全文获取类型
收费全文 | 490篇 |
免费 | 5篇 |
专业分类
公路运输 | 121篇 |
综合类 | 17篇 |
水路运输 | 157篇 |
铁路运输 | 15篇 |
综合运输 | 185篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 4篇 |
2022年 | 11篇 |
2021年 | 7篇 |
2020年 | 2篇 |
2019年 | 4篇 |
2018年 | 14篇 |
2017年 | 11篇 |
2016年 | 20篇 |
2014年 | 15篇 |
2013年 | 80篇 |
2012年 | 23篇 |
2011年 | 22篇 |
2010年 | 17篇 |
2009年 | 19篇 |
2008年 | 19篇 |
2007年 | 19篇 |
2006年 | 10篇 |
2005年 | 14篇 |
2004年 | 5篇 |
2003年 | 14篇 |
2002年 | 10篇 |
2001年 | 5篇 |
2000年 | 7篇 |
1999年 | 9篇 |
1998年 | 12篇 |
1997年 | 6篇 |
1996年 | 8篇 |
1995年 | 10篇 |
1993年 | 3篇 |
1992年 | 3篇 |
1991年 | 2篇 |
1990年 | 5篇 |
1989年 | 5篇 |
1988年 | 7篇 |
1987年 | 2篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
1985年 | 6篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 6篇 |
1982年 | 7篇 |
1981年 | 8篇 |
1980年 | 6篇 |
1979年 | 9篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 6篇 |
1976年 | 5篇 |
1975年 | 4篇 |
1974年 | 2篇 |
1973年 | 3篇 |
1972年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有495条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
71.
王渤洪 《变流技术与电力牵引》2005,(1):43-48
西班牙铁路(RENFE)从2004年起将获得16组Velare E电动车组.这些电动车组是按欧洲铁路通用性规定设计的目前世界上最现代的高速列组.在最大坡道为25‰和海拔高1 200 m的线路上列车要以350 km/h高速运行,对其电气设备提出了很高要求.文章详细介绍了设计和实现这些电气系统及部件时必须重视和满足的要求. 相似文献
72.
Ships of opportunity have been used to investigate ocean–atmosphere CO2 fluxes in the English Channel and Southern Bight of the North Sea. Continuous underway measurements of the fugacity of seawater carbon dioxide (fCO2sw), chlorophyll, temperature and salinity have been performed along 26 transects during the spring and autumn periods. The spatial fCO2sw distribution along the Channel and Southern Bight is modulated by the photosynthetic activity, temperature changes and water mixing between inputs from the North Atlantic Ocean and riverine discharges. The seasonal variability of fCO2sw is assessed and discussed in terms of the biology and temperature effects, these having similar impacts. The variation of fCO2sw shows similar interannual patterns, with lower values in spring. The annual average of air–sea CO2 fluxes places the English Channel as neutral area of CO2 uptake. The spring and autumn data allow differentiating between distal and proximal continental areas. The Southern Bight shows a tendency towards net CO2 uptake on the distal continental shelf, whereas the Scheldt and Thames Plumes show a CO2 source behaviour on the proximal continental shelves. 相似文献
73.
J.F. Shriver H.E. Hurlburt O.M. Smedstad A.J. Wallcraft R.C. Rhodes 《Journal of Marine Systems》2007,65(1-4):3
A 1/32° global ocean nowcast/forecast system has been developed by the Naval Research Laboratory at the Stennis Space Center. It started running at the Naval Oceanographic Office in near real-time on 1 Nov. 2003 and has been running daily in real-time since 1 Mar. 2005. It became an operational system on 6 March 2006, replacing the existing 1/16° system which ceased operation on 12 March 2006. Both systems use the NRL Layered Ocean Model (NLOM) with assimilation of sea surface height from satellite altimeters and sea surface temperature from multi-channel satellite infrared radiometers. Real-time and archived results are available online at http://www.ocean.nrlssc.navy.mil/global_nlom. The 1/32° system has improvements over the earlier system that can be grouped into two categories: (1) better resolution and representation of dynamical processes and (2) design modifications. The design modifications are the result of accrued knowledge since the development of the earlier 1/16° system. The improved horizontal resolution of the 1/32° system has significant dynamical benefits which increase the ability of the model to accurately nowcast and skillfully forecast. At the finer resolution, current pathways and their transports become more accurate, the sea surface height (SSH) variability increases and becomes more realistic and even the global ocean circulation experiences some changes (including inter-basin exchange). These improvements make the 1/32° system a better dynamical interpolator of assimilated satellite altimeter track data, using a one-day model forecast as the first guess. The result is quantitatively more accurate nowcasts, as is illustrated by several model-data comparisons. Based on comparisons with ocean color imagery in the northwestern Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman, the 1/32° system has even demonstrated the ability to map small eddies, 25–75 km in diameter, with 70% reliability and a median eddy center location error of 22.5 km, a surprising and unanticipated result from assimilation of altimeter track data. For all of the eddies (50% small eddies), the reliability was 80% and the median eddy center location error was 29 km. The 1/32° system also exhibits improved forecast skill in relation to the 1/16° system. This is due to (a) a more accurate initial condition for the forecast and (b) better resolution and representation of critical dynamical processes (such as upper ocean – topographic coupling via mesoscale flow instabilities) which allow the model to more accurately evolve these features in time while running in forecast mode (forecast atmospheric forcing for the first 5 days, then gradually reverting toward climatology for the remainder of the 30-day forecast period). At 1/32° resolution, forecast SSH generally compares better with unassimilated observations and the anomaly correlation of the forecast SSH exceeds that from persistence by a larger amount than found in the 1/16° system. 相似文献
74.
