铁路噪声对沿线居民影响的研究

分析了铁路沿线居民对噪声的反应，并比较了铁路与交通运输噪声主观反应。结果表明，无论是高干扰率阈值的比较，或是从高干拢率与声级的回归方程比较，铁路和交通这两种运输噪声对人的主观反应干扰基本一样。     

Introduction of a friction coefficient dependent on the slip in the FastSim algorithm

One of the main limitations of algorithms relating forces and creepages at the wheel/rail contact is the use of a friction coefficient independent of the slip. This paper overcomes this limitation through a modification of the FastSim algorithm (based on the Simplified Theory of Kalker). A friction law based on the local value of the slip is established and the required formulation of the local slip elsewhere in the contact area is presented. Some difficulties of the method and the solutions adopted by the authors are also presented. Finally, the achieved improvements are shown through comparison of the results obtained both with the original and the modified FastSim algorithms.     

Study of the seasonal cycle of the biogeochemical processes in the Ligurian Sea using a 1D interdisciplinary model

A one-dimensional coupled physical–biogeochemical model has been built to study the pelagic food web of the Ligurian Sea (NW Mediterranean Sea). The physical model is the turbulent closure model (version 1D) developed at the GeoHydrodynamics and Environmental Laboratory (GHER) of the University of Liège. The ecosystem model contains 19 state variables describing the carbon and nitrogen cycles of the pelagic food web. Phytoplankton and zooplankton are both divided in three size-based compartments and the model includes an explicit representation of the microbial loop including bacteria, dissolved organic matter, nano-, and microzooplankton. The internal carbon/nitrogen ratio is assumed variable for phytoplankton and detritus, and constant for zooplankton and bacteria. Silicate is considered as a potential limiting nutrient of phytoplankton's growth. The aggregation model described by Kriest and Evans in (Proc. Ind. Acad. Sci., Earth Planet. Sci. 109 (4) (2000) 453) is used to evaluate the sinking rate of particulate detritus. The model is forced at the air–sea interface by meteorological data coming from the “Côte d'Azur” Meteorological Buoy. The dynamics of atmospheric fluxes in the Mediterranean Sea (DYFAMED) time-series data obtained during the year 2000 are used to calibrate and validate the biological model. The comparison of model results within in situ DYFAMED data shows that although some processes are not represented by the model, such as horizontal and vertical advections, model results are overall in agreement with observations and differences observed can be explained with environmental conditions.     

The Numerical Simulation on Hollow Part''''s Precise Sizing Process With Cross-wedge Rolling

ThepaperwassponsoredbyPanDengBprojectIntroductionThecrosswedgerollingprocesshasmnyadVatages.ItisaldndofneweffectiveandeconomictechnologythatProducesstePPedshaft.ThetOchnologyhowtoimPovetheaccuracyofworkPiecehasbeingdeVeoped.ThediametertoleraneofsolidpartscanbelimitedbetWeen0.2mmto0.5mm.Thelengthtolerancerangedbforeen0.2nuntolmm.TheaccuracyofpatscouldsatsfythePfOcisionlevelofthetoleranceandmachiningallowancesofsteeldieforeingChinesenationalstandard.[l]Butthediametertoleranceofhollowpeds…     

“运输基础装备和线路机械2008”国际展览会

2008年9月11～12日，在卡鲁加定期举办了国际“运输基础装备和线路机械2008”展览会。在2008年的这个展览会上出现了新的情况，汇集了所有运输设施方向的专家（工务部门，电气化及供电部门，自动化及遥控部门的人员以及通信人员）参会，是本次展会的主要特点。超过130多家来自俄罗斯、独联体国家和西方国家的公司展出了自己的产品，其中包括现代化的铁道线路养护维修用的全套装备、自动机械和遥控机械装备、电气化装备等。     

Wind-triggered events of phytoplankton downward flux in the Northeast Water Polynya

