大功率交流传动电力机车应用适应性研究

随着我国铁路快速发展,对机车性能的要求越来越高。介绍大功率交流传动电力机车的特点、适用范围及发展情况,并进行技术经济比较,认为大功率交流传动电力机车有助于我国铁路的发展。     

JJG 140-98《铁路罐车容积》简介

探讨了JJG140—98《铁路罐车容积》在适用范围、名词术语、技术要求和检定条件、检定项目和检定方法等方面需要进一步完善的问题。     

振动减速带的速度控制效果研究

车速是影响道路交通安全的一个重要因素,提高速度控制技术的功效,对于改善道路安全性具有重要的意义。文章通过对振动减速带的车辆速度进行观测和分析,评价了速度控制设施的减速效果。     

水稳混合料最大干密度及最佳含水量的理论求算

文章通过对最大水泥填充集料空隙质量的测定,以及与此相关的变化的水泥填充集料空隙质量的计算,详细推证了水稳混合料最大干密度ρ′dmax及最佳含水量ω′0的理论公式,并结合实例数据对比分析了推证公式的准确性,同时阐述了采用推证公式应注意的事项。     

南海深水海管试压的快速判定方法

由于南海夏季海水表层与海底温差较大,管内的试压介质需与海底环境完成热量交换才可以进入规范要求的保压状态,而对于保温管道的稳压则需要更长的时间,对海上管道安装造成了很大影响。文中结合南海某油田新建管道的试压工程实例,给出了一种新的快速试压验收方法,成功解决了稳压过程中管内外海水热量交换对试压过程的干扰,明显缩短了试压时间。对于深水工程尤其基于水下设施开发的海底管道试压有借鉴意义,对工程成本的控制更显著。     

桥梁施工过程控制

分析了桥梁施工控制的因素,强调了施工管理的重要性,并详细分析研究了桥梁施工控制系统。     

基于透明土技术的桩后土拱效应特征分析

为研究圆桩后土拱效应的特征及演化过程,从细观角度开展了基于透明土技术的桩土相互作用试验研究. 首先开展了透明土配比试验,获取物理力学性质适宜的土体;其次设计了试验系统并得到透明土与桩相互作用的散斑场图像;最后通过particle image velocimetry （PIV）技术分析得到位移矢量图,进一步分析得到透明土位移变化规律. 研究结果表明:通过位移矢量图可以得到圆桩作用下土体运动趋势及土颗粒的位移特征,并可进一步解译得到位移等值线构成的拱形结构,即桩后土拱结构,呈现出抛物线形,其范围与桩径、桩间距及深度有相关性;桩径越大,土拱区域越大,桩径30 mm时,土拱高达100 mm,桩土相互作用的影响范围越大;桩间距越大拱高最大值越大,桩间距80 mm时,土拱高也达100 mm;不同深度下土拱拱高在变化趋势上有较大的相似性,深度越深,土拱的最大拱高越小,深度50 mm时,拱高60 mm;通过拟合公式得到,土拱最大拱高沿桩身方向从桩顶至桩底呈逐渐减小趋势,同时随土体位移增加,表现出先增大,后趋于一稳定值的特征,其稳定值的大小与桩径呈正相关、桩间距呈正相关及深度呈负相关.      

突发公共卫生事件下应急定制公交线路优化

考虑突发公共卫生事件下的疫情防控要求, 构建了一种应急定制公交线路优化方法; 对城市中已经封闭的小区和路段进行筛查, 并将这些小区和路段设置为应急定制公交禁行区域; 以所有应急定制公交总运行时长最短为目标, 以乘客上座率不超过安全阈值为约束, 同时考虑供需匹配, 构建了突发公共卫生事件下应急定制公交线路优化模型; 设计了遗传算法来求解该模型, 采用三段式混合编码方式进行染色体编码, 3段染色体分别由定制公交停车场编号、上车站点编号和下车站点编号组成, 运用贪婪策略解码染色体; 采用模拟案例验证了模型与算法的可行性, 并将优化结果与正常情况下基于相同客运任务的定制公交线路优化方案进行了对比。研究结果表明: 在完成相同客运任务的情况下, 应急定制公交线路所需车辆数比正常情况下多2辆, 车辆的总运行时长也比正常情况下增加6.997 h; 正常情况下的定制公交线路优化模型不能直接用于突发公共卫生事件场景, 针对应急场景构建的定制公交线路优化模型与算法能从众多备选方案中快速计算得到优化方案, 不仅能满足防疫要求, 还能满足人们的出行需求。      

Multi-scale simulation for the forming of a heavy vessel head considering the evolution of defects and microstructure

The head of nuclear pressure vessel is a key component to guarantee the safety of nuclear power plant, so it is necessary to improve its mechanical properties during manufacturing. In the practical production, due to the huge size of the ingots from which the head is manufactured, coarse grains and voids are common defects existing in the material. Furthermore, cracks may appear in the forming process. It is highly demanded that the forming process must be properly designed with suitable parameters to compact the voids, to refine and homogenize the grains and to avoid cracks. Therefore, the research on the evolution of internal voids, grain size and cracks is very important to determine the forming process of huge components. SA508-3 steel is the material to manufacture the head of pressure vessel in the nuclear island. In the previous studies, we have separately built models to evaluate the evolution of internal voids, grain size and cracks during the hot forming process for SA508-3 steel. This study integrates the models for multi-scale simulation of the forging process of the head of nuclear pressure vessel in order to control the quality of the forgings. Through the software development, the models are integrated with a commercial finite element code DEFORM. Then, the extended forging and final forging processes of the head are investigated, and some appropriate deformation parameters are recommended.     

A simple method to solve the network congestion for spitial architcture

Scheduling algorithm always plays an important role in the spatial architecture for the contradiction between the finite network bandwidth and the abundant execution resources. This article provides a simple method to solve the contention for network resource in one of the spatial architecture, i.e. the tera-op, reliable, intelligently adaptive processing system (TRIPS) processor. The method improves the performance of network by increasing the bypass bandwidth which can transmit the data in the internal of every execution unit, and converting the proportion of remote communication by the deep scheduling algorithm. The deeply optimized algorithm is realized to verify the validity of the method, and the performance increase 9% for floating point spec2000 benchmark is got.