超限转锁的技术改造

随着中国成功加入世界贸易组织以及我国西部大开发工程的深入进行,集装箱公司接卸超限箱的数量大幅度增加,如何保证超限箱装卸的安全和快捷逐渐成为突出问题。超限箱作业中极为重要的环节就是超限工属具的使用,因此怎样使超限工属具操作更加安全和方便,怎样提高超限工属具的使用寿命成为解决问题的关键。     

雾化液滴尺寸和速度分布函数的推导

为了增强雾化液滴质量和热量的传递,有效预测与评价喷雾质量,应用最大熵原理和动量守恒定律推导出了新的雾化液滴尺寸和速度的概率密度分布函数,包括数目分布函数、数目微分分布函数、体积分布函数、体积微分分布函数与总体积公式。当不考虑速度分布时,推导的喷雾液滴尺寸分布与曹建明先前推导的尺寸分布具有完全相同的形式,其分布函数是Nukiyama-Tanasawa型雾化液滴尺寸分布函数的一种特定形式,推导结果具有普适意义。     

客车空调智能控制系统的研制

基于模糊控制技术的客车窄调智能控制系统以AT89C52为微处理器,对车内外的温度、车内湿度以及车内空气中二氧化碳含量进行自动巡回监测,将测量结果送入串行模数转换器TLC1543转换成数字量送入单片机,通过计算输出相应的控制信号控制各个风门电机、热水阀、加湿阀和空气净化器进行协调动作,将车内空气控制在人体感觉舒适的范围内。     

Estimation of delay variability at signalized intersections for urban arterial performance evaluation

Urban arterial performance evaluation has been broadly studied, with the major focus on average travel time estimation. However, in view of the stochastic nature of interrupted flow, the ability to capture the characteristics of travel time variability has become a critical step in determining arterial level of service (LOS). This article first presents a stochastic approach that integrates classic cumulative curves and probability theories in order to investigate delay variability at signalized intersections, as a dominant part of the link travel time variability. This serves as a basis for arterial travel time estimation, which can be obtained through a convolution of individual link travel time distributions. The proposed approach is then applied in the estimation of travel time along one arterial in Shanghai, China, with abundant automatic vehicle identification (AVI) data sources. The travel time variability is evaluated thoroughly at 30-min intervals, with promising results achieved in comparison to the field measurements. In addition, the estimated travel time distributions are utilized to illustrate the probability of multiple LOS ranges, namely, reliability LOS. The results provide insights into how we might achieve a more reliable and informative understanding of arterial performance.     

A proposed vision and vehicle-to-infrastructure communication-based vehicle positioning approach

It is essential to obtain accurate location of vehicles for new applications of Intelligent Transportation Systems. To remedy the defects of present Global Positioning System and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V-I) positioning technology, a new positioning approach based on vision and V-I communication is proposed. This approach aims at lane-level positioning with lower cost than conventional ones. In this approach, the position of the vehicle is represented by its lateral position (the lane number) and longitudinal position (the distance from entrance of the road) in a course coordinate system along the road; the specific lane the vehicle is occupying (the lane number) can be judged using the information of lane lines detected by vision systems; then the distance to the vehicle is obtained by a Road Side Unit (RSU) during the V-I communication; and the longitudinal position is calculated. The error of the approach on typical operating conditions is analyzed, indicating that the new approach can achieve the accuracy of less than 0.31 m for straight road and 0.58 m for typical arc road with ultra-wideband communication and ranging technologies and rational arrangement of RSUs. The feasibility of this approach is presented.     

基于发动机台架考核方法的气缸盖高周疲劳特性研究

依据发动机台架考核规范,运用疲劳强度理论,对某铸铁气缸盖进行高周疲劳强度评估。明确温度和应力随考核工况改变的变化行为,研究气缸盖各区域受工作载荷的影响状况,为缸盖寿命评估模型提供载荷边界。结合疲劳理论,在考虑材料修正的基础上进行了疲劳特性分析和损伤状况分析。分析表明,气缸盖各区域的疲劳安全系数均大于1,视为安全,但冷却钻孔区域的安全裕度较小。     

新加坡公共交通发展经验及启示

通过实际考察和走访咨询,系统地总结了新加坡的公共交通发展经验。首先介绍了新加坡对小汽车和公共交通发展采取的＂推、拉策略＂,以及新加坡公共交通的发展历程。在此基础上,对新加坡公共交通发展的成功经验进行了归纳和总结,包括管理机制、公共交通设施建设、公共交通运营系统、政策法规等方面的内容。结合我国城市交通发展的现状和特点,对城市公共交通的发展提出了措施和建议。     

饲料加硼对摄入过量氟的实验大鼠骨损伤的预防作用

目的探讨饲料加硼对过量氟摄入的大鼠骨损伤的预防作用。方法24只4-5周龄Sprague-Dawley(SD)大鼠分为:对照组(喂饲基础饲料,饮蒸馏水)、过量氟组[喂饲基础饲料,饮含100mg/LF-(氟化钠221mg/L的蒸馏水)]、硼预防组(喂饲加硼饲料,饮含100mg/LF-的蒸馏水)。实验3月后测量大鼠血清氟、硼含量及血清碱性磷酸酶(alkaline phosphatase,AKP)活性、骨氟和骨总RNA含量、胫骨纵径横径和干重及骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD),并检测大鼠股骨生物力学特性。结果和对照组比较,过量氟组大鼠血清氟、骨氟含量和血清AKP活性显著增高;骨总RNA含量、全身骨骼平均BMD和胫骨BMD降低;胫骨纵径、横径和干重减小;股骨最大负荷减低,最大形变增加。相比过量氟组,硼预防组大鼠血清氟和骨氟含量及AKP活性明显下降;骨总RNA含量、全身骨骼平均BMD、腰椎和胫骨BMD显著增高;胫骨纵径、横径和干重,股骨最大负荷明显增加。3组大鼠血清硼含量无显著性差异。结论大鼠摄入过量氟可出现明显的骨损伤,饲料加硼对此有一定的预防作用。     

京珠高速公路隧道病害检测与处治对策研究

通过京珠高速公路隧道病害现场检测,对其主要病害进行了分类统计。考虑该隧道的勘察、设计、施工等因素影响,对该隧道主要病害产生原因进行了分析,在此基础上,对隧道病害等级进行了判定,并针对不同等级病害,提出了具体的处治措施。     

AMP激活的蛋白激酶对大鼠弥漫性轴索损伤后神经元自噬的调节

目的研究AMP激活的蛋白激酶(AMPK)信号通路在弥漫性轴索损伤(DAI)大鼠脑组织中的表达,探讨AMPK对DAI后神经自噬的调节机制。方法大鼠头颅瞬间旋转损伤法建立DAI模型,免疫蛋白印迹法检测造模后1、3、7d大脑皮层和海马AMPK、磷酸化AMPK(p-AMPK)、Beclin1、LC3Ⅰ/Ⅱ、p62蛋白的动态表达,并与正常组和假手术组比较。侧脑室给予AMPK抑制剂Compound C及激活剂AICAR,检测药物干预对大鼠神经自噬相关蛋白表达的影响,并与DAI组和vehicle组进行比较。结果与正常组和假手术组相比,DAI 1d后脑内AMPK信号通路激活,3d后脑内自噬水平上调;Compound C可以减少AMPK磷酸化激活同时下调脑内的自噬水平,AICAR可以增高AMPK磷酸化水平上调神经自噬改善神经功能损伤。结论大鼠DAI后AMPK的激活可以上调神经自噬的水平,对DAI后的神经保护有重要意义。