Phytoplankton carbon fluxes were studied in the Northeast Water (NEW) Polynya, off the eastern coast of Greenland (79° to 81°N, 6° to 17°W), during summer 1993. The downward flux of organic particles was determined during 54 days using a sediment trap moored at a fixed location, below the pycnocline (130 m). The hypothesis of the present study is that wind events were ultimately responsible for the events of diatoms downward flux recorded in the trap.Wind conditions can influence the vertical transport of phytoplankton by affecting (1) the environmental conditions (e.g. hydrostatic pressure, nutrient concentrations, and irradiance) encountered by phytoplankton during their vertical excursion, and (2) the aggregation and disaggregation of phytoplankton flocs. The first mechanism affects the physiological regulation of buoyancy, whereas the second one affects the size and shape of settling particles.Using field data (wind velocity, density profiles and phytoplankton abundance), we assessed the potential aggregation and the vertical excursion of phytoplankton in surface waters. The results show that, upstream from the trap, wind and hydrodynamic conditions were sometimes favourable to the downward export of phytoplankton. Lag-correlation between time series of wind and phytoplankton downward flux shows that flux events lagged wind events by ca. 16 days. Given that the average current velocity in the top 100 m was ca. 10 cm s⁻¹, a lag of 16 days corresponded to a lateral transport of ca. 130 km, upstream from the sediment trap, where phytoplankton production was lower than at the location of the trap. According to that scenario, 21% to 60% of primary production was exported to depth during wind events. If we had assumed instead a tight spatial coupling between the material collected in the trap and the relatively high phytoplankton production at the location of the trap, we would have concluded that <7% of primary production was exported to depth. The difference between the two scenarios has great implications for the fate of phytoplankton. Our results stress the importance of investigating the spatial coupling between surface and trap data before assessing the pathways of phytoplankton carbon cycling.     

丙型肝炎病毒非结构蛋白3全长基因的克隆和表达

目的克隆和表达丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)非结构基因NS3,为进一步研究其基因功能奠定基础。方法设计特异性引物,以HCV全长cDNA质粒为模板进行PCR扩增,获得全长NS3基因。将其插入克隆载体pMD18-Tvector中,经酶切、PCR及测序鉴定后,与表达载体pET32a重组,后转入BL21菌株并诱导表达。采用SDS-PAGE电泳及Western-blot检测NS3基因的蛋白表达水平。结果含有NS3的重组体构建成功并在大肠杆菌中表达。结论运用原核细胞基因工程技术成功构建和表达了HCV非结构基因NS3蛋白,为尽一步研究HCVNS3基因功能奠定了基础。     

REGULATED PHOSPHORYLATION OF THE GATA－2 DNA BINDINGPROTEIN IN ENDOTHELIAL CELLS

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THE CHANGES OF BONE VOLUME AND TURNOVER IN POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN WITH OSTEOPOROSIS：A REPORT OF 293 BONE BIOPSIES

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Road disturbance estimation for the optimal preview control of an active suspension systems based on tracked vehicle model

This research investigates stochastic estimation of a look-ahead sensor scheme using the optimal preview control for an active suspension system of a full tracked vehicle (FTV). In this scheme, wheel disturbance input to the front wheels are estimated using the dynamic equations of the system. The estimated road disturbance input at the front wheels are utilized as preview information for the control of subsequently following wheels of FTV. The design of optimal preview control is used as a classical linear quadratic Gaussian problem by combining dynamics of the original system and estimation of previewed road inputs. The effectiveness of the preview controller is evaluated by comparing the estimated information with the measured information for different road profiles, where Kalman filter is used for the state-variables estimation of the FTV. This research also considers the reduced order estimation using commonly available sensors in order to decrease the number of sensors and measurements. The simulation results’ using an active suspension system with different preview information shows that the proposed system can be beneficial for the improvement of ride comfort of tracked vehicles without using any specialized sensors for preview information calculation.