硅烷浸渍对提高混凝土结构寿命的作用

混凝土结构的耐久性决定了混凝土工程的寿命。该文介绍了影响混凝土结构耐久性的因素,揭示了硅烷浸渍对混凝土的防护和硅烷浸渍对混凝土结构的影响。通过硅烷浸渍保护的混凝土可以提高其本身结构密实度,具有突出的憎水性,可防止水分及氯离子的渗透,从而对于防止混凝土的腐蚀与破坏起到关键的作用。同时不影响水蒸气的自由穿透。     

Grafting watermelon seedling production management system based on process control strategy

Greenhouse environmental management, seedling bed scheduling, and fertilizer and water management are the core technologies of seedling nursery. Precision management and control of the whole production process guarantees high grated seedling quality. In order to improve management efficiency of grafted watermelon seedling production and seedling quality, this paper designs and develops a grafted watermelon seedling production management system based on process control methods by process control strategy, seedling bed planning design, and handheld device technology.     

Image fusion scheme based on nonsubsampled contourlet and block-based cosine transform

A kind of nonsubsampled contourlet and block-based cosine transform (NSCBCT) is developed, and its application in image fusion is studied in this paper. The construction of filtering banks is based on the nonsubsampled contourlet transform (NSCT) and block-based discrete cosine transform (B-DCT). We combine NSCT and B-DCT to design filters that lead to NSCBCT with better singularity representation than either of them in isolation. A design framework based on the hybrid approach is proposed, which allows for the fast implementation based on NSCT and B-DCT respectively. In addition, a new image fusion scheme based on NSCBCT for multispectral and panchromatic satellite images is proposed. Firstly, because it adopts NSCT, the fused satellite images have higher spatial resolution than those based on wavelets. Secondly, based on the localized high frequency information provided by B-DCT, the proposed fusion scheme can reduce the spectral distortion of the fused image further. Experimental results show that the proposed fusion method is able to increase the spatial resolution and reduce the spectral distortion of the fused image at the same time.     

Nonlinear analyses of exchange rates of six emerging markets

This paper presents some empirical evidences on the presence of nonlinearity of exchange rates of six emerging markets by using Brock-Dechert-Scheinkman (BDS) test and Volterra-Wiener-Korenberg (VWK) model, respectively. The nonlinear dependences are found in the exchange rates of six emerging markets. Furthermore, this paper applies the VWK model with surrogate data method to detect if their nonlinear dependences are deterministic or not. The results show that the above exchange rates are deterministic and nonlinear time series. These imply that the exchange rate markets do not conform to the requirements of the random walk hypothesis. Therefore, the nonlinear dynamic model should be used to analyze the exchange rates.     

基于拟T-S模糊模型的网络化控制系统稳定性分析

综合考虑网络化控制系统（NCS）出现时延和丢包问题,提出一种基于拟T-S模糊模型.以时延和丢包出现的概率作为隶属度,并根据丢包出现在系统中的不同环节,分别构造相应的系统模型,再利用线性矩阵不等式（LMI）方法证明系统的稳定性,并通过对一个二阶倒立摆系统的数值分析说明方法的可行性,从而为网络化控制系统的分析与设计提供了新方法.     

城市交通一体化走廊管理的理念与实践

为解决城市交通量快速增长与土地、交通资源之间的突出矛盾,提高交通系统的效益与效率,有必要针对城市重要交通走廊实施一体化走廊管理。首先,对一体化走廊管理的基本概念进行阐释,指出其对于中国城市交通发展的适用性。然后,提出一体化走廊管理的方法,并分别以发达国家城市伦敦、纽约以及发展中国家城市武汉为例,对一体化走廊管理的应用进行了实证分析。最后,总结实践的经验与教训,指出城市领导者的支持、直接利益关系者间协调机制的建立、与交通使用者的双向沟通,以及方案编制的因地制宜有助于一体化走廊管理的规划与实施。     

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出行信息的搜寻与获取是驾驶员出行决策的重要依据.为获取驾驶员的出行信息搜寻行为特征,以昆明市412个样本数据库为基础,建立驾驶员出行信息搜寻行为的因果和过程结构方程模型(SEM),并拟合各变量之间的路径关系.其中,驾驶员出行信息搜寻的因果结构方程模型重点分析个体属性、信息源因素及环境因素与搜寻行为之间的关系;驾驶员出行信息搜寻的过程结构方程模型则模拟驾驶员的出行信息搜寻过程.结果表明：驾驶员由于自身属性的不同在信息源与搜寻行为上存在显著差异,搜寻行为中驾驶员对出行信息的认知及信息源的选择是重要的影响因素.此外,驾驶员出行信息搜寻过程模型主要受到个体属性与信息需求的影响.     

