Applying social marginal cost pricing in rail PPPs: Present state, drawbacks and ways forward

The application of social marginal cost pricing (SMCP) in PPP's in the railway sector faces several challenges. We examine in detail the practical applicability of SMCP in railway PPPs from the perspectives of cost accounting and effectiveness of SMCP towards the allocative efficiency goal, addressing the likely drawbacks in conciliating the welfare objectives of SMCP with the objectives of project financing (cost recovery) and value for money that justify the realization of PPP's. To this end, we combine theoretical analysis with the observation of empirical results of a case study. We split the analysis per type of private service provision, which can be for service operation or infrastructure management. For infrastructure management, we recommend splitting the operator remuneration and the track access charges. For service operation, we argue that the correct decision on source of funding of the service operator should depend on the characteristics of the contract.     

Measurements of Emissions to Air from a Marine Engine Fueled by Methanol

Emissions of exhaust gases and particulate matter from a dual fuel marine engine using methanol as fuel with marine gasoil as pilot fuel have been examined for ...     

适用于高性能车载计算平台的自适应AUTOSAR

正自适应AUTOSAR为实现车辆ECU软件的更大灵活性打下了坚实的基础。这些系统是可扩展的,是全自动和联网驾驶方向的重要一步。自适应AUTOSAR不是替代经典AUTOSAR,它的优势在于2种标准的巧妙结合。自动驾驶对车辆内部E/E架构提出了更高要求。自动驾驶功能需要越来越强大的控制单元,且越来越多地相互联网,并与基础设施(如云端系统)联网(图1)。通过使用来自各种车辆传感器以及外部(例如高精确地图资料)的数据,软件可创     

Numerical Investigation of Sloshing Under Roll Excitation at Shallow Liquid Depths and the Effect of Baffles

Sloshing is relevant in several applications like ship tanks, space and automotive industry and seiching in harbours. Due to the relationship between ship and s...     

Effect of Coupled Torsional and Transverse Vibrations of the Marine Propulsion Shaft System

In this study, the coupled torsional-transverse vibration of a propeller shaft system owing to the misalignment caused by the shaft rotation was investigated. T...     

Empirical modelling of the relationship between bus and car speeds on signalised urban networks

Vehicle speed is an important attribute for analysing the utility of a transport mode. The speed relationship between multiple modes of transport is of interest to traffic planners and operators. This paper quantifies the relationship between bus speed and average car speed by integrating Bluetooth data and transit signal priority data from the urban network in Brisbane, Australia. The method proposed in this paper is the first of its kind to relate bus speed and average car speed by integrating multi-source traffic data in a corridor-based method. Three transferable regression models relating not-in-service bus, in-service bus during peak periods and in-service bus during off-peak periods with average car speed are proposed. The models are cross-validated and the interrelationships are significant.     

青岛董家口港城公共交通安全规划探索与实践

城市交通运行安全关乎千家万户,现已成为人们越来越关注的热点,2019年,我国发生的道路交通事故共导致14527人死亡[1],交通事故产生的损失越来越大.公共交通是城市交通的重中之重,其交通安全的社会影响极大.交通事故产生原因受到人、车、道路以及周围环境等多维度因素影响,交通安全规划研究需要围绕以上因素展开.本文以董家口港城为例,多维度探索了公交安全规划的方法,从公共交通的视角剖析了交通事故原因,提出了面向港口城市交通安全治理的综合对策,制定了综合提升方案,为青岛董家口港城交通安全提升做出了积极探索和实践.     

Oil spill risk analysis of routeing heavy ship traffic in Norwegian waters

Norwegian authorities have for a long time been concerned about the risk of oil spills outside the Norwegian coast. One of the key measures adopted has been to reduce the risk of ship accidents by imposing sailing routes for heavy ship traffic (over 5,000 gross tonnages) with high environmental risk potential farther away from part of the coast. This article is based upon two reports which conducted risk assessments of imposing such sailing routes outside the entire Norwegian coast. These routes were proposed by an expert group consisting of relevant stakeholders. Data of traffic pattern and number of sailing were collected for the year 2008 using the universal Automatic Identification System (AIS). The proposed route was compared with 2008 traffic pattern in regard to the accident frequencies and the expected oil spills per year. An accident and oil spilling simulation program called MARCS was used to simulate these results. After conducting a traffic forecast for the year 2025, the simulation was again run and the results compared with the year 2008. In total, the proposed route is expected to reduce oil spills by 590 t per year in 2008 and by 3670?t in 2025. The main reason for this substantial reduction is that the number of groundings is reduced because of the distance from the shore being increased. The reduction was particularly strong for tankers.