不同加载幅值下考虑层间界面条件和侧向剪力作用的柔性铺面响应

该文进行了一个三维有限元参数量化的粘弹性路面响应研究,由于不同的轮胎配置:双轮和宽基轮胎在3种温度(5、25和40℃)和两种速度(8、72 km/h);还有影响路面响应的3种因素:移动车轮荷载幅值(连续,梯形),层间界面条件(简单的摩擦和粘弹性模型)和横向力共同对路面响应的影响进行了研究.研究发现连续加载幅值,不但可以模拟路面对运动轮荷载的响应,并且是一种比目前使用的梯形荷载幅值更准确的研究模型.粘弹性模型极大地提高了双轮胎对预测路面的响应,而简单的摩擦模型更接近宽基轮胎的实地测量.侧向剪力是积极改善预测轮底的表面磨损和底部热拌沥青(沥青)基层的较小程度上的应变.研究表明:使用连续加载幅值和非均匀压力分布模拟移动轮,侧向剪切力和适当的界面摩擦可显著改善有限元模型对车辆加载路面响应的预测能力.     

海底三维散射模型仿真研究

海底声散射强度是浅海混响预报的一个重要物理量.采用Jackson复合粗糙度模型研究了非均匀海底界面的声散射问题,对模型进行了理论推导和仿真计算,利用已发表的海底散射强度实测数据与模型仿真结果进行对照,验证了模型的正确性,并就海底沉积物类型和海底声学特性参数对海底反向散射强度的影响进行了分析.     

具有惯性表面的两层流体的柯西-泊松问题(英文)

This paper is concerned with the generation of waves due to initial disturbances at the upper surface of a two-layer fluid, as the upper layer is covered by an inertial surface and the lower layer extends infinitely downwards. The inertial surface is composed of thin but uniform distribution of non-interacting material. In the mathematical analysis, the Fourier and Laplace transform techniques have been utilized to obtain the depressions of the inertial surface and the interface in the form of infinite integrals. For initial disturbances concentrated at a point, the inertial surface depression and the interface depression are evaluated asymptotically for large time and distance by using the method of stationary phase. They are also depicted graphically for two types of initial disturbances and appropriate conclusions are made.     

矩形槽道采用不同冷却介质的传热与阻力特性分析(英文)

Several industrial applications such as electronic devices,heat exchangers,gas turbine blades,etc.need cooling processes.The internal cooling technique is proper for some applications.In the present work,computational simulations were made using ANSYS CFX to predict the improvements of internal heat transfer in the rectangular ribbed channel using different coolants.Several coolants such as air,steam,air/mist and steam/mist were investigated.The shear stress transport model(SST)is selected by comparing the standard k-ωand Omega Reynolds Stress(ωRS)turbulence models with experimental results.The results indicate that the heat transfer coefficients are enhanced in the ribbed channel while injecting small amounts of mist.The heat transfer coefficients of air/mist,steam and steam/mist increase by 12.5%,49.5%and 107%over that of air,respectively.Furthermore,in comparison to air,the air/mist heat transfer coefficient enhances by about 1.05 to 1.14 times when the mist mass fraction increases from 2%to 8%,respectively.The steam/mist heat transfer coefficient increases by about 1.12 to 1.27 times higher than that of steam over the considered range of mist mass fraction.     

污垢组合对印度玛纳尔湾水域低碳钢腐蚀行为的影响研究(英文)

Corrosion behaviour and biofouling characteristics of mild steel in three different coastal locations in the Gulf of Mannar,India have been studied over a period of 24 months.Oyster fouling was predominant at Open sea-Tuticorin,while barnacle fouling was dominant at both Mandapam and Harbour-Tuticorin.The rate of corrosion for 24 months exposure period was highest at Mandapam,where fouling was minimal.The surface of the mild steel was characterized by etchings&crevices beneath the hard foulers attached on it,at all the test locations.The depth of crevice caused by hard foulers was higher at Open sea-Tuticorin followed by Harbour-Tuticorin and Mandapam.The loss in ultimate tensile strength was more in Open sea-Tuticorin than the other two locations.Corrosion behaviour of mild steel is discussed based on the variation in the biofouling assemblage at the three test locations.     

俄罗斯内燃机车用冷却装置的选型探讨

文章从结构、效率、装车应用等方面对俄罗斯两种常见的冷却装置——吸收式及压缩式——进行了对比,对二者的优劣势进行了分析,得出吸收式冷却装置更适用于俄内燃机车、动车的结论.     

沥青密封胶与骨料接触面加压鼓泡试验的研发

尽管路面中裂缝不可避免,但裂缝密封能有效防止水和碎渣进入路面结构,从而保持路面的完整性,延长路面使用寿命.裂缝密封是一种很有效的预防性养护方法,但前提是需要选择合适的密封胶以及恰当的应用方法.该文开发了基于性能选择热灌沥青密封胶的方法.所开发的加压鼓泡试验是通过在粘结剂和被粘物间接触加压,从而破坏原接触面结合.在剥离之前及剥离阶段通常采用承压大小和粘结剂的变形来计算界面断裂能.文中介绍了所采用的试验装置和试验步骤,探讨了几种热灌沥青密封胶粘附到铝、石灰石、硅岩、花岗岩的粘附力.     

汽车涡轮增压器压气机噪声的计算气动声学模拟

汽油机领域增压技术(Eco-Boost)的问世为技术人员带来新的挑战。挑战之一是在非设计工况下,进入涡轮增压器的气流会产生气流噪声。在某些运行工况下,当进气质量流量和压比达到某一数值时,压气机叶轮表面气体分流会产生宽频噪声,被称为"啸叫"噪声。可以用增压器吹风试验和发动机台架试验来检测这种气体流动噪声。为了开发一种有效的设计,有必要了解这种噪声产生的基本机理。介绍为研究进气条件对啸叫噪声的影响而进行的计算气动声学分析,包括整个压气机叶轮和涡壳在内的三维计算流体动力学模拟。该增压器叶轮由6个主要叶片和6个分流叶片组成。基于计算机辅助工程的结果,提出一种压气机引导边缘入口台阶与进口导向叶片(或旋转叶片)组合的方案,以降低啸叫噪声,并通过试验证实这种创新设计的有效性。     

压缩天然气发动机用气门和气门座圈的开发

气门座圈和气门对内燃机的性能、排放和可靠性起着重要作用。这些零件失效会导致内燃机性能恶化。由于压缩天然气(CNG)发动机的燃烧环境干燥,工作温度较高,会对气门座圈和气门的寿命产生不利的影响。Greaves cotton公司开发了1台由柴油机改制的单缸水冷气道喷射CNG发动机。开发中遇到的主要挑战是气门座圈和气门的磨损。为了避免故障,在座圈材料适应性、座面锥角、座面宽度、气门头部刚度、座圈与气门的同轴度和气门落座速度几方面进行了设计改进。通过修改设计成功地解决了气门和气门座圈的磨损问题,并通过发动机台架试验和车辆试验得到了验证。