Seabed scene simulation and its realization in extending Vega

Realistic simulation of underwater scene is always difficult because of the special and complex vision effects in underwater space. Seabed is an important part of underwater environment. This paper describes the methods for seabed scene simulation based on OpenGL. It includes construction of fluetuant terrain based on the random sinusoidal algorithm, simulation of seabed flicker effect by means of circular texture mapping and generation of turbidity effect by using fog techniques. For the application based on the leading high level 3D development environment-Vega, underwater scene simulation is still a difficulty since there is no module for it. Based on the analysis of Vega software and the research on seabed scene simulation methods, a Vega extending module named “Underwater Space” was created through developing module class and extending lynx interface. The module class was designed through developing DLL written in C . The Lynx was extended through developing keyword configure file, GUI configure file and lynx plug-in DLL. The problem that Vega can‘t simulate underwater space, is elementarily resolved. The results show that this module is efficient, easy using, and the seabed scene images am vivid.     

The development of safe riding guidelines for young riders – A case study of Phu Yen,Vietnam

Phu Yen is a small province located in the central part of Vietnam and is suffering from a tremendous number of traffic casualties, compared with other cities in Vietnam and developed countries. Young riders take a large proportion, accounting for 47.6% in total traffic crashes. To resolve this issue, the present study aims to (i) analyze young riders' behavior and their attitudes towards traffic safety and to (ii) propose a procedure to develop a book of safe riding guidelines to reduce their involvement in dangerous situations. A set of 73 questions in the questionnaire survey have been conducted to determine the risk-taking behavior and attitude towards traffic safety of 300 individuals, who are using bicycles, e-bikes, mopeds, scooters, and motorcycles less than 150 cc. The statistical results indicate that there are significant differences among riding behavior and attitudes of respondents towards traffic safety regarding the regional factor (rural, suburb, and urban), the demographic factor (gender and age), and the travel distance factor. The guidelines designed based on the questionnaire survey are used to alter adolescents' riding behavior and attitudes and so help them recognize, avoid, and handle risks in demanding traffic situations. An analysis of the before and after the traffic safety training workshop to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed guidelines indicated that there was a significant increment in the perceived risks of young riders after training them by using this book.     

Dynamic Performance of a Bulkhead Flat Car

The dynamic performance of a flat car is studied herein. The performance indices include roll angles, lateral accelerations, center plate loads, side bearing loads, wheel loads and spring deflections. These variables are maximum when the car is running at its critical speed, corresponding to either the rock and roll, or the bounce mode. The Association of American Railroads' (AAR) Flexible Carbody Model was used. The input for vertical track irregularities used in the simulation was generated from published spectra for U.S. Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) Class 4 track. After studying the car's performance with various column loads and spring suspensions, it was found that the most commonly used column load of 4,000 lbs. (17.8 kN) should be used. The spring suspension used in the original car design should also be adopted, in order to avoid spring bottoming.     

16V280A型缸套制造工艺研究

通过分析影响16V280A型缸套制造质量的因素，设计了合理的机械加工工艺，并选用合适的设备、设计专用工装及刀具，满足了切削加工要求。     

用PCR-SSCP方法研究子宫颈癌组织中人乳头瘤病毒E_7基因的变异

运用核酸杂交和聚合酶链式反应（ＰＣＲ）对临床确诊的６１份子宫颈癌Ⅱ～Ⅲ期标本进行了人乳头瘤病毒（ＨＰＶ）１６型Ｅ７基因的检测。非同位素地高辛标记探针斑点杂交阳性检出率为４５．９％，ＰＣＲ检测阳性率为５４．１％，两种检测结果证实ＨＰＶ－１６型感染与子宫颈癌的发生密切相关。进一步用灵敏的单链构象多态性分析法（ＳＳＣＰ）对３３例阳性标本进行分析，发现有２７例单链ＤＮＡ迁移率与正常对照有不同，推测均发生了ＤＮＡ序列的改变，提示ＨＰＶ－１６Ｅ７基因的变异在子宫颈癌组织中是较常见的现象，其与子宫颈癌的发生有一定的关系。     

俄政策转变 中国整车出口或迎早春

<正>2014年,俄罗斯普征汽车报废回收费和提前结束贷款购车政府补贴优惠政策,或多或少化解了中国车企在俄罗斯市场上所面临的竞争力压力。2014年,中国对俄整车出口有望迎来早春。1月1日俄罗斯汽车行业领域的政策环境将发生转变,一是汽车报废回收费将对俄境内的汽车制造商普遍征收,二是购车贷款政府补贴优惠政策将提前结束。俄产汽车价格预期普涨将彰显中国汽车性价比优势那些跨国汽车巨头在俄罗斯境内"工业组装"的车型,将面临着价格上涨的可能。从2014年1月1日开始,在俄罗斯境内的汽车生产者将被无一例外地要求支付汽车报废回收费。在这一政策规定之下,无论是俄罗斯本土的汽车制造商,抑或是在俄罗斯境内的工业组装厂家,都需要支付汽车报废回收费,由此带来新车价格上涨的压力。此前,俄罗斯只对进口汽车征收报废回收费。2012年9月1日,俄罗斯海关开始执行俄罗斯联邦有关"对轮式车辆征收报废回收费"的决议。征收汽车报废回收费,当初是为了弥补俄罗斯加入世贸组织之后汽车关税下降所引起的财政收入急剧减少。该政策只针对进口汽车,而俄罗斯境内的汽车制造商只要保证把自己售     

林家屋基隧道软岩变形分析及处理措施

软弱围岩变形会给施工带来极大的困难,尤其在横洞进入正洞施工交叉口段,应力分布不均情况下更易造成重大变形甚至坍塌,目前,对于该类隧道的施工技术还无现成的技术标准可遵循。通过林家屋基隧道横洞交叉口段软弱围岩的变形分析及处理,提出适合可行的施工技术,另一方面也可为类似隧道工程的设计和施工提供参考依据。     

浅议集装箱提单项下的“不知条款”

集装箱整箱运输中,承运人收到的只是外表状况良好,铅封完整的集装箱,而对箱内货物的实际情况并不了解。因此,承运人为避免收货人的追偿,往往在提单上加注“不知条款”,“不知条款”的出现,改变了承、托双方在货损货差索赔中的地位和法律责任,因此,深入地研究这一条款,对于承、托双方以及收货人都有重大的意义。1“不知条款”的含义及其表现形式所谓“不知条款”是指承运人加注于提单正面或列明于提单背面,表明承运人接收的是集装箱货物,并且对箱内货物的状况、数量一概不知,承运人只要在集装箱外表状况良好、铅封完整的情况下交货,则对于箱…     

浅谈建筑符号学在旧建筑改造中的应用方法

分析总结了建筑符号学在单体建筑外部形象和内部空间的改造中的作用及方法,并指出只有将恰当的建筑语汇运用于旧建筑改造中,才能使旧建筑重新焕发生机。     

浅埋大断面湿陷性黄土隧道地表变形规律分析

结合郑西铁路客运专线潼洛川、高桥、凤凰岭3座大断面湿陷性黄土隧道的施工,分析并总结出地表沉降开裂、拱顶下沉、水平收敛与开挖工序、雨水的关系和变形规律,由此提出大断面湿陷性黄土隧道施工变形控制的措施,并提出控制变形需进一步研究探讨的设计与施工建议。