Deliberative collision avoidance for unmanned surface vehicle based on the directional weight

The purpose of this study is to realize the intelligent deliberative obstacle avoidance for unmanned surface vehicle (USV), based on the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea called COLREGS. Firstly, a three-level system architecture is designed for the ship intelligent collision avoidance system. Secondly, an intelligent collision avoidance algorithm is presented based on the calculation of motion parameters and the rules of COLREGS. Thirdly, according to COLREGS, the marine environment is modeled from the electronic chart data and radar information, and a deliberative collision avoidance algorithm is written. Finally, the deliberative collision avoidance simulation is carried out for the USV. The feasibility and reliability of intelligent collision avoidance algorithm are verified by the vivid simulation results.     

A dynamic computable general equilibrium simulation of China’s innovation-based economy under the new normal

Researching China’s innovative economic and financial innovation issues under the background of the New Normal, we need to carefully analyze the internal structure and interaction of China’s macroeconomics. The computable general equilibrium (CGE) model has outstanding advantages on predicting the external shock influences on economic system, but previous studies on forecast for China’s future economy mostly considered a high growth rate which is hard to comply with the New Normal scene. By constructing China’s macroeconomic dynamic CGE (DCGE) model and anticipating the economic impact of the New Normal, this paper finds that the New Normal has a certain extent inhibition on China’s macro-economy and innovation. However, after adding the research and development (R&D) subsidy policy, the negative impacts of the New Normal on macro-economy can be eliminated to realize the optimization of economic structure. In addition, after combining the financial innovation promoting policy and the KeQiang index through the simulation of macro-economy, we find that the quality of economic growth is improved. Finally, we provide the policy recommendations for the realization of an innovative economy under China’s New Normal.     

Non-probabilistic reliability research on multi-variable hydraulic turbine blade model

Based on the interval mathematics and possibility theory, the variables existing in hydraulic turbine blade are described. Considering the multi-failure mode in turbine blade, multi-variable model is established to meet the actual situation. Thus, non-probabilistic reliability index is presented by comparing with the output range and the given range.     

Reliability analysis of multi-state repairable system with dynamic transition probabilities

Inadequate maintenance decisions lead to incremental overall costs. In order to minimize costs in maintenance of the multi-state repairable system, we model a preventive maintenance (PM) scheme of the multistate repairable system using non-Markov process. The periodically decreasing reliability model of the non-Markov dynamic system with dynamic transition probabilities is established to satisfy the probability change. The diesel engine system is taken as an example to illustrate the model. The reliability of the diesel engine is analyzed and its PM scheme is worked out. RENO software is used to simulate the diesel engine system. The maintenance cost of components and the optimal PM interval data of the system are obtained by using the minimal average cost as the objective function. The adaptability of PM is judged, and the optimal PM scheme is presented.     

Online fault diagnosis of modern process industry system based on color-spectrum

This paper proposes a new method to diagnose the system fault of the process industry based on the monitor data set of distributed control system (DCS). Firstly, it defines a homeomorphism product space named color phase space which is a Cartesian product of two-dimensional Euclidean space and three-dimensional color phase space. Secondly, it maps the DCS data to the color phase space in order to get a system color-spectrum which displays the inherent relationship of the whole system. Then, it diagnoses the system fault by observing the color change on the color-spectrum depending on the physiological characteristics that human’s eyes are more sensitive for the color change than data change.     

改扩建高速公路中央分隔带封闭区交通标志适用性评价研究

高速公路改扩建项目中老路中央分隔带的保留增加了潜在行车风险,交通标志牌作为传递道路信息的主要手段,其设置是否合理对于行车安全至关重要.从驾驶入的认知原理出发,通过分析标志牌信息量与标志视认时间的关系,量化了标志视认距离,在此基础上结合高速公路改扩建后最不利条件下的车辆换道过程,提出了基于驾驶人视认性和换道操作舒适性的交通标志适用性评价方法,从而对改扩建高速公路中央分隔带封闭区设计的新型交通标志进行评价.案例评价结果表明,该高速公路改扩建中央分隔带封闭区交通标志方案能有效诱导驾驶人安全、舒适的出入中央分隔带封闭区.      

城市轨道交通对城市人口迁移的作用

上海市城市轨道交通建设通车10年以来,对城市人口分布的影响逐步显现。通过分析上海市轨道交通1号线沿线主要区的近10年人口数量变动情况,说明轨道交通沿线中心城区是主要人口迁出地区,而沿线的近郊和郊区是主要人口迁入地区。作为人口迁入区的闵行区,新迁入人口主要分布在轨道交通沿线乡镇。城市轨道交通具有引导城市人口从高密度地区向低密度地区迁移分布的重要作用。     

全液压驱动斗轮式堆取料机液压系统改造

我港第三分公司使用的全液压驱动斗轮式堆取料机由于使用时间较长,液压系统元件布局分散,不便于管理、检查和维修;斗轮驱动无力,液压马达经常漏油、损坏,臂架俯仰时经常振动,胶带张紧效果较差。此外,液压油容易发热,特别是在夏天,经常因为油温过高而被迫停机,须待其自然冷却后才能继续作业,因此严重影响正常生产。     

The ambivalence of ridesharing

Ridesharing is quite a popular topic of discussion among transport authority personnel. It is perceived to be a viable alternative to classical modes of transportation, and receives a great deal of political support from transport planners. However, not much objective information is available on ridesharing behaviors. We use travel survey data to study the evolution of the ridesharing market in an urban area. Our study is based on data from four large-scale OD surveys conducted in the Greater Montreal Area (1987, 1993, 1998 and 2003). In the latest survey conducted in Montreal, car passengers were asked to identify the driver who gave them the opportunity to travel in this way. Their answers were classified according to the type of driver; for instance, a member of their household, a neighbor or a co-worker. We use this information to calibrate a model matching car passengers and car drivers belonging to the same household. This will be referred to as IHHR (intra-household ridesharing). Preliminary results reveal that approximately 70% of all trips made by car passengers are the result of IHHR. Furthermore, around 15% of those trips are questionable, in that they were exclusively generated for another individual’s purposes, consequently generating an additional trip for the journey back home. Moreover, this percentage increased over time. Objective data regarding ridesharing and its evolution in an urban area will undoubtedly help decision makers gain a clearer profile of this means of travel and help to realign attitudes on the issue.

The role of paratransit: some reflections based on the experience of residents’ coach services in Hong Kong

Paratransit refers to urban transport services “somewhere between private passenger transport and conventional public transport in terms of cost and quality of service” [Rimmer (1980), Paratransit: A commentary. Environ. Plan. A 12, 937–944]. Since the 1980s, a new form of paratransit—residents’ coach, which provides exclusive transport services to residents living in private housing estates—has emerged in Hong Kong. What was the background underlying the emergence and subsequent growth of residents’ coach services? Also, what was the role of residents’ coach in the public transport system of Hong Kong? With the completion of more railway extensions, should residents’ coach services be replaced? If so, what are the potential impacts on people’s life? This paper addresses the above research questions through a large-scale questionnaire survey that examined not only people’s modal choice but also their residential choice, socio-economic background and attitudes. The findings suggest that transport policy makers should pay more attention to examine new forms of paratransit and the ways of integrating them into the overall public transport system, both spatially and temporally. It is only through the development of an efficient and multi-modal transport system can the maximum potential of paratransit in filling the transport gap between conventional mass transit and private cars be realized.