高速公路养护费用估价模型及评价体系研究

基于控制高速公路养护费用的目的,按照日常养护、预防性养护、大中修工程以及专项工程四类,分别研究了不同类型下的养护费用影响因素。从公路养护费用实际情况出发,结合区间逼近法,提出高速公路养护费用评价标准,并使用该方法对云南省某条高速公路的实际养护费用进行了评价,验证了其有效性和实用性,为高速公路养护费用的有效评价和管理奠定了基础。     

Development of hydrogen-compressed natural gas blend engine for heavy duty vehicles

Natural gas fuel, as an alternative energy source of transportation, has been used widely since it has an advantage of low emission levels. However, new technologies are required in order to meet the reinforced emission regulations. For this purpose, research into the development of hydrogen-compressed natural gas (HCNG) blend engine was carried out to evaluate its feasibility and emission characteristics. The Engine Research Department at the Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials carried out a large number of tests based on various parameter changes that could affect the performance and emission of HCNG engine in different operating conditions. An earlier stage of the research project focused on the lean combustion of a HCNG engine for heavy duty vehicles to meet the EURO-VI standards. An 11-L/6-cylinder CNG engine was used for the test. The effects of the excess air ratio change were assessed based on various content ratios of hydrogen in the natural gas fuel. In the later part of the HCNG research, a stoichiometric mixture operation was suggested to meet reinforced emission regulation without requiring a De-NOx system. Additionally, an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system was introduced for the purpose of improving thermal efficiency and durability. The optimal operating conditions were selected to achieve the best thermal efficiency to meet the required emission levels. In this paper, we demonstrate that a HCNG engine can achieve a significant decrease in NOx emissions, as compared to that of a CNG engine, while meeting the requirements of the EURO-VI standards during a transient mode cycle test. EGR can suppress the weakness of stoichiometric mixture combustion strategy, such as the deterioration of the durability and thermal efficiency, while the emission level can be lowered with the use of a three-way catalyst. The possibility of further reduction of emissions and CO2 with EGR was evaluated to access practical application of a HCNG engine in the field. From that evaluation, the HCNG engine with stoichiometric mixture operation for heavy duty vehicles was developed. The emission levels of HCNG engine were 50 % lower when compared to the EURO-VI standards with a greater than 10 % decrease in CO₂ compared to that of a natural gas engine.     

南美国家的港口发展现状（3）委内瑞拉

2002-2003年，委内瑞拉港口大罢丁导致该国食品进口一度瘫痪。自此之后，委内瑞拉政府便对地方港口和民间资本参与投资的港口持排斥态度。爵等政府对民间资本改善港口条件的能力缺乏信心，民间资本（尤其是外国民间资本）投资委内瑞拉港口受到诸多限制。     

温拌沥青混合料疲劳分析

采用耗散能法和现象法,分析温拌剂对沥青混合料疲劳寿命的影响。结果表明:在基质沥青混合料中加入EV温拌剂后,其疲劳性能总体变好;在基质沥青混合料中加入RH温拌剂后,其总体疲劳性能变差;在SBS改性沥青混合料中加入EV温拌剂后,其在高应变水平下的疲劳性能有所下降,但与热拌混合料疲劳性能相差不多。     

海员适任培训评估考试体系研究

海员职业培训、评估、考试与发证体系有其基本特性,如针对特定岗位需求、关注最终获得的工作能力、考核方式看重岗位表现等.提高海员适任培训、评估、考试的水平需要对其理念进行思考和探究,我国目前的船员培训、评估考试体系也需要与国际一些较先进的体系进行比较并做出改进.     

3t蒸空自由锻锤电液技术改造

本文简述了蒸空锻锤电液技术改造的原理方法,比较了3 t蒸空锻锤电液技术改造的实际节能效果,阐述了电液锻锤打击能量的测试情况。     

铁路超细粉煤灰预应力混凝土梁疲劳性能试验

通过9组32m铁路预应力混凝土标准梁的缩尺模型,对掺用超细粉煤灰的预应力混凝土梁在重复荷载作用下的力学性能进行研究,探讨粉煤灰掺量,混凝土等级以及养护条件等因素对铁路桥梁粉煤灰预应力混凝土梁力学性能的影响.试验结果表明:经200万次重复加载后,模型梁静力及动力特性与加载前相比基本不变,超细粉煤灰的合理掺用对梁体疲劳性能没有不利影响,为铁路桥梁粉煤灰预应力混凝土设计参数的选取及应用提供技术支持.     

浅谈重力式挡土墙设计中的问题

重力式挡土墙是道路工程中使用最为广泛的支挡结构,其设计质量的好坏直接关系到工程的安全性和经济性。通过分析重力式挡土墙设计中容易混淆或容易忽略的常规问题,并对有些问题提出了一些建议。     

预应力钢-混凝土连续组合梁的挠度研究

将连续梁分解成有端弯矩作用的简支梁,对简支梁沿界面分离成有界面力作用的钢梁和混凝土梁,假定界面力为沿切向和法向的任意分布函数,建立分离体在界面力和外荷载作用下的弯矩、轴力方程。根据分离体挠曲变形协调,导出界面切向力与法向力关系方程,联立连接件的剪力滑移物理方程,解得界面力及滑移分布函数。以连续梁内支座截面两侧的滑移应变及挠曲线的二阶导数相等为补充边界条件,求得考虑界面滑移的连续组合梁挠曲线方程理论解。     

京杭运河特大桥施工阶段拱轴线形监测与控制

大跨度钢管混凝土拱桥的线形监测与控制是施工过程中的关键技术，在实践中通过测试所得到的工程数据与设计控制值的比较，分析误差产生的原因，才能确保桥梁在成桥后的结构受力和线形满足设计要求。