Control strategy research of a selective catalytic reduction system for heavy-duty application

An AdBlue dosing control strategy of the selective catalytic reduction(SCR) system is developed for a heavy-duty diesel(HDD) engine. The strategy includes a raw emission prediction model, an ammonia(NH_3)coverage prediction model, a transient heat hysteresis correction algorithm, an NH_3 leakage control model for transient operation conditions, and a feedback controller(FBC). FBC has been developed by using mathematical manipulation to change output signal of sensor based on cross-sensitivity of nitrogen oxide(NO_x) sensor to NH_3.The quantification of control parameters is based on experiments and Nyquist stability criterion. FBC is enabled in most test conditions to satisfy the stability requirements. NOxconversion(DeNO_x) efficiency of SCR system is 82.4% in European steady-state cycle(ESC) test and 80.3% in European transient cycle(ETC) test, while the leakage of NH_3 is under 10-5 volume fraction in average.     

Graph based signal-behavior-structure mapping for state maintenance of equipment

Equipment has dual nature: physical objects existing in nature, and artificial objects designed by human. The decision on the configuration and structural parameters of equipment is made by engineers based on technical-physical effects which control the behavioral parameters of the equipment. Sensors are mounted on the equipment to monitor the equipment state. Current methods for state monitoring and diagnosis mostly use mathematics and artificial intelligence technology to construct evaluation methods. This paper presents an integrated design and state maintenance method, in which graph and dual graph are used for recording design data and sensor arrangement and for mapping method from signals to substructures and connection pairs. An example of state maintenance of hydro power generating equipment is illustrated.     

新疆鑫涛铁路专用线煤炭散堆装货场散堆站台防风抑尘网的应用

根据鑫涛铁路专用线散堆装货场自然特征、分析了散堆站台防风抑尘网的设计要素、防风抑尘网的选择、施工以及防治效果,最后提出针对铁路散堆装货场散堆站台防风抑尘网设计的意见和建议.     

基于Pro/E塑料顾问分析的塑料盒盖注射模具设计

针对传统模具设计的弊端,提出了采用模流分析技术对模具进行优化设计的思想。以Pro/E塑料顾问为平台,以塑料盒盖零件为实例,对其浇口位置进行计算机模拟分析,并在此基础上对塑料产品进行注射成型工艺模拟分析。综合分析结果有针对性地优化模具设计方案,避免了设计中的盲目性,提高了塑料产品的成型质量,减少了缺陷的产生,降低了生产成本,缩短了生产周期。     

Compressive sensing reconstruction based on weighted directional total variation

Directionality of image plays a very important role in human visual system and it is important prior information of image. In this paper we propose a weighted directional total variation model to reconstruct image from its finite number of noisy compressive samples. A novel self-adaption, texture preservation method is designed to select the weight. Inspired by majorization-minimization scheme, we develop an efficient algorithm to seek the optimal solution of the proposed model by minimizing a sequence of quadratic surrogate penalties. The numerical examples are performed to compare its performance with four state-of-the-art algorithms. Experimental results clearly show that our method has better reconstruction accuracy on texture images than the existing scheme.     

Novel Application of High Voltage Electrostatics Corona Ions Discharge Related to Treatment,Sanitization and Disinfection of Biological Matter Such HIV-AIDS Infected Blood