钢-混凝土组合试件长期推出试验与有限元分析

采用推出试验和有限元方法研究了采用不同剪力连接件的钢-混凝土组合试件的界面长期滑移和应变发展过程; 参考Eurocode 4中推出试验标准试件, 设计了2组试件用于长期推出试验; 分别采用栓钉和PBL作为剪力连接件, 采用螺杆施加长期荷载, 测试了长期加载过程中的界面滑移、混凝土应变和钢梁应变; 同步加载测试了150 mm×150 mm×300 mm的混凝土试块的长期变形, 并以此变形计算混凝土徐变系数; 对比了徐变模型对计算结果的影响, 并讨论了不同混凝土徐变模拟方法。研究结果表明: 界面滑移和混凝土应变在加载初期增长较快, 加载120 d后达到稳定状态; 栓钉试件和PBL试件的最大界面滑移分别为0.162和0.068 mm, 最大值均位于界面底部; 栓钉试件和PBL试件的混凝土最大应变分别为7.30×10-5和1.34×10-4, 最大值均位于混凝土板底部; 钢梁应变在整个试验过程中基本保持稳定, 未出现明显的应力重分布, 栓钉试件和PBL试件的钢梁最大应变分别为3.7×10-5和6.5×10-5, 最大值均位于钢梁顶部; 混凝土徐变是影响钢-混凝土组合试件长期性能的主要因素, 不同混凝土徐变模型计算所得混凝土徐变系数与测试值的偏差为60%~140%, 说明混凝土徐变模型对有限元结果影响显著; 采用指数函数拟合混凝土徐变系数测试结果的拟合误差为2.4%, CEB-FIP90模型计算所得混凝土徐变系数在加载后期与测试值的误差为3.71%, 建议无法实测时可采用CEB-FIP90模型计算混凝土徐变系数。      

基于行人碰撞事故重建的颅脑损伤准则效能研究

为了深入研究不同颅脑损伤准则对道路交通事故中行人颅脑损伤的预测与评价性能,从已有的交通事故调查数据库中选出可以用于进行事故虚拟重建且具有详细人体颅脑伤情记录的10例行人车辆碰撞事故案例,采用多刚体动力学和有限元分析方法,对事故中人和车辆运动学响应及行人颅脑损伤情况进行虚拟重建,在此基础上,采用LASSO回归分析方法分析了多个基于人体头部运动学响应的颅脑损伤准则与事故中行人颅脑损伤的相关性;借助文献中的损伤风险曲线,分析了不同基于脑组织应变的损伤准则与行人典型颅脑损伤（弥散性轴索损伤和脑挫伤）之间的关系。研究结果表明：在多个基于人体头部运动学响应的颅脑损伤评价准则中,同时考虑头部线性和旋转运动,且体现头部碰撞功率的头部碰撞能量（HIP）准则能最有效地评价真实的颅脑损伤;基于脑组织应变的颅脑损伤准则中,累计应变损伤测量（CSDM）准则相对于最大主应变（MPS）准则能更有效地评价典型弥散性脑损伤（DAI）,而扩张损伤测量（DDM）准则所反映的脑挫伤程度远低于真实的损伤状况,所以该准则难以准确预测脑挫伤的损伤风险。     

TDOA Passive Location Based on Cuckoo Search Algorithm

This paper formulates a new framework to estimate the target position by adopting cuckoo search(CS)positioning algorithm. Addressing the nonlinear optimization problem is a crucial spot in the location system of time difference of arrival(TDOA). With the application of the Levy flight mechanism, the preferential selection mechanism and the elimination mechanism, the proposed approach prevents positioning results from falling into local optimum. These intelligent mechanisms are useful to ensure the population diversity and improve the convergence speed. Simulation results demonstrate that the cuckoo localization algorithm has higher locating precision and better performance than the conventional methods. Compared with particle swarm optimization(PSO) algorithm and Newton iteration algorithm, the proposed method can obtain the Cram′er-Rao lower bound(CRLB) and quickly achieve the global optimal solutions.