耙吸挖泥船泥舱消能结构特性数值研究

耙吸挖泥船泥舱的消能结构对装舱溢流损失有着重要的影响。采用数值计算方法对原型、对冲和45°挑高对冲共3种泥舱模型的进流结构进行了对比研究。计算结果显示：1）与原型相比,对冲和45°挑高对冲的泥舱内部流场的旋涡分布较为集中。2）进流管路的出流扩散范围基本位于进流管路的出口附近区域。3）泥舱内其它区域的流速及湍流强度均要小于原型,尤其在溢流筒附近区域湍流强度衰减更为明显。说明对冲和45°挑高对冲结构起到了一定的消能作用,将有利于泥舱装舱过程中泥沙的沉积,达到提高装舱效率的目的。     

自动焊接装置的设计

自动焊接装置是既能实现自动焊接又投资少、见效快的一种先进的工装技术，也是国际上白车身焊接生产的发展趋势。本文着重介绍了平头驾驶室主焊线二工序自动焊接装置的构成及技术要点，重点对自动焊钳的自动补偿功能做了详细介绍。     

点焊机器人焊钳的设计

点焊机器人焊钳是继手动焊钳和自动焊钳之后又一新型焊钳，它对机器人的使用效果和潜能的发挥着重大影响。通过对点焊机器人焊钳四种独特的具有自动补偿功能浮动机构的设计，实现了机器人焊接无法达到的自动调节施焊及电极磨损后的自动调整功能。     

受箍混凝土力学机理的研究

在线弹性范围内探讨了受箍混凝土力地为。运用能量原理得出了受箍混凝土的修正轴压弹性模量的公式。     

ZX—01镍磷合金化学镀工艺研究及应用

结合重型汽车典型令中件的特点，研究开发了一种性能优良的镍磷合金度工艺，采用正交试验法研究了镀液主要组分及主要工艺参数对镀层性能的影响规律，并对络合剂、缓冲剂和稳定剂进行了对比和筛选，优化最佳配方和工艺。该工艺操作简单，镀层综合性能优良，镀液稳定性好，寿命长，实际应用表明，ZX－01镍磷合金化学镀工艺完全可以用于生产，取代原来的电镀锌、电镀铬工艺。     

Carbody elastic vibrations of high-speed vehicles caused by bogie hunting instability

In particular locations of the high-speed track, the worn wheel profile matched up with the worn rail profile will lead to an extremely high-conicity wheel–rail contact. Consequently, the bogie hunting instability arises, which further results in the so-called carbody shaking phenomenon. In this paper, the carbody elastic vibrations of a high-speed vehicle in service are firstly introduced. Modal tests are conducted to identity the elastic modes of the carbody. The ride comfort and running safety indices for the tested vehicle are evaluated. The rigid–flexible coupling dynamic model for the high-speed passenger car is then developed by using the FE and MBS coupling approach. The rail profiles in those particular locations are measured and further integrated into the simulation model to reproduce the bogie hunting and carbody elastic vibrations. The effects of wheel and rail wear on the vehicle system response, e.g. wheelset bifurcation graph and carbody vibrations, are studied. Two improvement measures, including the wheel profile modification and rail grinding, are proposed to provide possible solutions. It is found that the wheel–rail contact conicity can be lowered by decreasing wheel flange thickness or grinding rail corner, which is expected to improve the bogie hunting stability under worn rail and worn wheel conditions. The carbody elastic vibrations caused by bogie hunting instability can be further restrained.     

Further study on the wheel–rail impact response induced by a single wheel flat: the coupling effect of strain rate and thermal stress

A comprehensive dynamic finite-element simulation method was proposed to study the wheel–rail impact response induced by a single wheel flat based on a 3-D rolling contact model, where the influences of the structural inertia, strain rate effect of wheel–rail materials and thermal stress due to the wheel–rail sliding friction were considered. Four different initial conditions (i.e. pure mechanical loading plus rate-independent, pure mechanical loading plus rate-dependent, thermo-mechanical loading plus rate-independent, and thermo-mechanical loading plus rate-dependent) were involved into explore the corresponding impact responses in term of the vertical impact force, von-Mises equivalent stress, equivalent plastic strain and shear stress. Influences of train speed, flat length and axle load on the flat-induced wheel–rail impact response were discussed, respectively. The results indicate that the maximum thermal stresses are occurred on the tread of the wheel and on the top surface of the middle rail; the strain rate hardening effect contributes to elevate the von-Mises equivalent stress and restrain the plastic deformation; and the initial thermal stress due to the sliding friction will aggravate the plastic deformation of wheel and rail. Besides, the wheel–rail impact responses (i.e. impact force, von-Mises equivalent stress, equivalent plastic strain, and XY shear stress) induced by a flat are sensitive to the train speed, flat length and axle load.     

车用增压直喷汽油机燃烧噪声试验研究

利用倒拖法对某车用涡轮增压缸内直喷汽油机空载加速和半载加速工况进行了燃烧噪声试验研究。联合发动机缸内燃气压力测试结果,通过分析气体动力载荷对其燃烧噪声的影响,进一步探讨燃烧噪声产生的根本原因。试验结果表明,在中低转速时,燃烧噪声随着发动机负荷的增加而增加,同时燃烧噪声对整机总声功率的贡献值也在随之增加。在较高转速时,燃烧噪声对整机总声功率的贡献值随着发动机负荷的增加变化不显著。就半载加速和空载加速工况时燃烧噪声的平均贡献值来看,空载加速时燃烧噪声对整机噪声的平均贡献值为22.2%,明显小于半载加速时的43.6%。随着发动机转速的提高,最大气缸压力及最大压力升高率总体变化趋势和燃烧噪声变化趋势一致,同时加速时最大气缸压力变化对燃烧噪声的影响更明显。     

大功率柴油机相继增压技术研究综述

随着大功率柴油机不断向高增压、高功率密度、宽转速范围以及低排放的方向发展,发动机与增压系统的匹配矛盾愈发突出,特别是在低速低负荷的工况范围内。而相继增压技术可使增压系统与发动机在较宽泛的运行范围内达到良好的匹配,被认为是改善高增压柴油机性能的最成熟的技术措施。因此,重点阐述了相继增压技术的工作原理、国内外的应用情况以及研究现状与发展趋势。     

基于直接刚度法的弹性地基深梁单元

为研究弹性地基深梁的受力及变形性能,根据双参数弹性地基模型和Timoshenko深梁模型的基本方程,建立了弹性地基深梁挠度控制方程,求得了挠度方程全解,并给出了弹性地基深梁梁轴转角、截面弯曲转角及剪切角的表达式;结合节点位移条件,得到了位移系数;根据节点力方程建立了刚度平衡方程,给出了弹性地基深梁的刚度矩阵方程及均布荷载的等效节点力向量。在此基础上,分别计算了均布荷载、跨中集中力、两端集中力、两端集中力矩等荷载工况下的节点位移,求得弹性地基深梁挠度曲线,验证了本文给出的刚度矩阵方程及等效节点力向量的合理性及适用性。