A novel high-voltage electrostatics corona ions pre-charger apparatus and methods were invented earlier by Hamade related to treat various types of receptors such as but not limited to electret polymer, air filters, particulates, catalytic converters, bioaerosols, fluids, pollutants, virus, and bacteria. It is shown in this article that his work led to the construction of various prototype chargers, customized differently for each type of a receptor. In particular his recent development of biological matter corona charger (BMCC) prototype related to expose, treat, sanitize, and disinfect bioaerosols, virus, bacteria, and contaminated fluids and blood such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) - acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). It is shown in this paper that each previous investigated research contemplated ionized corona charger attendant to a charging process and the corona, imparts and provides enough treatment charges to receptors including the aforementioned receptors. Researchers often relied on adopting prior corona charger methods that do not necessarily and effectively solve the problems associated with them or utilize them for optimum treatment effect. The inventor exhaustively studied the characteristics of corona discharge, and has found that the greatest difficulty in corona discharge has to do with the maintenance of the corona, particularly when the receptor is being charged. This is due to variations in either the dielectric value between the corona electrode and a grounded base or flaws in the design as the receptor passes there between suppressing or hindering corona and its effectiveness. What is needed in-the-art is an apparatus and method to achieve maximum possible charge on a receptor, a charge order of magnitude greater than that used by other investigators. This often requires customizing each apparatus and method and does not just merely use one type of a charger to satisfy all applications. To satisfy this need, we build a low cost prototype BMCC that generates self-sustaining charge corona, eliminates many previous design flaws such as spark over, and make it ready for testing remotely or with apparatus.     

基于ANSYS软件的功率器件寄生电容建模分析

大功率变频器中电磁兼容问题是不可被忽视的。其中传导干扰会影响输出波形,降低电能质量。IGBT的寄生电容对于传导干扰有很大影响,本文对功率器件中IGBT的寄生电容形成原理和计算方法进行了分析。在此基础上运用有限元仿真软件ANSYSQ3D建立了基于英飞凌FZ1200R17HE4较为精确的模型。最后通过实验测量与仿真结果进行对照,仿真结果很好的对应了实验结果,本文所提方法能更准确的建立IGBT相关杂散参数的模型。     

Application of a real-coded genetic algorithm for the fitting of a ship hull surface through a single non-uniform B-spline surface

In digital ship-design processes, surface modeling needs to be as accurate as possible for effectiveness in ship production as well as numerical analysis of the performance. Traditionally, the form of a ship hull is constructed from a set of cross-sectional data. This approach entails difficulties in the cross-sectional spacing and accuracy of the characteristic curves, such as the stern and bow profiles, deck side line, bottom tangential line, and unconnected curves. Genetic algorithms (GAs) have attracted increasing attention as a multimodal optimization solution for surface reconstruction that enable construction of a single non-uniform B-spline (NUB) surface at the initial stage of ship design with constraints such as knuckles, discontinuity conditions, and bulbous bows with high curvatures, . The first, simultaneous multi-fitting GA determines the boundary curves, such as the stem and stern profiles, and finds the common knot values for both curves. Similarly, the same GA technique is applied for other boundary curves at the bottom and the deck. The second GA is employed to fit the interior data points after the boundary curves are fitted. The encoded design variables for surface construction are the locations of the vertices and the knot values. Those variables are modified for improving the surface quality until a predefined degree of precision is attained. In four instances of application, the GA technique developed in this research has been shown to provide good, single, NUB surfaces with high efficiency. In the early design stage, a single NUB surface is more convenient for performance visualization and finite-element methods. It can be readily translated into many CAD/CAM packages, which facilitate the smooth transition of data across the different design stages.     

Some managerial and technical issues in transport sector development projects

In development projects there is only one problem, but it is huge: everything is connected to everything else. The authors separated from the whole the following important issues: (1) Project management and coordination: The Recipient Country’s Aid Coordination Unit (ACU) and Project Implementation Unit (PIU) staffed with competent local experts are necessary to hold the reform process memory. This issue is considered in the context of “Ownership” and “Government Leadership” as it is recognized in donor aid forums in the last decade. (2) Human resource development: Most technical assistance is oriented toward providing solutions, and the development of local capacities is ignored. The authors point out the importance of specially selected local experts—the “Technical Communication Officers”. (3) Institutional functioning: A ‘process consultation’ approach to institutional restructuring is promoted in which the Recipient has the key role. It is also recommended that the Recipient is the initiator of technical assistance in the projects. (4) Design standards are a recurrent and difficult problem. Recommendations are necessary how to transit to the new standards and how to mediate their approval process. (5) Procurement and management of consulting services: The authors argue that the recipient country qualified professionals have to be in the lead role. The vignettes in the paper are from the “real world” although they are modified slightly to protect privacy.