集成船桥系统的现状与未来

以文献资料为基础,作者结合在船舶操纵运动数模、自动避碰、自动驾驶等方面的科研实践,对集成船桥系统（ＩＢＳ）中的航线与航行计划制定、定位与导航、操纵与控制、避礁与避碰、通讯、系统集成六方面进行了较为概括的叙述,并对集成船桥系统所面临的主要问题和未来展望提出了看法。     

长江电子航道图生产管理系统的设计与实现*

为提高长江电子航道图数据生产与数据管理的效率,开发基于.NET框架技术的长江电子航道图测量成果文件及产品文件管理、数据生产流程管理等功能的软件。在有效管理生产数据的同时,实现长江电子航道图数据生产的流程化管理,可为长江电子航道图数据生产提供有效的辅助。     

封仓法打捞水下沉箱施工技术

在重力式码头的施工中,由于操作失误或不可控因素的影响,可能导致预制好的沉箱下沉或滑移,在最低潮位时沉箱顶仍在水面以下,无法正常从沉箱内抽水浮起沉箱,从而影响工程的顺利进展,给工程造成巨大的损失。采用预制钢盖板对沉箱进行封仓,然后抽水,利用沉箱自身所受浮力将沉箱浮出水面的方法成功地解决了这个难题。本文对此次打捞施工进行详细的介绍,并总结处理类似情况的方法、经验和注意事项。     

Challenges and Prospects of Fisheries Co-Management under a Marine Extractive Reserve Framework in Northeastern Brazil

In Brazil, Marine Extractive Reserves—MERs (Reservas Extrativistas Marinhas) represent the most significant government-supported effort to protect the common property resources upon which traditional small-scale fishers depend. From an initial small-scale experience in 1992, MERs have expanded countrywide, now encompassing 30 units (9,700 km²) and nearly 60,000 fishers. Despite such escalating interest in the model, there is little research on the effectiveness of MERs. In this article, we discuss relevant parts of the history and examine the current situation of the fisheries co-management initiative in the Marine Extractive Reserve of Corumbau, which was created in 2000 as the first MER to encompass coral reefs and reef fisheries. We describe the Extractive Reserve co-management arrangement and its main policy and legislative challenges. Finally, we discuss the prospects for the use of MERs as management frameworks for traditional small-scale fisheries in Brazil.     

内波的相似律及其实验室量化模拟关系

弄清内波的相似律和实验室量化模拟关系,是内波缩比模拟试验研究实用化、解决实际海洋中内波相关科学问题和工程问题的前提.本研究从流动的力学相似条件出发,梳理了内波的相似原理,采用内波预报模型分析了分层结构和分层密度差对内波特征的影响,阐明了分层结构相似是内波相似的必要条件,还分析了内波和表面波相似律的制约关系.实验室中分层密度差一般远大于实际海洋跃层的密度差,内波和表面波相似律不能同时满足,缩比实验模拟结果须根据内波和表面波的特征分别按各自的相似准则换算.     

基于鳍片式热电模组的船舶柴油机废气余热利用及其影响因素分析

摘 要：设计了一种鳍片式热电转换模组,并将其应用在船舶柴油机废气余热回收系统中,通过理论和实验,分析鳍片式热电转换系统的影响因素。结果表明：当柴油机负荷为75%,热电晶片总数为1428,排气温度550K 时,设计的鳍片式热电模组发电功率为6.72kW,热电转换效率可达5.42%。排气温度、冷却水温度以及柴油机负荷都会影响热电转换系统性能。随着柴油机负荷的提高,热电转换系统发电功率和转换效率也随之增大,但负荷在75%之前增大的幅度大于从75%~100%的负荷。热电模组鳍片数量会影响转换系统的热端温度和传热量,在条件允许范围内,可通过增加鳍片数目,提高废热回收效率。     

基于下一代网络的铁路VoIP通信关键技术研究

研究了移动IPv6工作原理和基于下一代网络的VoIP通信技术要求,分析了铁路运输系统移动无线网络接入技术特点,为高速列车以移动无线方式接入IPv6网络、实现VoIP通信提供了IP层解决方案.     

深圳地铁AFC系统安全性研究

AFC系统与地铁运营的票务收益息息相关,系统安全性的高低直接影响票务收益安全。根据深圳地铁AFC系统的现状,阐述了系统所面临的安全威胁。从硬件、软件、管理层面上分析了深圳地铁所采用的安全措施,并对系统安全性的改进做出展望。     

The quality of survey data: Telephone versus face-to-face interviews

Those designing surveys and producing data have always been concerned about its quality. The increasing stringency of the financial constraints which affect public authorities and the increased scope of involvement in the regulation of urban travel has led us to pay even greater attention to the quality of data. This issue is frequently covered in the literature on survey methods. However, comparisons between different survey methods are more rarely conducted. The decision to conduct such an analysis is partly the result of the development of telephone use to the detriment of other survey modes in many countries and also the development of Computer-Aided Telephone Interviewing (CATI) which facilitates the running and monitoring of the survey.This paper examines several aspects of this question in order to compare the performance of telephone and face-to-face interviews. The first aspect is the representativeness of the sample, and therefore relates mainly to the issue of nonresponses and the choice of a sample base. The second concerns the accuracy of the information and involves the choice of a survey area and the recording of all trips, including short-distance travel. Finally, the quality of data is obviously determined by the quality of the responses given by those interviewed.The answers we give frequently depend on the objective of the surveys, which leads us to put forward a table which summarizes the performance of telephone and face-to-face interviews on the basis of the main objective of the survey. Broadly, the telephone seems to be the favoured tool for surveys in the area of transport planning and surveys which aim to provide data for forecasting models, mostly on the grounds of cost. However, face-to-face techniques are often preferred for surveys which aim to discover and analyze the factors which explain individual travel behaviour.     

Eye Robotic System for Vitreoretinal Surgery

Micro incision vitrectomy system (MIVS) is considered to be one of the most difficult tasks of eye surgery,due to its requirements of high accuracy and delicate operation under blurred vision environment.There-fore,robot-assisted ophthalmic surgery is a potential and efficient solution.Based on that consideration,a novel master-slave system for vitreoretinal surgery is realized.A 4-DOF remote center of motion (RCM) mechanism with a novel linear stage and end-effector is designed and the master-slave control system is implemented.The forward and inverse kinematics are analyzed for the controller implementation.Then,algorithms with motion scaling are also integrated into the control architecture for the purpose to enhance the surgeon's operation accu-racy.Finally,experiments on an eye model are conducted.The results show that the eye robotic system can fulfill surgeon's motion following and simulate operation of vitrectomy,demonstrating the feasibility of this system.