Detecting damage to offshore platform structures using the time-domain data

A new method that uses time-domain response data under random loading is proposed for detecting damage to the structural elements of offshore platforms. In our study, a time series model with a fitting order was first constructed using the time-domain of noise data. A sensitivity matrix consisting of the first differential of the autoregressive coefficients of the time series models with respect to the stiffness of structural elements was then obtained based on time-domain response data. Locations and severity of damage may then be estimated by solving the damage vector whose components express the degrees of damage to the structural elements. A unique aspect of this detection method is that it requires acceleration history data from only one or a few sensors. This makes it feasible for a limited array of sensors to obtain sufficient data. The efficiency and reliability of the proposed method was demonstrated by applying it to a simplified offshore platform with damage to one element. Numerical simulations show that the use of a few sensors＇ acceleration history data, when compared with recorded levels of noise, is capable of detecting damage efficiently. An increase in the number of sensors helps improve the diagnosis success rate.     

美国舰载电子战系统的发展

介绍美国舰载电子战系统的发展历程以及装备的研制、改进情况,指出在现代战争中发展舰载电子战系统的优势和重要性,探讨几种电子战装备的性能及其特点,论述美国舰电子战系统的发展分析.     

多模式机液复合传动装置设计方案分析

液压传动柔性特征适用于起步工况，机液传动高效无级调速特征适用于作业工况，机械传动高效变速特征适用于转场工况。分析集液压传动、机液传动和机械传动为一体的多模式机液复合传动装置的设计思路在汽车工程上具有理论研究意义和实际应用价值。研究了机液复合传动的功率流传递机理，分析了换挡机构处于功率分流机构、复合传动机构、功率汇流机构和后置换挡机构一处或多处时，分段式机液传动装置各自的性能特征。研究结果表明：功率分流传动方式多适用于中小功率车辆，且马达转矩与传动装置输出转矩比值保持不变；功率汇流传动方式多适用于大功率车辆，使小功率液压件传递大功率成为可能，并能够在输出端起到减速增矩的效果；功率分流和功率汇流互换的传动方式可通过控制行星齿轮双接口及后置换挡机构，保证机液复合传动在不同速度分段中的高效运行；当换挡机构在行星齿轮之间时，可在2个不同区段改变行星齿轮机构的特性参数，使得在整个工作区范围内保持合理的功率配额；当采用多段式行星齿轮功率汇流传动方式时，后置换挡机构扩大了传动装置转速和转矩的覆盖范围。根据上述5类机液传动设计思路，提出对应的多模式机液复合传动装置设计方案。以一款用于扫地车的机液复合传动装置为研究对象，进行运动学和动力学分析，确定相关参数，绘制调速曲线和效率特性曲线，并对其挡位切换优化问题做了简要介绍。该方案充分利用液压传动的无级调速性能和机械传动的高效变速性能，较好地满足了车辆起步、作业和转场工况的要求。     

Prenatal assessment of normal fetal pulmonary grey-scale and lung volume by three-dimensional ultrasonography

Objective To quantitatively analyze the fetal lung echo and right lung volume in the third trimester by real-time three-dimensional ultrasound (3-D US) and evaluate the feasibility of fetal lung maturity. Methods A total of 732 women with normal singleton pregnancies between 28 and 42 weeks of gestation underwent ultrasound examination. The 3-D US equipment with a 3.5-5MHz transabdominal transducer was used for the fetal biometric measurement. The echogenicity ratio between fetal lung and liver was compared. The fetal lung volume was calculated by the rotational multiplanar technique for volume measurement (VOCAL). Results The right fetal lung volume increased with the increase of gestational age with a linear positive correlation (r=0.884, P<0.01). After 34 weeks, the echogenicity ratio of fetal lung to liver was more than 1.1. Conclusion The echogenicity of lung/liver and fetal lung volume could be used as normal fetal predictable indicators for fetal lung maturity.     

基于FEKO的球体电磁散射分析

使用电磁场仿真软件进行雷达目标的电磁散射分析已成为重要的手段之一.利用FEKO软件的EditFEKO界面强大的图形编辑和数值分析功能,实现电磁场偏微分方程的有限元解法.与参考资料上的实验结果进行比较,得出运算速度快,误差小,便于进一步工程实践等优点.     

铁路建设标准化管理的实践与思考

介绍我国铁路建设形势、铁路建设标准化管理的基本框架要求,叙述上海铁路局推行标准化管理的基本特点,重点阐述贯彻标准化管理实践中的突出做法以及对有关问题的思考。     

传感器组故障自诊断自修正方法

提出用RBF神经网络对传感器组中的各个输出进行预测,若预测值与输出值发生较大的偏差,可能是传感器故障或设备故障,运用传感器之间的冗余率,进一步判断传感器是否发生故障,进而采用对应的诊断策略。     

高压水射流清洗技术在地源水井清洗中的应用

阐述了高压水射流清洗技术在地源水井的清洗修复时所采用的工艺步骤及正确的辅助设备选型,经过反复试验研究,确定清洗压力应控制在45～65 MPa、旋转速度控制在50～60 r/min、直径为1.4 mm单孔喷嘴的倾斜角度控制在2°～5°左右、升降速度控制在1～2 m/min等,通过反复剥离腐蚀层,达到地源水井的清洗恢复目的。经过实际应用,该高压水射流清洗技术在地源水井的清洗修复取得令人满意的清洗效果。     

平面纯被动减摇水舱设计研究

海洋工程船的减摇是适应其服务的海洋与气象环境的实际需要,关系到海工船工作效率、舒适性和安全性。阐述了横摇的减摇基本原理、减摇的运动微分方程式并编制了适用于平面纯被动减摇水舱的计算程序;分析了自摇周期的经验公式的适用性,以及不同减摇水舱尺寸、不同介质对减摇效果的影响;通过对PSV(海洋平台供应船)和AHTS船(多功能海洋锚作拖船)的减摇计算与分析,展望了纯平面减摇水舱实际使用的前景。     

Kinematics analysis and experiment of a cockroach-like robot

This article describes the structure of the cockroach-like robot. Both kinematics and locomotion control are inspired by biological observations in cockroaches. Based on cockroach-like robot kinematics analysis, screw theory, and the production-of-exponential (POE) formula, this paper focuses on the inverse kinematics which uses Paden-Kahan sub-problems to obtain directly the displacement of joint angles. The forward kinematics derives the relationship between joint angles according to the natural restrictions. Then, by using the POE formula, it can deduce the body pose and realize online trajectory control and planning. Through simulation and experimentation, it is proved that the straight-line walking and turning gait algorithms have static stability and the inverse kinematics analysis of cockroach-like robot is correct.