Urban transportation modeling: The discussion continues

This article is a response to John Polak's article, entitled, A Comment on Supernak's Critique of Transport Modeling, published elsewhere in this issue of TRANSPORTATION. It offers necessary clarifications to the issues discussed in an earlier article in this journal (Supernak, 1983). It also responds to the philosophical issues discussed in Polak's article, such as the nature of transport phenomena, and the role, form and methodology of transport modeling.     

Regional impacts of new transport infrastructure: a multisectoral potentials approach

This is the second of two background papers sponsored for the Symposium by the Administrative Commission for the north of the Netherlands. Its purpose is to provide an indication of the effects of the proposed high speed rail line between Amsterdam, Groningen and Hamburg on employment in the corridor. The authors first review the techniques of forecasting these effects discussed in the literature. The potentials approach is adopted for their analysis, the mathematics and underlying assumptions of which are presented. Finally, this model is run to provide an estimate of the impact on regional employment of three variants of the proposed rail line.     

The design of bus route systems — An interactive location-allocation approach

An interactive modelling approach is developed to solve the practical problem of bus route network design. Possible bus routes are identified with facilities which can be located. Zones or pairs of zones in the urban area are identified with customers who will be allocated to the established facilities. It is shown that the classical Set Covering Problem is useful under the assumption of fixed demand; the Simple Plant Location Problem is effective under the assumption of demand which is sensitive to the level of bus service provided.     

城市轨道交通项目建设条件指标研究

针对申报建设城市轨道交通的项目,系统研究高峰小时单向最大断面客流量、线路各期客运强度、规划建设期内地方政府资本金出资额占地方一般预算财政收入的比例以及全部出资额占城市维护建设财政性资金的比例等4个项目建设条件指标,为我国城市轨道交通近期建设规划、近期项目比选上报和评估提供参考依据。     

人类仿真技术在铁路系统中的应用

摘要：对应用于铁路人机工程学的人类仿真方法进行了总结,即一种仿真器是采用虚拟现实技术来模拟环境,例如驾驶仿真器、乘坐舒适度仿真器、铁路车站仿真器等。另一类仿真器则采用计算机仿真技术来评价列车司机工作时承受的精神负担、列车碰撞引起的旅客运动方式及损伤等。     

岩溶区深埋隧道围岩力学特性分析

建立溶洞—隧道体系的围岩力学特性理论分析模型,采用Schwarz交替法推导既有溶洞条件下开挖深埋隧道时围岩应力和变形的解析解。以齐岳山铁路隧道为例,将围岩力学特性的解析结果与有限元数值结果进行对比,验证了模型解析解推导过程的准确性。分析结果表明:溶洞的存在使隧道开挖过程中围岩产生了偏压现象,靠近溶洞一侧的围岩产生了明显的竖向应力集中,两侧水平应力则差别不大;靠近溶洞一侧围岩产生了更大的水平位移,两侧最大值之比约为1.7;随着溶洞与隧道净距的增大,偏压现象逐渐减弱,净距大于1.5倍溶洞直径时,可以忽略溶洞对深埋隧道围岩应力的影响。     

《地铁设计规范》问与答(15)

问题44 某地下车站上盖商住楼,车站站厅层两侧为该工程项目的地下一层,设计为商场。现该项目设计拟在站厅两边侧墙上各开一排门洞,使商场与地铁连通,门洞处设防火卷帘,火灾时将两者隔断,这样处理能否满足《地铁设计规范》的相关要求？     

聚脲涂层舷侧板架抗撞性能试验研究

针对船舶舷侧结构抗碰撞问题,开展有无聚脲涂层舷侧板架落锤试验研究。以某型舰船结构为依据建立舷侧板架有限元模型,利用瞬态动力学软件MSC/Dytran对模型进行数值仿真并确定落锤高度及试验工况。在此基础上,制作模型板架进行有无聚脲涂层舷侧板架落锤冲击试验,分别获得有涂层和无涂层舷侧板架在碰撞冲击载荷作用下的损伤变形、破口大小及碰撞力,对比研究聚脲材料的抗撞防护性能。结果表明,聚脲涂层的存在能够加强舷侧板架的耐撞防护性能。     

振荡浮子式波能发电浮堤一体化装置性能研究

文章提出一种带消波水道的方箱型浮式防波堤与振荡浮子式波浪能发电一体化装置概念设计方案,应用ANSYS Fluent软件,通过锚泊线准静态法、多体耦合动力学理论与Newmark-β法对一体化装置进行耦合水动力计算,分析不同阻尼及水道构型参数对集成系统消波与俘能效率的影响.结果 表明,在阻尼选取区间内,线性等效电磁阻尼的俘能效率整体上大于Coulomb等效液压阻尼,增加浮子质量或增加线性阻尼系数,均可提升一体化装置的俘能效率,而对消波性能影响甚微.减小出口宽度,对俘能效率的提升有利并能提升消波性能.当消波水道入口完全浸没于水下时,俘能效率相对更高,消波效果更优.这种新颖的一体化装置构型为后续相关的消波与波浪能转换耦合水动力模型研究提供了思路与借鉴.     

Research on the Influence of Vertical Deformation of Bridge on the Track RegularityEI北大核心

Research purposes: The vertical deformation of high-speed railway (HSR) bridge will cause the track irregularity, which threatens the safe and efficient operation of the HSR. Taking the 32 m simple supported beam bridge as the research object, based on the existing mapping analytical model for bridge vertical deformation and rail geometry, the influence of the track regularity of the CRTS Ⅰ slab ballastless track structure caused by the key parameters such as the bridge vertical deformation amplitude, the hanging length of the beam end and the vertical stiffness of mortar layer were studied, and the corresponding measures to control the rail deformation were proposed, to provide theoretical reference for comprehensive treatment of rail deformation of HSR bridge. Research conclusions:(1) The pier settlement, the vertical rotation of the beam end and the beam fault will cause the rail to follow the beam deformation, and "up-warping" of the rail on the vertical deformation boundary will appear. (2) The rail deformation is directly proportional to the vertical deformation amplitude of the bridge and the key to control the rail deformation is to reduce the vertical deformation of the bridge. (3) The rail deformation can be controlled by reducing the hanging length of beam and vertical stiffness of mortar layer. (4) The research results can provide a theoretical reference for controlling the vertical rail deformation of high-speed railway bridges. © 2018, Editorial Department of Journal of Railway Engineering Society. All right reserved.