The Mixed Logit model: The state of practice

The mixed logit model is considered to be the most promising state of the art discrete choice model currently available. Increasingly researchers and practitioners are estimating mixed logit models of various degrees of sophistication with mixtures of revealed preference and stated choice data. It is timely to review progress in model estimation since the learning curve is steep and the unwary are likely to fall into a chasm if not careful. These chasms are very deep indeed given the complexity of the mixed logit model. Although the theory is relatively clear, estimation and data issues are far from clear. Indeed there is a great deal of potential mis-inference consequent on trying to extract increased behavioural realism from data that are often not able to comply with the demands of mixed logit models. Possibly for the first time we now have an estimation method that requires extremely high quality data if the analyst wishes to take advantage of the extended behavioural capabilities of such models. This paper focuses on the new opportunities offered by mixed logit models and some issues to be aware of to avoid misuse of such advanced discrete choice methods by the practitioner.     

浅议施工成本管理存在的问题与解决对策

本文就企业成本管理中存在的问题进行论述 ,提出解决对策 ,通过控制施工成本以利于企业今后的发展。     

Safety in the road environment: a driver behavioural response perspective

The existing literature on road safety suggests that a driver's perception of safety is an important influence on their driving behaviour. A challenging research question is how to measure the perception of safety given the complex interactions among drivers, vehicles and the road setting. In this paper, we investigate a sample of driver evaluations of the perception of safety associated with a set of typical road environments. A roundabout was selected as the context for the empirical study. Data was obtained by a computerised survey using the video-captured road and traffic situations. A controlled experiment elicited driver responses when faced with a mixture of attributes that describe the roundabout environment. An ordered probit model identified the contribution of each attribute to the overall determination of the perception of safety. An indicator of perceived safety was developed for a number of typical road and traffic situations and for different driver segments.     

强夯法处理娄新高速公路岩溶塌陷地基的现场试验研究

以娄新高速公路岩溶塌陷地基强夯加固工程为背景,对强夯法的主要参数设计、强夯试验和强夯加固岩溶地基效果进行分析。分别采用2000 kN·m、4000 kN·m夯击能进行强夯试验,并对夯坑的每击夯沉量、总夯沉量及夯坑周围地面隆起变形量和影响范围进行监测。试验结果表明：在4000 kN·m夯击能下最佳夯击次数为11击,夯实效率达到90％以上,远高于2000 kN·m夯击能的夯实效率,可以有效地加固岩溶塌陷地基。强夯后动力触探击数明显增加,1～12 m变化明显,表明4000 kN·m夯击能的影响深度达到了12 m。     

标准动车组四象限整流器及控制系统实时仿真

通过分析标准动车组四象限整流器电路拓扑结构和四象限控制器,建立了整车四象限整流器及控制系统数学模型。对由其形成的闭环系统进行了实时仿真试验研究,结果验证了所建四象限整流器及控制系统的正确性,可用于标准动车组交流传动系统的研究和测试。     

采动区CFG桩加固铁路地基工程实例分析

铁路穿越不良地基时,要采取一些特殊的工程措施加以解决,以满足铁路运行要求.本文针对采动区铁路地基加固问题,对采用高压旋喷桩和水泥粉煤灰碎石桩(CFG桩)加固方案进行对比,分析CFG桩加固采动区铁路路基的优越性,为类似地基加固提供借鉴.研究结论:以某煤矿铁路专用线为例,在稳定性分析的基础上,得出了软土路堤的极限高度;在不满足路堤采动下沉加高的要求下,采用CFG桩对地基进行处理.通过复合地基承载力的理论验算和沉降量的有限元分析,以及与高压旋喷桩加固方案的对比,验证了CFG桩加固软弱地基的可行性和安全性;在软弱地基加固中,加固方案完全相同的情况下,CFG桩更具优越性;根据规范和相关文献,提出了CFG桩加固设计要求;CFG桩推广使用,对于发展废物利用、节约成本,保护环境具有积极作用.     

浅谈上海轨道交通网络物资供应系统

结合上海轨道交通网络化发展阶段的物流管理业务需求特点,充分融入现代物流理念,梳理出网络物流管理的总体业务流程,明确了网络物资供应系统的总体架构,构建功能模块,并进行了系统效益评估。     

Risk management methods for the liner shipping industry: the case of the Bunker Adjustment Factor

Through the implementation of the Bunker Adjustment Factor (BAF), a shipowner is able to transfer the risk of fuel price fluctuation to the shipper. This and other surcharges are generally undesired by shippers who must pay this fee. The research presented provides an alternative method of risk management that is more effective than the current method, while responding to customer service demands for simplified tariffs. By strategic use of commodity futures, the shipowner is able to better reduce his/her risk exposure, transferring it to willing parties at the futures exchanges, thereby eliminating the need for the bunker surcharge.     

Aggregation of common-metric attributes in preference revelation and implications for willingness to pay

There is a growing interest in process heterogeneity in the way that individuals evaluate packages of attributes in real or hypothetical markets and make choices. We consider the role of the relative magnitude of pairs of attributes that are defined on a common metric (e.g., minutes or dollars), to look at the extent to which attributes might be added in preference revelation, in contrast to the commonly adopted single rule of compensatory behaviour. The focus is on a choice model specification that allows for different treatments of pairs of attributes across a sample, in contrast to studies that impose a single rule on all observations, and that does not require supplementary information on whether specific individuals claimed to have added up attributes; rather we structure a non-linear utility function that permits a probabilistic aggregation of each attribute. We translate this into a willingness to pay for travel time-savings for car commuters, in the context of tolling roads in Sydney, and contrast it with the results from the additive model, and a model where self-stated attribute processing information is taken into account. The empirical evidence suggests that mean willingness to pay increases when the addition rule is accounted for. This is a potentially important message for environmental applications where two or more attributes have a common metric.     

Assessing the economic significance of port activity: evidence from ABP Operations in industrial South Wales

The paper seeks to improve the evidence base surrounding regional ports and their economic impact. The paper reveals that industries dependent on the port infrastructure are actually key regional players, often operating in relatively fast growth sectors, and contributing to the economic and social needs of the local economy. The focus in the case element of the paper is the operations of Associated British Ports (ABP) plc in industrial South Wales. In examining the direct and indirect consequences of the port activity the paper adopts an input–output framework of analysis. A better contextualization of the economic impact of ports is shown to be necessary in the devolved policy-making environment in the region.