吹填珊瑚砂地基软弱夹层特性

新近吹填珊瑚砂地基在施工过程中形成的软弱夹层分布范围广、厚度随机、无明显规律、工程性质差,给工程建设带来极大的难度和挑战。通过室内试验对珊瑚砂地基中软弱夹层特性进行分析研究。结果表明:软弱夹层主要以粉土为主,具有较高的塑限;抗剪强度指标比一般天然粉砂-粉土的抗剪强度指标高;土中细颗粒(0. 075 mm)含量越大,土的最佳含水率越大、最大干密度越小。     

考虑降雨影响的深基坑边坡稳定性分析

以大源渡航电枢纽二线船闸基坑工程为例,结合饱和-非饱和理论,通过有限元软件Geo-Studio中seep/w模块和slope/w模块建立二维数值模型,对强降雨情况下边坡渗流状态进行分析,得到边坡内部含水率和孔隙水压力变化规律以及安全系数和滑裂面的变化情况。结果表明:随着降雨历时的增加,坡面含水率逐渐增加,雨水不断向更深层土体入渗,地下水位线不断上升,基质吸力逐渐消散,坡体表面形成暂态饱和区,安全系数随之减小。降雨停止后,水分逐渐流出坡体,含水量逐渐减小,地下水位随之逐渐下降,正孔压减小,基质吸力逐渐恢复,安全系数逐渐增大。降雨入渗对边坡浅层土体影响较大,对深层土体影响较小,一般形成浅层破坏。     

株洲航电枢纽二线船闸基坑渗流特征及工程措施

针对株洲航电枢纽二线船闸主体基坑渗漏问题,基于在基坑开挖现场对基槽的观察与检验工作,进行基坑渗漏原因分析。按含水介质和分布特征,划分基坑渗流类型。通过对渗流量和渗透变形的观测,分析各渗流类型的渗流特征和工程影响。根据渗流对基坑工程的影响程度,借鉴一线船闸基坑的设计、施工经验,采取不同的处理措施,保证基坑边坡的稳定,满足结构体对承载力和沉降的要求,为内河船闸工程地质勘察提供查明水文地质条件的思路。     

公路发展水平评价指标的研究

通过研究传统的反映公路发展水平的公路统计指标及其存在的问题,分析反映公路发展水平的因素,提出一套全面准确合理的反映公路发展水平的综合评价指标。     

蓝牙诊断系统的研究

蓝牙诊断系统将传统的手持式诊断仪与蓝牙传输方式结合起来,将诊断人员从车辆内部释放出来.在办公室内进行诊断.该诊断系统由手持式诊断仪和数据采集中心两个部分组成.文章阐述该诊断系统硬件和软件的总体设计,分析其工作原理,并对手持式诊断仪的结构和数据采集终端的结构进行详细介绍.     

斗嘴斜坡变形机制及稳定性分析

斗嘴斜坡在地震和连续暴雨的情况下产生了变形,对斜坡稳定性产生了不利影响。在现场调查、测绘、勘探以及室内试验结果的基础上,阐述了斗嘴斜坡的变形特征,分析了该斜坡的变形机制,并对三种典型工况下斜坡的稳定性进行了定量计算,结果表明该斜坡整体稳定性较好,但#2边坡坡脚面临公路,人类活动频繁,建议采用修建护脚墙和地表截排水沟的防治措施,防治边坡失稳。     

Model-based design of a variable nozzle turbocharger controller

Variable Nozzle Turbocharger (VNT) was invented to solve the problem of matching an ordinary turbocharger with an engine. VNT can harness exhaust energy more efficiently, enhance intake airflow response and reduce engine emissions, especially during transient operating conditions. The difficulty of VNT control lies in how to regulate the position of the nozzle at different engine working conditions. The control strategy designed in this study is a combination of a closed-loop feedback controller and an open-loop feed-forward controller. The gain-scheduled proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller was implemented as the feedback controller to overcome the nonlinear characteristic. As it is difficult to tune the parameters of the gain-scheduled PID controller on an engine test bench, system identification was used to identify the plant model properties at different working points for a WP10 diesel engine on the test bench. The PID controller parameters were calculated based on the identified first-order-plus-dead-time (FOPDT) plant model. The joint simulation of the controller and the plant model was performed in Matlab/Simulink. The time-domain and frequency-domain performances of the entire system were evaluated. The designed VNT control system was verified with engine tests. The results indicated that the real boosting pressure traced the target boosting pressure well at different working conditions.     

Development of a navigation algorithm with dead reckoning for unmanned ground vehicles

A navigation algorithm is indispensable for Unmanned Ground Vehicles (UGVs). During driving, UGVs follow a global path. In this study, we propose a navigation algorithm using Real Time Kinematic (RTK)-Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) units and encoders to complement global path planning. Sometimes GPS systems lose their signals and receive inaccurate position data due to many factors, such as edifice and barrier obstructions. This paper shows that GPS deviations can be solved using a Dead Reckoning (DR) navigation method with encoders and that position errors can be decreased through the use of RTK-DGPS units. In addition to this method, we will introduce a new waypoint update algorithm and a steering algorithm using RTK-DGPS units.     

Modified lateral control of an autonomous vehicle by look-ahead and look-down sensing

This paper presents a modified lateral control method for an autonomous vehicle with both look-ahead and look-down sensing systems. To cope with sensor noise and modeling uncertainty in the lateral control of the vehicle, a modified LMI-based H lateral controller was proposed, which uses the look-ahead information of the lateral offset error measured at the front of vehicle and the look-down information of the vehicle yaw angle error between the reference lane and the centerline of the vehicle. To verify the safety and the performance of the lateral control, a scaled-down vehicle was developed, and the positioning of the vehicle was estimated with USAT. The proposed controller, which uses both look-ahead and look-down information, was tested for lane changing and reference lane tracking with both simulation and experiment. The simulation and experimental results show that the proposed controller has better tracking and handling performance compared with a controller that uses only the look-ahead information of the target heading angle error.     

Parameter identification for a LuGre model based on steady-state tire conditions

The purpose of this study was to effectively identify parameters for a LuGre friction model based on experimental measures. In earlier work related to this study (Yang et al., 2009), which was based on the characters of polygonal wear (Sueoka and Ryu, 1997), we showed a frictional vibration model for a mass on a moving belt. This model reflected lateral vibrations caused by velocity and toe-in angle. An important aspect of the present study is the improved friction model. A previous friction model, which divided the process into four parts, expressed the sable excited vibration well but failed to reflect the hysteresis loop change when vehicles accelerated or decelerated continuously. A LuGre friction model can solve this problem, but several model parameters must be obtained experimentally. We measured contact width and length of tires as vertical pressure changed; this provided a theoretical basis for apparent stiffness of a unit of tire tread. Based on tire data from Bakker E’s article in a SAE paper from 1987, we identified the Stribeck exponent and Stribeck velocity in LuGre. Then, the results were implemented in a vibration system that verified the rationality of the data.