CORS系统在航道工程测量中的应用

CORS系统在航道工程测量方面的应用前景十分广阔,该文介绍了CORS系统技术的基本原理,在航道工程测量中的应用以及与常规RTK相比所具有的特点。通过工程实例,展示CORS系统在超长作业区域中体现出的优越性能,阐述了CORS系统发展趋势。     

A medium-resolution wave hindcast study over the Central and Western Mediterranean Sea

The present study is aimed at determining the confidence limits of design wave parameters derived from numerical modeling—for both extremes and operational conditions—over the Central and Western Mediterranean Sea. The paper presents the methodology and results of an extensive validation activity conducted on a chain of medium-resolution third-generation wave models used for hindcast purposes. The stringent requirements of state-of-the-art coastal and offshore engineering applications over this area make the adoption of medium- or high-resolution hindcast wave and wind models almost mandatory because of the complex coastal geometry, bathymetry, and orography that in turn lead to large variations of the design wave parameters even within small regions. The chains of nested meteorological and wave models used in this hindcast study belong to the ETA and WaveWatch III families, respectively. In this study the wind and wave numerical models have been run over the past 20 years, with increasing resolutions of the wave models from 0.2° up to 0.04°. The results presented herein have 0.1° resolution for both wind and wave models. The wave data obtained are compared with available measurements from 14 wave buoys in coastal zones in the Central and Western Mediterranean Sea.     

On the vibrational characteristics of a two-tier scaled container stack

It is estimated that around 10,000 containers are lost during maritime transportation every year, representing an economic loss to the liner industry. Regulations and norms used to calculate values to secure them to the ship’s deck account for static loads only, neglecting more realistic conditions. This paper describes an approach to simulate a two-tier scaled model of a 20-ft ISO freight container and its linking connectors, denominated twist locks, subject to a dynamical load induced by its base. To analyze this problem two methods were employed: a shaking table test and finite-element analysis. Results of this study indicate that the numerical model built to simulate two-tier container stack dynamics is a promising tool for further studies. Moreover, the model is able to predict conditions close to real situations faced by container stacks while stored on deck.     

Study on a procedure for propulsive performance prediction for CRP-POD systems

The experimental procedure to predict the full-scale performance of the CRP-POD propulsion system is studied. In the CRP-POD system, the RPM ratio of the two propellers is not mechanically fixed, in contrast with conventional CRP systems. Therefore the existing procedure for conventional CRP systems is not appropriate for evaluating the performance of each propeller. In this paper, the characteristics of the CRP-POD system, designed for a 9,600 TEU class container carrier, are studied experimentally. Based on this study, a procedure for propulsive performance prediction for CRP-POD propulsion ships is suggested.     

Verification and validation study of URANS simulations for an axial waterjet propelled large high-speed ship

The accurate prediction of waterjet propulsion using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is of interest for performance analyses of existing waterjet designs as well as for improvement and design optimization of new waterjet propulsion systems for high-speed marine vehicles. The present work is performed for three main purposes: (1) to investigate the capability of a URANS flow solver, CFDSHIP-IOWA, for the accurate simulation of waterjet propelled ships, including waterjet–hull interactions; (2) to carry out detailed verification and validation (V&V) analysis; and (3) to identify optimization opportunities for intake duct shape design. A concentrated effort is applied to V&V work and performance analysis of waterjet propelled simulations which form the focus of this paper. The joint high speed sealift design (JHSS), which is a design concept for very large high-speed ships operating at transit speeds of at least 36 knots using four axial flow waterjets, is selected as the initial geometry for the current work and subsequent optimization study. For self-propelled simulations, the ship accelerates until the resistance equals the prescribed thrust and added tow force, and converges to the self propulsion point (SPP). Quantitative V&V studies are performed on both barehull and waterjet appended designs, with corresponding experimental fluid dynamics (EFD) data from 1/34 scale model testing. Uncertainty assessments are performed on iterative convergence and grid size. As a result, the total resistance coefficient for the barehull case and SPP for the waterjet propelled case are validated at the average uncertainty intervals of 7.0 and 1.1%D, respectively. Predictions of CFD computations capture the general trend of resistance over the speed range of 18–42 knots, and show reasonable agreement with EFD with average errors of 1.8 and 8.0%D for the barehull and waterjet cases, respectively. Furthermore, results show that URANS is able to accurately predict the major propulsion related features such as volume flow rate, inlet wake fraction, and net jet thrust with an accuracy of ~9%D. The flow feature details inside the duct and interference of the exit jets are qualitatively well-predicted as well. It is found that there are significant losses in inlet efficiency over the speed range; hence, one objective for subsequent optimization studies could be maximizing the inlet efficiency. Overall, the V&V work indicates that the present approach is an efficient tool for predicting the performance of waterjet propelled JHSS ships and paves the way for future optimization work. The main objective of the optimization will be reduction of powering requirements by increasing the inlet efficiency through modification of intake duct shape.     

集装箱码头泊位资源动态配置优化

集装箱码头泊位系统是一个典型的排队系统,船舶可视为系统的服务对象即顾客.将泊位及与之对应的岸桥作为一个整体可视为船舶排队系统的服务台,优化配置泊位资源就是基于这一特殊的排队系统进行最优的泊位数量决策.在对集装箱码头服务系统特性分析的基础上,基于排队论对集装箱码头泊位规模的确定进了数学建模,并开发了模拟迭代算法,结合实例分析显示了模型及算法的有效性.     

船舶柴油机装配质量信息管理系统设计与开发

为了提高船舶柴油机制造企业装配质量管理的效率及质量控制的能力,针对船舶柴油机制造企业的特点,建立了基于企业内部局域网的船舶柴油机装配质量管理系统模型并探讨了系统实现中的一些关键技术.最后开发了一个船舶柴油机装配质量管理系统,实现了检验卡模板管理、检验卡生成、装配质量数据管理等功能.实际应用表明,该系统能覆盖企业装配质量管理的主要环节,并具有良好的适应性.     

断层影响下隧道围岩稳定性的数值分析

断层等软弱结构面是隧道工程中最常见的一类规模较大的地质不连续面。诸多工程实践和研究表明,隧道围岩的变形与破坏大多受到断层等软弱结构面的控制。结合大华岭隧道施工过程,根据隧址区断层实际走向、断层面产状与隧道轴线不同夹角,利用基于有限元方法的岩土与隧道分析系统(MIDAS/GTS)对断层影响下的隧道围岩稳定性进行数值模拟分析,以DX(V)位移等值线数据分析为例,分析了特定施工段支护前后沉降对比及位移量,讨论了围岩和支护体系的结构状态及工程效果。该方法可为同类隧道设计、施工和研究提供有益借鉴。     

基于信息检索时间的不同类型指路标志极限信息量的研究

以驾驶员检索标志信息所需的时间为指标,探讨了十字图案对十字交叉指路标志信息量的影响,继而比较了其他指路标志图案与十字图案的差异,得出了不同类型指路标志极限信息量的结论.研究结果发现,上跨桥和立体交叉指路标志的极限信息量为5条,其他指路标志的极限信息量为6条.     

商用车吸能型前下部防护装置结构设计

针对某商用车前下部防护装置刚度不足的问题,应用拓扑优化与参数优化方法,对原车前下部防护板式支架结构进行重新设计,并在支架前端加装碰撞缓冲盒形梁.应用LS-DYNA软件对新设计的防护装置进行了仿真分析.结果表明,新的前下部防护装置不仅解决了原车防护装置刚度不足的问题,即具有碰撞阻挡功能,且能起到缓冲吸能的作用.