先进的单人驾驶船舶技术

随着船舶设计与制造技术的不断进步,继周期性无人机舱技术之后,又一种先进的船舶技术--单人驾驶船舶(one man bridgeoperated ship)技术已经成熟并受到世界航运界的关注和欢迎.     

满足稳定性的船舶板架结构的可靠性分析

以I型截面为例，考虑屈服应力和外载荷为随机变量，并满足稳定性条件下，对板架结构进行可靠性分析。采用随机有限元法求解非线性安全余量可靠性指标及失效模式间的相关关数，为满足稳定性的板架结构的可靠性分析提供一个合理方法。最后，通过板架结构的可靠性算例，说明分析的有效性。     

LPG汽车供气系统关键部件特性研究

以某LPG/汽油两用燃料商务车为研究对象,针对其供气系统关键部件进行了性能测试。设计了供气系统喷气控制的驱动电路硬件和软件,主要对燃气喷射控制阀和蒸发减压阀的喷射精度和响应时间进行了测试试验。试验结果表明,不同气压状态下和不同供电电压下,喷气量与喷气脉冲占空比呈线性关系;燃气喷射控制阀在正常电压波动范围内工作稳定;蒸发减压阀可保持燃气喷射控制阀供气压力基本稳定。     

水下圆柱壳自由场声辐射特性的获取

  目的  为了进一步提高鱼雷通过声自导识别复杂水面目标的精度,对随机起伏海面及水面船舶运动姿态下的声散射特性进行模拟研究。  方法  基于Kirchhoff近似和六自由度运动分解合成的方法,建立水面船舶目标多路径声散射简化预报模型。在该模型中,海面波浪对船舶六自由度运动幅度和周期的影响由经验统计值描述,通过旋转矩阵和平移矩阵,实现目标各顶点在连续运动状态下的坐标变换。基于此,利用所建预报模型,分析不同水平探测角下船舶六自由度运动分别对声散射特性的贡献度和影响。  结果  研究表明：横摇和艏摇对正横探测方位角的声散射影响较大,纵摇对艏、艉向声散射影响较大。此外,建立了船舶运动姿态与目标声散射回波特性的关系。  结论  研究结果可为声呐设备对水面目标主动声探测提供技术支撑。     

富水区隧道环向盲管间距优化分析北大核心CSCD

富水区隧道涌水遵循“以堵为主、防排结合”的处置原则,其中排水体系构建的合理性是隧道安全施工与良好运营的关键因素。首先分析隧道排水体系,揭示其工作原理,然后利用FLAC 3D有限差分软件,对鸿图特长隧道富水断层区设置的不同环向盲管间距进行三维流固耦合模拟,通过分析渗水压力、锚杆受力及涌水量,揭示塑性区体积及分布区域特征。研究结果表明:沿隧道轴向,支护结构孔隙水压力大致呈周期性分布,其周期近似等于环向盲管纵向间距;加密环向盲管,在降低支护结构受力并减小塑性区体积的同时,会增加隧道排水量;随环向盲管间距的增大,注浆加固圈塑性区首先出现在围岩好的区域,断层区出现塑性区最晚;断层区锚杆加固效果较差,可通过减小钢拱架环向间距以提高结构刚度,使注浆加固圈沿轴向受力更合理。综合考虑各种因素,建议在建工程断层区环向盲管间距设置为3 m,断层附近区间距为4 m。     

Autonomous vehicles in mixed motorway traffic: capacity utilisation,impact and policy implications

In upcoming years, the introduction of autonomous vehicles (AVs) will reshape the transport system. The transition from a regular to an autonomous transport system, however, will take place over many years and lead to a long period with a mixed driving environment where AVs and regular vehicles (RVs) operate side by side. The purpose of this study is to investigate how the utilisation of the road capacity degrades as a function of heterogeneity in congested motorways. The analysis is based on a dedicated traffic simulator, which enables the investigation of complex dynamic spillback from congestion while allowing for different degrees of heterogeneity. The representation of autonomous vehicles is based on a modified intelligent driver model (IIDM) presented by Treiber et al. (Phys Rev E 62(2):1805–1824, 2000) and Treiber and Kesting (Traffic flow dynamics, Springer, Heidelberg, 2013), while the behaviour of drivers of RVs relies on a stochastic version of the IIDM. Three main conclusions stand out. Firstly, it is shown that in an idealised environment in which AVs operate alone, a substantially improved capacity utilisation can be attained. Secondly, when drivers of RVs are mixed with AVs, capacity utilisation degrades very fast as a function of the share of RVs. Thirdly, it is shown that the improved capacity utilisation of AVs comes in the form of reduced travel time and increased throughput, with indications that travel time reductions are the most important. From a strategical planning perspective, the results underline that dedicated lanes are preferable to attain the positive effects of AVs. Specifically, we compare a stylised situation with three lanes with a share of 33% AVs to a situation with two regular lanes and a single dedicated AV lane. The latter represents a tripling in consumer surplus all other things being equal.

     

On global behavior of the system of rational difference equations xn+1=p+xn/yn-k,yn+1=q+yn/xn-k

In this paper, we investigate the boundedness character, the global attractivity and the periodic nature of the svstem of ratiol difference equatious:xn+1=p+yn-k/xn,yn+1=q+xn-k/yn,n=0,1,2..., where p>0, q>0, k∈ of the system of rational difference equations:xn+1=P+yn-k/xn, yn=q+xn-k/yn,n=0,1,2 {1,2,…} and the initial values x1, y1∈(0,∞), i=- k, -k+1,… 0. Some new results are obtained.     

基于PLC网络的舰船动力系统仿真训练模拟器研究

针对舰船动力系统的特点,介绍了基于以太网的训练模拟器的硬件、软件构成及设计方法.模拟器的监控系统界面采用组态软件开发,通过OPC协议与仿真模型软件进行数据交换;以可编程逻辑控制器(PLC)为基础设计接口系统,PLC与仿真计算机组成星形网络结构,提高和保证了整个系统的可靠性.实际应用表明,该仿真训练系统稳定、可靠,可扩展性好.     

基于单浮标的水下运载体定位建模与仿真

在运动受力分析的基础上建立了浮标水下无动力运动弹道数学模型,编写Matlab程序实现了弹道仿真,获得了浮标在水下运载体右正横方向上的位移,并基于此建立了运载体水下定位模型,最后针对此模型对水下运载体的定位误差进行了初步分析,其定位误差满足一般水下运载体导航要求．     

油运危机的蓝海战略

茅士家,中海发展股份有限公司董事总经理,同时身兼中海油轮公司总经理.1974年,茅士家先生毕业于上海海运学院,主修航海.