港珠澳大桥珠澳口岸人工岛填海工程总平面优化设计

为降低港珠澳大桥珠澳口岸人工岛工可总平面布置的阻水率,巧妙利用澳门明珠陆域向东突出的地形地貌,调整珠海接线人工岛布置,使珠澳口岸人工岛的阻水横断面减少了37%,同时使珠海接线人工岛的费用减少、工期缩短、施工难度降低。港珠澳大桥珠澳口岸人工岛填海工程总平面因地制宜的优化设计思路及方法获得了初步设计专家评审会的肯定,可为类似河口区临近大陆人工岛平面布置提供有益的参考。     

小清河航道通航水位确定

航道通航水位是工程中主要技术参数,是影响工程造价的重要因素。《内河通航标准》中明确规定对综合利用渠道以及设闸运河应综合分析确定航道通航水位。本文通过分析小清河航道水文状况,并结合其行洪、排涝的主要功能和河道、滩地的实际情况,确定航道通航特征水位,为类似航道提供了一些建议。     

Phase change analysis of an underwater glider propelled by the ocean's thermal energy

The phase change characteristic of the power source of an underwater glider propelled by the ocean's thermal energy is the key factor in glider attitude control. A numerical model has been established based on the enthalpy method to analyze the phase change heat transfer process under convective boundary conditions. Phase change is not an isothermal process,but one that occurs at a range of temperature. The total melting time of the material is very sensitive to the surrounding temperature. When the temperature of the surroundings decreases 8 degrees,the total melting time increases 1.8 times. But variations in surrounding temperature have little effect on the initial temperature of phase change,and the slope of the temperature time history curve remains the same. However,the temperature at which phase change is completed decreases significantly. Our research shows that the phase change process is also affected by container size,boundary conditions,and the power source's cross sectional area. Materials stored in 3 cylindrical containers with a diameter of 38mm needed the shortest phase change time. Our conclusions should be helpful in effective design of underwater glider power systems.     

八盘岭隧道新型防排水材料的应用

通过八盘岭隧道防排水系统与传统防排水系统的比较,介绍了新型排水材料在隧道中的应用,并分析了新型排水材料的社会和经济效益.     

路基土动态模量试验研究

采用UTM-100动态伺服液压材料试验系统,对路基土进行室内三轴重复加载试验,测试路基土动态回弹模量,分析了含水量、侧向应力、偏应力对回弹模量的影响关系,为制定路基土动态回弹模量的测试方法和取值标准提供了参考.     

超空泡航行体加速过程流动特性研究

超空泡航行体加速过程是航行体进入高速巡航状态的重要阶段。为了深入了解超空泡航行体加速过程中的流动特性,文中采用基于欧拉两流体模型的CFD方法以及基于相对运动的源项法对超空泡航行体全沾湿加速过程、通气加速过程进行了数值模拟,其中全沾湿过程主要研究了加速过程附加质量变化规律,通气加速过程研究了通气量、重力效应以及航行体攻角对空泡发展速度的影响。研究结果表明全沾湿加速过程中由于加速度较大,附加惯性力影响不能忽略;通气量、航行体攻角对超空泡生成速度均有较大影响,当速度达到50 m/s以上时,重力效应对空泡生成速度影响可以忽略。     

CFD Analysis of Ship-to-Ship Hydrodynamic Interaction

A numerical study of ship-to-ship interaction forces is performed using a commercial CFD code, and the results are compared with experimental data and with the results of a panel method analysis. Two ship models have been used in the interaction forces analysis: a tug and a tanker, advancing parallel to each other with different lateral distances and two different values of the fluid depth. Computations are carried out with four different flow models: inviscid and viscous flow with the free surface modeled as a rigid wall and inviscid and viscous flow with the deformable free surface. A fair agreement was obtained with available experimental data and results obtained by panel method. The influence of viscosity in the computations is found to be comparatively weak, while the wavemaking effects may be important, at small magnitude of the horizontal clearance.     

Factors associated with home-based e-working and e-shopping in Nanjing,China

The widespread adoption of information and communication technology has facilitated frequent e-activities in people’s daily life. From the perspective of individual’s time use on e-working and e-shopping at home, this paper aims to enhance our understanding of the function of home beyond a living space for family life. Using a household survey of 608 full-time paid employees who conducted e-activities at home in Nanjing, China, we investigated the characteristics and patterns of home-based e-working and e-shopping. Only 7.9% of the respondents neither e-shopped nor e-worked at home. We find that the socio-demographic context, Internet use habits, attitudes towards e-working/e-shopping, and geographical accessibility have influenced the patterns of home-based e-working and e-shopping. The results indicate that the rich e-activities taking place at home have changed the time use at home and reinforced the function of home as a multifunctional hub.     

Relationship between well-being and daily time use of elderly: evidence from the disabilities and use of time survey

According to US Census Bureau, the number of individuals in the age group above 65 years is expected to increase by more than 100% from the year 2000 to 2030. It is anticipated that increasing elderly population will put unforeseen demands on the transportation infrastructure due to the atypical mobility and travel needs of the elderly. Consequently, transportation professionals have attempted to understand the travel behavior of the elderly including the trip frequency, trip distance and mode choice decisions. Majority of the research on elderly travel behavior have focused on the mobility outcomes with limited research into understanding the tradeoffs made by this population segment in terms of their in-home and out-of-home activity engagement choices. The goal of the current research is to contribute to this line of inquiry by simultaneously exploring the daily activity engagement choices of the elderly Americans including their in-home and out-of-home activity participation (what activities to pursue) and time alloocation (duration of each activity) decisions while accounting for the temporal constraints. Further, the study attempts to explore the relationship between physical and subjective well-being and daily activity engagement decisions of the elderly; where subjective well-being is derived from reported needs satisfaction with life and different domains of it. To this end, data from the Disabilities and Use of Time survey of Panel Study of Income Dynamics was used to estimate a panel version of MDCEV model. In addition to person- and household-level demographic variables, activity participation and time use choices of elderly were found to vary across different levels of reported physical and subjective well-being measures. The model estimation results were plausible and provide interesting insights into the activity engagement choices of the elderly with implications for transportation policy development. Among other socio-demographic variables, living arrangements (living with family versus in elderly homes) were found to have significant influence on how people participate into different in-home versus out-of-home activities. For example, elderly living in the elderly home were found to participate more into out-of-home activities compared to people living with families. Elderly with disabilities were found to compensate lower participation into out-of-home activities with more participation into in-home activities. Considerable heterogeneity was observed in time engagement behavior of the elderly across reported levels of satisfaction with finance, job and cognitive needs. For example, elderly expressing high satisfaction with job was found to spend less time in in-home social activities. Elderly reporting higher satisfaction with finance were found to spend more time into OH social and shopping activities.     

水翼参数对水翼复合小水线面双体船纵向运动性能的影响

以静排水量为400 t的水翼复合小水线面双体船HYSWATH为研究对象,对其纵向运动性能进行数值模拟,将理论计算结果与模型试验结果进行对比分析,验证CFD理论计算方法的可靠性。并且以此为基础,研究水翼参数变化对HYSWATH纵向运动性能的影响,为后续该类船舶的设计提供理论参考。