A complex network perspective for characterizing urban travel demand patterns: graph theoretical analysis of large-scale origin–destination demand networks

Urban travel demand, consisting of thousands or millions of origin–destination trips, can be viewed as a large-scale weighted directed graph. The paper applies a complex network-motivated approach to understand and characterize urban travel demand patterns through analysis of statistical properties of origin–destination demand networks. We compare selected network characteristics of travel demand patterns in two cities, presenting a comparative network-theoretic analysis of Chicago and Melbourne. The proposed approach develops an interdisciplinary and quantitative framework to understand mobility characteristics in urban areas. The paper explores statistical properties of the complex weighted network of urban trips of the selected cities. We show that travel demand networks exhibit similar properties despite their differences in topography and urban structure. Results provide a quantitative characterization of the network structure of origin–destination demand in cities, suggesting that the underlying dynamical processes in travel demand networks are similar and evolved by the distribution of activities and interaction between places in cities.     

Application of fuel-saving strategies onboard high-speed passenger ships

Strategies of fuel consumption onboard ships are of one of the crucial issues in marine shipping industry. Many of the relevant authorities maritime domain gave great interesting to that issue, either through research that discussed the impact of marine fuel consumption on the environment and economy of ships or through practical experiments’ that are made by marine engine manufacturers. Over the years, many solutions have been put forward to overcome this problem while maintaining the amount of goods transported globally at the same transfer rate and ship speed. The present paper sheds light on many of the methods used currently to reach this purpose. It is explained that applying a certain fuel-saving strategy will rely on some of the factors, especially the type of ship. Mainly two methods including: shore-side power and cold out of heat strategies have been investigated regarding adaption, economic, and environmental issues in case of applying onboard high-speed passenger ships.     

基于HyperWorks的载货车车架强度仿真分析

本文运用HyperWorks有限元分析方法,建立了载货车车架强度分析模型。确定了车架静态垂向、转弯、扭转和制动四种工况下的边界条件和载荷。强度分析结果为车架结构设计提供了理论依据。     

Design of ferrite magnet CFSM to improve speed response of EPS system

This paper deals with the speed response characteristic of the concentrated flux synchronous motor (CFSM) using ferrite magnets for the electric power steering (EPS) system. To analyze the response characteristic of the CFSM, an analytical method using the electromechanical undamped natural frequency and damping ratio based on the transfer function is proposed. By using the method, the speed response according to the variations of the shape of the permanent magnets (PMs) and rotor core is analyzed. It was analyzed under the conditions of the constant volume of the PMs as well as the constant diameter of the rotor. By using the proposed analysis method, the improved model is desgined based on the initial model fulfilling the required specifications. Finally, the torque and speed response characteristics of two motors are simulated through the finite element analysis (FEA) and MATLAB Simulink.     

Lifting Capability and Stress Analyses of the Crane System for a Large-Sized Tactical Wrecker

A large-sized tactical wrecker is a special-purpose vehicle that lifts and tows tactical vehicles and heavy loads. It consists of a crane, a post structure, outriggers and a suitable chassis truck, and during its initial design, the structural safety and tipping stability should be preemptively examined in terms of the layout of these components. This paper proposes computer-aided engineering (CAE) methods to evaluate the maximum lifting capacity of the wrecker and the structural safety of its crane during the initial design. The analytical model for the large-sized wrecker is constructed with 236 degrees of freedom by combining the crane system developed using the ADAMS macros with the dynamic model of large chassis truck with an axle suspension. The design parameters for the wrecker model that influence the tipping stability are selected, and then the maximum lifting loads with the corresponding changes are calculated. This parametric study shows that the characteristics of the boom and the layout of the outriggers greatly affect the maximum lifting capacity. Finite element (FE) analyses of the 1st stage boom and the 3rd stage boom show the stresses under the maximum overturning moment condition are within the allowable strength.     

Thread labeling for news event

Automatic thread labeling for news events can help people know different aspects of a news event. In this paper, we present a method to label threads of a news event. We use latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) topic model to extract news threads from news corpus. Our method first selects the thread words subset then extracts phrases based on co-occurrence calculation. The extracted phrase is then used as a label of a news thread. Experimental results show that about 60% of generated labels visualize the meaningful aspects of a news event. These labels can help people fast to capture many different aspects of a news event.     

高校思想政治教育中生态文明观教育的建设

生态文明建设是全面建设小康社会的重要目标之一，它的基本内容是建立节约能源和保护环境的产业结构，实现经济发展方式的转变。这种产业结构的调整和发展方式的转变，不仅有赖于国家的宏观调控和制度建设，而且有赖于全社会成员生态文明观的形成。高校大学生是未来社会的建设者，是生态文明建设的主力军，对高校大学生进行思想政治教育是培养生态文明观的重要途径。     

Ontology-based approach for legal provision retrieval

In this paper, we present an ontology-based approach for legal provision retrieval. The approach aims at assisting the man who knows little about legal knowledge to inquire appropriate provisions. Legal ontology and legal concept probability model are main functional components in our approach. Legal ontology is extracted from Chinese laws by the natural language processing (NLP) techniques. Legal concept probability model is built from corpus, and the model is used to bridge the gap between legal ontology and natural language inquiries.     

Mining evolving association rules for e-business recommendation

Association analysis is an effective data mining approach capable of unveiling interesting associations within a large dataset. Although widely adopted in e-business areas, it still has many difficulties when applied in practice. For instance, there is a mismatch between the static rules discovered and the drifting nature of the user interests, and it is difficult to detect associations from a huge volume of raw user data. This paper presents an effective approach to mine evolving association rules in order to tackle these problems. It is followed by a recommendation model based on the evolving association rules unveiled. Experimental results on an online toggery show that it can effectively unveil people’s shifting interests and make better recommendations accordingly.     

Effects of Injection Timing on Transient Performance of A Regulated Two-Stage Turbocharged Diesel Engine with Turbine Bypass Valve

The object of this paper is to reduce soot emissions under typical 5s transient conditions of constant speed and increasing torque. And effects of fuel injection timing on combustion and emissions parameters were experimentally and numerically studied in a regulated two-stage turbocharged diesel engine with a turbine bypass valve (TBV). The test results indicated that: the smaller TBV opening could improve deterioration of smoke emissions and BSFC at medium and heavy loads. Afterward, the full-stage injection timing (FSIT) strategies (delaying injection timing during the entire transient process) could reduce soot and NO_X emissions simultaneously. However, when TBV opening became larger, smoke emissions and BSFC were deteriorated gradually. Moreover, the sectional-stage injection timing (SSIT) strategies (advancing injection timing from 10 % load to a preset load and delaying injection timing from the preset load to 100 % load) could markedly reduce soot emissions by 75.8 % with TBV opening 20 %; the degradation of fuel consumption could be effectively suppressed. Finally, coupling the SSIT strategies with the TBV control strategies could significantly improve the transient performance.