水泥型羟基磷灰石人工骨的制备及性能分析

目的　制备水泥型羟基磷灰石人工骨 ,并进行性能分析。方法　高温法制备出磷酸四钙 ,然后在模拟体内环境下将其与无水磷酸氢钙发生水化固化反应 ,合成水泥型羟基磷灰石人工骨 ,采用X线衍射、吸水率、孔隙率测量及力学测试进行性能分析 ,并采用扫描电镜观察细胞因子在复合骨块内的分布情况。结果　该人工骨主要成分为低结晶度的羟基磷灰石 ;微观结构呈针状或花瓣状晶体构成 ,微孔直径为 4～ 10 μm ,孔隙相互交通 ;平均密度为 1.92 2 g·cm- 3;平均吸水率为 15 .5 0 3% ;孔隙率为 2 9.777% ;耐压强度为 4 2 .7MPa。结论　本研究所制人工骨具有三维空间结构 ,力学性能符合人体非负重骨植骨要求。     

隐Markov决策模型

讨论Markov决策问题中样本与不可观测状态之间的关系问题。引进了避错特征函数的概念，利用隐Markov过程的结构和Markov决策模型建立了隐Markov决策模型。并进一步讨论了状态估计和阶段收益函数。     

Performance analysis of AF relaying based on water-filling power allocation over Nakagami-<Emphasis Type="Italic">m</Emphasis> fading

This paper investigates exact performance of an amplify-and-forward (AF) relay system based on water-filling power allocation in Nakagami-m fading environment, where m is a nonnegative integer plus one half. We first offer the cumulative distribution function (CDF) and probability density function (PDF) of the received signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at a destination. Then outage probability, moments of SNR, higher-order statistics of the capacity are explicitly conducted. Especially, average symbol error rate (SER) under an additive white generalized Gaussian noise (AWGGN) is developed for water-filling power allocation scheme. While the average SER subjected by an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) can be regarded as a special case. Finally, all theoretical formulas are truly attested by various simulation results.     

减小斜拉桥双边箱主梁剪力滞效应构造措施研究

针对五河口斜拉桥双边箱形主梁的特点,应用空间有限元法对各种荷载工况下其主梁剪力滞效应及影响因素进行了研究,得出了宽幅主梁斜拉桥剪力滞效应的基本规律。据此,分析对比了减小斜拉桥双边箱主梁剪力滞效应的构造措施,为同类型桥梁设计施工提供参考。     

新龙门隧道射流通风与污染物浓度的数值分析

提出了按具有运动污染源一维非恒定流模型计算隧道内气流速度和污染物浓度分布的方法，并对新龙门隧道进行了数值模拟，阐述了内燃机产生的有害气体的危害及组成成分，并按牵引功率计算出排污量；分析了影响污染浓度分布的各种因素。对列车在洞内交会地点、射流风机工作时间及风机的送风方向进行了综合比较，提出了有利工况。     

Heuristics for the identical machine scheduling problem with preventive maintenances

In this paper, two mixed integer programming models integrating production scheduling and preventive maintenances are proposed to derive the optimal solutions for the identical machine scheduling problem with unavailability constraints. In the first model, the maintenance activities are performed periodically and the objective is to minimize the makespan. In the second model, the maintenance activities are flexible and the machines’ continuous working time cannot exceed a maximum allowed time T; the objective is to minimize the total completion time of jobs. For the first problem, we propose a heuristic longest batch time (LBT) and prove that the worst case error bound of LBT is 2. For the second problem, we develop a heuristic modified smallest processing time (MSPT) based on some properties of the optimal solutions. Computational experiments show that both of the heuristics are effective and efficient compared with the results obtained by CPLEX and the other algorithms.     

Hardware architecture design of block-matching and 3D-filtering denoising algorithm

Block-matching and 3D-filtering(BM3D) is a state of the art denoising algorithm for image/video,which takes full advantages of the spatial correlation and the temporal correlation of the video. The algorithm performance comes at the price of more similar blocks finding and filtering which bring high computation and memory access. Area, memory bandwidth and computation are the major bottlenecks to design a feasible architecture because of large frame size and search range. In this paper, we introduce a novel structure to increase data reuse rate and reduce the internal static-random-access-memory(SRAM) memory. Our target is to design a phase alternating line(PAL) or real-time processing chip of BM3 D. We propose an application specific integrated circuit(ASIC) architecture of BM3 D for a 720 × 576 BT656 PAL format. The feature of the chip is with 100 MHz system frequency and a 166-MHz 32-bit double data rate(DDR). When noise is σ = 25, we successfully realize real-time denoising and achieve about 10 d B peak signal to noise ratio(PSNR) advance just by one iteration of the BM3 D algorithm.     

Study on Oxidation Activity of CuCeZrO<Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">x</Emphasis></Subscript> Doped with K for Diesel Engine Particles in NO/O<Subscript>2</Subscript>

CuCeZrO_x and KCuCeZrO_x catalysts were synthesized and coated on the blank diesel particulate filter (DPF) substrate and a particulate matter (PM) loading apparatus was used for soot loading. The catalytic performances of soot oxidation were evaluated by temperature programmed combustion (TPC) test and characterization tests were conducted to investigate the physicochemical properties of the catalysts. The reaction mechanism in the oxidation process was analyzed with diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy. The results demonstrated that CuCeZrO_x catalyst exhibited high activities of soot oxidation at low temperature and the best results have been attained with Cu_0.9Ce_0.05Zr_0.05O_x over which the maximum soot oxidation rate decreased to 410 °C. Characterization tests have shown that catalysts containing 90% Cu have uniformly distributed grains and small particle sizes, which provide excellent oxidation activity by providing more active sites and forming a good bond between the catalyst and the soot. The low-temperature oxidation activity of soot could be further optimized due to the excellent elevated NO’s conversion rate by partially substituting Cu with K. The maximum particle oxidation rate can be easily realized at such a low temperature as 347°C.     

Vehicle trajectory challenge in predictive active steering rollover prevention

High center of mass vehicles are likely to rollover in extreme maneuvers. Available works present control strategies to prevent rollover. In these works, however, other important parameters such as path trajectory tracking are not a main concern. In this paper conflicts between rollover prevention and trajectory tracking is investigated. Model predictive control (MPC) is adopted to predict and avoid rollover while tracking desired trajectory. For this regard a model based future error estimation is introduced. The control framework predicts both rollover and trajectory error simultaneously. It avoids rollover while tries to track the trajectory. Simulation results for two controllers with and without trajectory tracking are presented. The results indicate that the controllers effectively limit rollover as a hard constraint while the trajectory tracking controller also minimizes and recovers the path error.     

Design and validation of an electro-hydraulic brake system using hardware-in-the-loop real-time simulation

This paper presents a novel electric booster (E-booster) that exibits superior performance advantages over traditional vacuum boosters. The proposed E-booster, consisting of an electric motor and a ball screw assembly, is designed for electro-hydraulic brake (EHB) systems to meet relevant requirements for electric vehicles and active safety technologies. A mathematical model for an EHB system is generated to determine the desired values of the parameters for the E-booster prototype using numerical simulation in MATLAB. Simulation results of the EHB system with the virtual E-booster demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the innovative technique. Built upon the results derived from the numerical simualtions, an integrated algorithm based on the Kalman filter and a sliding mode control technique is designed to control the E-booster motor and to implement the brake booster function. A hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) real-time simulation system equipped with the E-booster prototype is developed. HIL real-time simulations are conducted to evaluate the proposed algorithm. The HIL real-time simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm generates booster brake forces fast, and forces the ball nut to track the push rod well to ensure comfortable brake pedal feel.