盖梁穿钢棒法施工应用的分析

桥梁无支架施工作为一种能缩短施工时间,减少桥梁附属工程工作量的施工方法,已经在公路桥梁施工中大量运用。文中从实例出发,对穿钢棒的结构、受力计算、穿钢棒法施工盖梁工艺等做了详细分析。     

液力缓速器叶片倾角对容量系数的影响分析

根据能量平衡方程计算了叶片倾角与容量系数的数值关系,基于CAD和CFD技术,建立了缓速器工作流道的三维模型,采用RNG k-ε湍流模型模拟工作轮内部流场,分析了叶片倾角为40°,50°和60°时液体的翼面静压和湍流动能的分布规律,并利用有限体积法计算得到容量系数的数值.研究表明：叶片倾角为50°时,容量系数数值最小,其原因是叶片冲击引起的湍流最强,液流阻力最大.     

基于人均延误的公交优先信号交叉口配时研究

以交叉口人均延误最小为目标,考虑公交专用道影响因素,利用延误偏差优度指数建立信号配时优化模型。结合实例,实现定时控制交叉口参数确定过程,并得到参数与延误偏差优度指数的关系。该配时方案能有效减少人均延误,为进一步发展公交优先及提高交叉口通行能力提供理论依据。     

重型弹性安装设备非标冲击试验考核方法研究

根据现行的舰船设备抗冲击试验考核标准GJB150.18-86,质量大于2.7 t的重型设备需在标准浮动冲击平台(以下简称浮台)上进行冲击试验考核,合格后方可装舰。对于给定时域冲击载荷的重型弹性安装设备的试验考核,则是一个需要解决的问题。该文首先采用目前描述冲击或作用在设备上的瞬态载荷最为广泛的间接方法即冲击谱方法对此时域载荷进行了描述,并将其与浮台冲击谱进行了比较,采用安装频率处谱值等效的方法来确定时域载荷和浮台冲击谱对考核结果是否具备一致性。接着,对一重型弹性安装设备在浮台上按照设计载荷的要求进行了试验,发现浮台低频段由于气泡脉动的影响在其倍频程处呈现振荡效应,影响设备低频段响应的主要因素包括气泡脉动频率、设备安装频率和气泡驱动因子等。最后,通过设置合理的工况,达到了预期的要求。     

格子Boltzmann方法在串列双圆柱绕流数值模拟中的应用研究

基于格子Boltzmann方法,对二维静止串列双圆柱绕流进行了数值模拟,并将模拟结果与已有研究结果进行了对比分析。为提高计算效率和计算精度,采用了多块网格耦合算法,并在圆柱曲边界处采用了较为精确的边界处理方法。提取了圆柱的升阻力系数,讨论了圆柱间距对圆柱受力情况和尾流特征的影响。数值模拟在雷诺数Re=200条件下进行,对两圆柱中心间距为1.5~4.0D(D为圆柱直径)之间的典型间距进行了数值模拟,获得了圆柱升阻力系数以及尾流中涡和流线的变化,验证了临界间距的存在,模拟结果和已有研究结果符合得较好。     

Employability skills of maritime business graduates: industry perspectives

The maritime industry underpins international business and world trade. As to be expected, business management is critical for the maritime industry, requiring highly trained individuals and teams to lead the development, implementation and control of sound contemporary management practices. Maritime business degrees are developed by universities to meet such demand by providing graduates with sufficient skills for the onshore business-related roles. This empirical study conducted in Australia, USA and Canada, investigates current and future industry employability skills for maritime business graduates through focus groups, individual interviews and an online survey with senior managers in maritime organisations. This study found the important employability skills for maritime business graduates which include communication, problem solving, adaptability, self-management, team work, and digital literacy and technology. Demand for digital literacy and technology knowledge and skills have increased due to the maritime industry having a trend of moving towards digitalisation and automation. However, the survey findings revealed that a skills focus for maritime business graduates will not be the technology itself but the use and management of technology. In relation to future skills/knowledge required from maritime business degree graduates in 10 years’ time, communication and adaptability are recognised as being the most important. Employers expect that maritime business graduates should be able to adopt new technology and be competent in communication, and be more adaptable given the highly dynamic nature of the maritime industry. Moreover, they require graduates to be equipped with a higher level of computer skills, have a strong work ethic and multilingual skills.     

A mixed Bayesian network for two-dimensional decision modeling of departure time and mode choice

The modeling of travel decision making has been a popular topic in transportation planning. Previous studies focused on random-utility discrete choice models and machine learning methods. This paper proposes a new modeling approach that utilizes a mixed Bayesian network (BN) for travel decision inference. The authors use a predetermined BN structure and calculate priori and posterior probability distributions of the decision alternatives based on the observed explanatory variables. As a “utility-free” decision inference method, the BN model releases the linear structure in the utility function but assumes the traffic level of service variables follow multivariate Gaussian distribution conditional on the choice variable. A real-world case study is conducted by using the regional travel survey data for a two-dimensional decision modeling of both departure time choice and travel mode choice. The results indicate that a two-dimensional mixed BN provides better accuracy than decision tree models and nested logit models. In addition, one can derive continuous elasticity with respect to each continuous explanatory variable for sensitivity analysis. This new approach addresses a research gap in probabilistic travel decision making modeling as well as two-dimensional travel decision modeling.     

水翼参数对水翼复合小水线面双体船纵向运动性能的影响

以静排水量为400 t的水翼复合小水线面双体船HYSWATH为研究对象,对其纵向运动性能进行数值模拟,将理论计算结果与模型试验结果进行对比分析,验证CFD理论计算方法的可靠性。并且以此为基础,研究水翼参数变化对HYSWATH纵向运动性能的影响,为后续该类船舶的设计提供理论参考。     

斜拉索-磁流变阻尼器多性能约束下的减振控制算法

提出一种极点和方差指标约束下的斜拉索-磁流变减振控制算法。基于Halmiton原理与切比雪夫级数求解方法建立斜拉索-阻尼器减振控制系统状态空间方程。以极点表达减振控制快速性和稳定性约束,以方差表达小振幅和振速约束,基于凸优化理论,给出满足相容快速性、稳定性、小振幅以及振速指标约束下的磁流变半主动减振控制算法。最后,以某斜拉桥C20号斜拉索为例进行仿真验证。结果表明,给出的减振控制算法能保证斜拉索在随机外界激励下的快速性稳定性,且有效抑制拉索的振幅,减振效果良好。     

取水工程对港内水流条件及泥沙回淤的影响

针对取水工程对港池内水流及泥沙影响问题,以黄骅港综合港区港池取水工程为例,通过在分析工程区域自然条件和泥沙条件的基础上建立三维数学模型的方法,从潮流、泥沙角度分析各取水方案对港池内水流条件和泥沙回淤的影响。结果表明:取水工程实施后整个港池内流速均不大,除取水口外,流速均在0.1 m/s以下。取水工程不会造成周边水域泥沙场的改变,对进港航道及港池淤积影响不大。取水工程实施后在设计最大取水流量范围内不会影响港口的正常运行。