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941.
Use of cellular phone while driving is one of the top contributing factors that induce traffic crashes, resulting in significant loss of life and property. A dilemma zone is a circumstance near signalized intersections where drivers hesitate when making decisions related to their driving behaviors. Therefore, the dilemma zone has been identified as an area with high crash potential. This article utilizes a logit-based Bayesian network (BN) hybrid approach to investigate drivers' decision patterns in a dilemma zone with phone use, based on experimental data from driving simulations from the National Advanced Driving Simulator (NADS). Using a logit regression model, five variables were found to be significant in predicting drivers' decisions in a dilemma zone with distractive phone tasks: older drivers (50–60 years old), yellow signal length, time to stop line, handheld phone tasks, and driver gender. The identified significant variables were then used to train a BN model to predict drivers' decisions at a dilemma zone and examine probabilistic impacts of these variables on drivers' decisions. The analysis results indicate that the trained BN model was effective in driver decision prediction and variable influence extraction. It was found that older drivers, a short yellow signal, a short time to stop line, nonhandheld phone tasks, and female drivers are factors that tend to result in drivers proceeding through intersections in a dilemma zone with phone use distraction. These research findings provide insight in understanding driver behavior patterns in a dilemma zone with distractive phone tasks. 相似文献
942.
高速铁路隧道支护参数的计算研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
为探索隧道初期支护安全系数的计算问题,并为高速铁路隧道支护参数优化提供理论依据,根据喷锚支护的性能与特点以及现代隧道力学的基本理论,建立初期支护荷载结构模型和对应的安全系数计算方法; 针对时速350 km高速铁路双线隧道提出的3种不同的初期支护方案(无系统锚杆支护、喷锚结合支护和以锚为主的支护方案)展开适应性研究,计算分析不同埋深(400 m和800 m)条件下初期支护的优化参数以及优化后的二次衬砌承载能力,在此基础上提出优化后的高铁隧道支护参数建议值,并对优化前后的安全系数进行计算与对比。主要结论如下: 1)提出了采用围岩压力代表值作为荷载结构模型设计荷载的方法,为解决设计中围岩压力不确定的问题提供了思路,且所推荐的围岩压力代表值计算方法具有安全性与经济性; 2)提出了3种初期支护计算模型,可以为初期支护构件的选择与量化设计提供一定的理论基础; 3)提出了时速350 km高速铁路双线隧道初期支护方案及优化后的复合式衬砌设计参数,并明确了不同围岩级别、不同埋深时的承载主体; 4)提出了按照不同埋深进行支护结构参数设计的建议。 相似文献
943.
Dongrun Liu Tianpei Cao Dong Chen Yupu Xiong 《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》2018,56(2):173-189
Assessment of the vibration of high-speed trains negotiating complex sections of terrain under strong wind conditions is very important for research into the operation safety and comfort of passengers on high-speed trains. To assess the vibration of high-speed trains negotiating complex sections of terrain under strong wind conditions, we performed a field measurement when the train passes through typical sections of complex terrain along the Lanzhou–Xinjiang high-speed railway in China. We selected the lateral vibration conditions, including the roll angle and lateral displacement of car-body gravity centre through two typical representative sections (embankment–tunnel–embankment and embankment–rectangular transition–cutting) for analysis. The results show that the severe car-swaying phenomenon occurs when the high-speed train moves through the test section, and the car-body lateral vibration characteristic is related significantly to the state of the terrain and topography along the railway. The main causes for this car-swaying phenomenon may be the transitions between different windproof structures, and the greater the scale of the transition region between different windproof structures or landform changes, the more obvious the car-swaying phenomenon becomes. The lateral vibration of the car-body is relatively steady when the train is running through terrain with minor changes in topography, such as the windbreak installed on the bridge and embankment, but the tail car sways more violently than the head car. When the vehicle runs from the windbreak installed on the embankment into the tunnel (or in the opposite direction), the tail car sways more intensely than the head car, and the head car runs relatively stable in the tunnel. 相似文献
944.
This paper presents a novel nonlinear dynamic model of a multi-axle steering vehicle to estimate the lateral wear amount of tires. Firstly, a 3DOF nonlinear vehicle dynamic model is developed, including dynamic models of the hydropneumatic suspension, tire, steering system and toe angle. The tire lateral wear model is then built and integrated into the developed vehicle model. Based on the comparison of experimental and simulation results, the nonlinear model is proved to be better than a linear model for the tire wear calculation. In addition, the effects of different initial toe angles on tire wear are analyzed. As simulation results shown, the impact of the dynamic toe angle on the tire wear is significant. The tire wear amount will be much larger than that caused by normal wear if the initial toe angle increases to 1° - 1.5°. The results also suggest that the proposed nonlinear model is of great importance in the design and optimazation of vehicle parameters in order to reduce the tire wear. 相似文献
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948.
以长张高速公路益常段旧水泥混凝土路面改造工程为依托,简述旧水泥混凝土路面碎石化技术;通过建立计算模型,比较共振碎石化、多锤头碎石化及冲击破裂稳固3种破碎(破裂)情况下加铺沥青层结构的加铺层层底拉应力及相对弯沉比情况,表明共振破碎后原路基整体强度优于多锤头碎石化技术。 相似文献
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