This paper quantifies the potential environmental benefit of short sea shipping. Critical strategic issues relevant to formulating
public policy are developed. Coastal shipping has traditionally been a major sector of the maritime industry. This continues
to be the case in the European Union, but the sector has diminished in relative importance in North America as the transport
industry has become increasingly dominated by less environmentally-friendly interstate trucking and railroads. Congestion
threatens to overwhelm overland carriage and limit economic growth. An alternative strategy is to revitalize coastal shipping
as short sea shipping to alleviate traffic congestion and enhance economic development by maintaining freight flow efficiency.
Because ship transport offers higher fuel economy and lower emission of harmful pollutants, the environmental benefits of
short sea shipping over land transportation can be quantified and used to inform public policy. 相似文献
75.
F. Yu D.A. Crolla 《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》1998,30(6):457-471
This paper presents a state observer design for an adaptive vehicle suspension. Based on simulations, two main issues are investigated, (a) the selection of measurement signals in relation to estimation accuracy and sensing needs and (b) the effects of variations in both road inputs and vehicle parameters on estimation accuracy. Meanwhile, the system stabilities are also examined concerning the effects of using different combination of measurement states and the system parameter variations in practical, possible ranges. 相似文献
76.
77.
Ramon Terrado Connie Lovejoy Ramon Massana Warwick F. Vincent 《Journal of Marine Systems》2008,74(3-4):964
We measured the abundance and biomass of phototrophic and heterotrophic microbes in the upper mixed layer of the water column in ice-covered Franklin Bay, Beaufort Sea, Canada, from December 2003 to May 2004, and evaluated the influence of light and nutrients on these communities by way of a shipboard enrichment experiment. Bacterial cell concentrations showed no consistent trends throughout the sampling period, averaging (± SD) 2.4 (0.9) × 108 cells L− 1; integrated bacterial biomass for the upper mixed layer ranged from 1.33 mg C m− 3 to 3.60 mg C m− 3. Small cells numerically dominated the heterotrophic protist community in both winter and spring, but in terms of biomass, protists with a diameter > 10 µm generally dominated the standing stocks. Heterotrophic protist biomass integrated over the upper mixed layer ranged from 1.23 mg C m− 3 to 6.56 mg C m− 3. Phytoplankton biomass was low and variable, but persisted during the winter period. The standing stock of pigment-containing protists ranged from a minimum value of 0.38 mg C m− 3 in winter to a maximal value of 6.09 mg C m− 3 in spring and the most abundant taxa were Micromonas-like cells. These picoprasinophytes began to increase under the ice in February and their population size was positively correlated with surface irradiance. Despite the continuing presence of sea ice, phytoplankton biomass rose by more than an order of magnitude in the upper mixed layer by May. The shipboard experiment in April showed that this phototrophic increase in the community was not responsive to pulsed nutrient enrichment, with all treatments showing a strong growth response to improved irradiance conditions. Molecular (DGGE) and microscopic analyses indicated that most components of the eukaryotic community responded positively to the light treatment. These results show the persistence of a phototrophic inoculum throughout winter darkness, and the strong seasonal response by arctic microbial food webs to sub-ice irradiance in early spring. 相似文献
78.
This is one of two papers designed to test the ability of a theoretical model of productivity measurement [1] with times series empirical data. The analysis was able to identify trends in productivity growth for sailing ships and stcamships. scparating long and short run components . One of the interesting features of the findings is that the long run growth rate is the same for both sailing and steamships. Although sail and steam appear to be two unique technologies, it is found that technologica progress is evolutionary not revolutionary.
The techique using covariance analysis proved useful for times series productivity measurement. 相似文献
The techique using covariance analysis proved useful for times series productivity measurement. 相似文献
79.
F. M. Everard 《Maritime Policy and Management》1995,22(3):197-199
The paper, first of all, examines what a 'rogue ship' is and then moves on to the various practical solutions as to how to deal with the problem. There is no one single answer but the author believes that it is in the interest of society in general to get rid of these ships. 相似文献
80.
P. F. Sweatman P. N. Joubert 《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》1976,5(3):155-170
Driver steering performance in a simple circular lane-keeping task, as dependent on the directional response characteristics of the vehicle, was measured. Response Surface Methodology models of steering performance are presented. Several canonical variables describe the drivers responses to vehicle changes. Clear-cut optimum vehicle characteristics cannot be determined, but certain combinations of vehicle characteristics are seen to be undesirable for various reasons related to theoretical mechanisms of driver steering control. 相似文献