Suspension system state estimation using adaptive Kalman filtering based on road classification

This paper provides a new method to solve the problem of suspension system state estimation using a Kalman Filter (KF) under various road conditions. Due to the fact that practical road conditions are complex and uncertain, the influence of the system process noise variance and measurement noise covariance on the estimation accuracy of the KF is first analysed. To accurately estimate the road condition, a new road classification method through the vertical acceleration of sprung mass is proposed, and different road process variances are obtained to tune the system’s variance for the application of the KF. Then, road classification and KF are combined to form an Adaptive Kalman Filter (AKF) that takes into account the relationship of different road process noise variances and measurement noise covariances under various road conditions. Simulation results show that the proposed AKF algorithm can obtain a high accuracy of state estimation for a suspension system under varying International Standards Organisation road excitation levels.     

轿车前梁有限元分析

利用轿车前梁的CATIA模型建立其有限元模型。通过前悬架的ADAMS模型确定前梁的受力。应用这些方法将CAD、CAE有机的结合在一起，提高了有限元分析的效率和准确性。为了检验模型的精确程度，对前梁进行了静态加载试验。结果表明计算和试验结果有很好的一致性。     

Study on T lymphocyte subsets and NK cells in patients with Graves＇ disease combined with type 2 diabetes

Objective To investigate changes in T lymphocyte subsets and NK cells in patients with simple Graves' disease (GD)and Graves' disease combined with type 2 diabetes mellitus (GD/T2DM). Methods Fifteen cases of GD/ T2DM were selected from our hospital from November 2001 to November 2004. Before and after therapy thyroid function, thyroglobulin antibody (TGA), thyroid microsomal antibody (TMA) and blood glucose level were measured, and T lymphocyte subsets (CD3, CD4, CD8, CD4/CD8) and NK cells (CD56) were measured by immunofluorescence double labeling monoclonal antibody and flow cytometry, respectively. At the same time, comparison was made with simple GD (15 cases), T2DM (15 cases) and healthy control (20 cases). Results Before therapy, CD4/CD8, CD4 and NK cells in GD/T2DM were less than normal, and there was no significant difference in comparison with simple GD (P<0.05). In T2DM group, only CD4/CD8 and CD4 were less than those of healthy controls (P<0.05). When thyroid function recovered after 1 to 3 months of methimazole treatment in both GD/T2DM and simple GD groups, various indexes recovered, which were more obvious in simple GD. Conclusion Immune hypofunction of GD may be the key to the immune abnormality of GD/T2DM, which is more significant than that of simple GD or T2DM. The recovery of thyroid function and immune abnormality is not consistent, and the recovery of GD is more significant than that of GD/T2DM.     

TNFα、Leptin-Rb、NF-κB和PPAR-γ在酒精性肝病大鼠肝细胞中的表达

目的 探讨TNFα、NF-κB、Leptin-Rb和PPAR-γ等在大鼠酒精性肝病中与肝组织炎症、坏死和纤维化的关系.方法 胃造瘘法建立长期大鼠酒精性肝病模型,分别在第4、8、12、24和52周用免疫组化、原位杂交和RT-PCR技术检测不同阶段大鼠肝组织中TNFα、NF-κB、PPAR-γ和Leptin-Rb等的表达.结果 TNFα、NF-κB和Leptin-Rb水平在模型组大鼠肝细胞中,第8周表达逐渐增强,第24周起高水平表达一直持续至52周(P<0.01).PPAR-γ在对照组和第4、8周模型组肝细胞中表达最强,第12周表达开始减弱.TNFα和NF-κB在肝细胞中的表达呈明显正相关关系,与PPAR-γ则呈负相关关系(P<0.01).结论 TNFα和NF-κB与肝细胞病变程度有很好的一致性关系,Leptin-Rb在肝细胞的表达与肝纤维化发展相一致,PPAR-γ则刚好相反.     

饲料加硼对摄入过量氟的实验大鼠骨损伤的预防作用

目的探讨饲料加硼对过量氟摄入的大鼠骨损伤的预防作用。方法24只4-5周龄Sprague-Dawley(SD)大鼠分为:对照组(喂饲基础饲料,饮蒸馏水)、过量氟组[喂饲基础饲料,饮含100mg/LF-(氟化钠221mg/L的蒸馏水)]、硼预防组(喂饲加硼饲料,饮含100mg/LF-的蒸馏水)。实验3月后测量大鼠血清氟、硼含量及血清碱性磷酸酶(alkaline phosphatase,AKP)活性、骨氟和骨总RNA含量、胫骨纵径横径和干重及骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD),并检测大鼠股骨生物力学特性。结果和对照组比较,过量氟组大鼠血清氟、骨氟含量和血清AKP活性显著增高;骨总RNA含量、全身骨骼平均BMD和胫骨BMD降低;胫骨纵径、横径和干重减小;股骨最大负荷减低,最大形变增加。相比过量氟组,硼预防组大鼠血清氟和骨氟含量及AKP活性明显下降;骨总RNA含量、全身骨骼平均BMD、腰椎和胫骨BMD显著增高;胫骨纵径、横径和干重,股骨最大负荷明显增加。3组大鼠血清硼含量无显著性差异。结论大鼠摄入过量氟可出现明显的骨损伤,饲料加硼对此有一定的预防作用。     

基于顾客忠诚度的品牌价值研究

以问卷调查法和因子分析法为基础,探讨了品牌价值和顾客忠诚度的关系,认为顾客忠诚度的提高能够有效提升企业的品牌价值;并提出了基于顾客忠诚度的品牌价值提升策略。     

基于PID控制的电控空气悬架系统设计

以飞思卡尔公司16位单片机MC9S12DP256为核心控制单元,基于PID控制策略,并利用Matlab、Labview软件。针对气囊-组合电磁阀,对电控空气悬架的软、硬件控制系统进行设计。控制系统可较好地控制车身高度,抑制系统振荡,改善电控空气悬架的性能。     

车辆运行声车型自动分类的AR模型技术

利用AR参数模型提取采集到的车辆行驶时产生的车外噪声信号的特征,利用假设检验进行特征选择,并设计了BP神经网络进行分类识别.对道路现场采集到的2种车型共计110个信号进行分析,实验结果表明,通过AR参数模型提取车辆车外噪声特征实现车型自动分类是可行的,其分类的正确率达80% 以上.     

如何加大农村公路工程质量监督力度

分析了五年来辽阳市农村公路建设质量的形势;强调质量监督下作在农村公路建设项目管理中的重要性和加强农村公路下程质量监督管理应做好的几方面下作。     

尿素晶体的线性和非线性光学性质的从头算研究

采用从头计算平面波赝势方法（pwp）和局域密度近似,计算了尿素晶体的电子能带结构和光学性质,计算表明尿素晶体属直接带隙晶体,计算带隙为5,lleV。在剪切操作下,采用密度矩阵理论计算了介电常数和倍频系数,理论结果与实验符合甚佳,并成功地将二阶非线性光学系数谱的特征峰与介电函数光谱结合起来,按单、双光子共振项进行了分析。不同跃迁过程对二阶非线性光学系数的贡献的研究表明,二阶非线性光学极化率在低频下几乎全部来自于虚电子过程。