly dependent on the feedback of the yaw rate. In contrast to the traditional control schemes, however, this paper proposes a novel approach based on sideslip angle feedback without controlling the yaw rate. This is mainly because if the vehicle sideslip angle is controlled properly, the intended sideslip angle helps the vehicle to pass through the corner even at high speed. On the other hand, the vehicle may become unstable because of the too large sideslip caused by unexpected yaw disturbances and model uncertainties of time-varying parameters. From this aspect, disturbance observer (DOB) is employed to assure robust performance of the controller. The proposed controller was realized in CarSim model described actual electric vehicle and verified through computer simulations.     

复合路面在天津港南港路改造工程中的应用

车辆荷载是决定路面结构设计和影响路面结构强度的主要因素之一,在滨海地区如何有效地减少重载交通对路面结构的影响,延长道路的使用寿命,该文结合天津港南港路改造工程取得的良好使用效果,阐述了重载交通下的路面结构改造设计与应用。     

浅谈东营市雨水规划

雨水利用是当今雨水规划必须面对的课题。不同形式的雨水排水系统对水体水质也会产生不同的影响,直接影响雨水能否合理利用。在本次东营市雨水规划编制中针对该市对雨水工程的要求,重点关注了雨水利用问题,并围绕该市雨水水质能否达标排放展开了讨论,可供类似单位参考。     

城市道路检查井沉陷的病害分析及施工技术研究

随着城市现代化程度的不断提高,各类市政公用管道越来越多,在路面上所设的各类管网的检查井也随之增多。检查井引起路面破损的问题普遍存在,一定程度上影响了道路景观、行车安全和市民生活的情况。该文通过调查研究检查井存在的问题,提出有效的解决方案,开展市政道路检查井施工技术的相关研究。     

钢管混凝土系杆拱桥的结构检测与评估

对钢管混凝土系杆拱桥实施了常规检测和动、静载试验,并结合有限元建模与分析,最终对桥梁进行了安全评估。结论为：从荷载试验结果看,桥梁的各项检测指标符合试验规程要求,即当前满足于设计荷载等级,但由于该桥的结构特点,针对现存的安全隐患,应立即组织维修。     

汕昆高速公路潮州段桥梁桩基孤石处理

孤石区桥梁桩基础施工效率低、成本高。汕头-昆明高速公路潮州段对孤石区桥梁桩基采用逐桩钻探,通过优化设计减少桩数、缩短桩长,施工中综合采用浅层挖除、超前钻孔爆破、抛石纠偏、桩孔内钻孔爆破等方法,取得较好的效果。     

山区桥梁墩柱长度系数计算方法研究

桥墩的计算长度问题是山区高速公路桥梁设计中的难题。文中以某在建的高速公路桥梁为工程实例,分析探讨桥墩长度系数的计算方法,并介绍目前常用的通过欧拉公式推导长度系数的计算方法,再建立有限元模型进行结构屈曲分析,得到桥墩的计算长度系数。分析比较2种方法可知,结构有限元屈曲分析法能够更准确地考虑桥墩的边界条件及横向联系作用,计算精度更高。