谈沈抚高速公路桥梁工程桥面系早期破损质量通病的预防

分析了高速公路桥面系早期破坏的原因,从沈抚高速公路的设计、施工等角度出发,就如何预防此类质量问题所采取的一系列措施,在所有的高速公路建设中具有推广意义.     

树脂混凝土强度预测的神经网络模型

本文运用均匀设计的方法进行树脂混凝土的配合比设计,用较少的试验取得较好的效果;建立了树脂混凝土的强度预测的神经网络模型,对试验的数据进行了训练和仿真,预测的结果与试验结果吻合非常好。     

西安城市快速轨道交通线网规划研究

通过对西安市经济发展和交通建设的现状及城市建设重点发展状况的研究,认为西安城市轨道交通进入快速发展时期,需依照科学发展观的要求,对线网规划进一步补充和完善。在研究西安市古城特点和发展总体规划的同时,分析城市客运交通走廊和主要客运交通枢纽的特点,构思线网方案,从客流角度分析、运用广义效用函数法计算,认为＂棋盘＋放射型＂的规划方案能保持客流量大的优点,线网直达性好,结构合理,均衡性好,对明城墙客流压力有较大缓解,其综合评价均优于其他方案,最终确定该方案为推荐方案。     

Mass transit systems of Beijing: governance evolution and analysis

Developing a more efficient mass transit system, in highly populated cities, improves the mobility, decreases the dependency of private cars, alleviates traffic congestion, and provides a more environmentally friendly means of travel. Recently, the city of Beijing decided to have a target of becoming as a ‘public-transport city’ with a fascinating mass transit system within a larger plan, of building humanistic, scientific and technological, and green public-transport systems. This work discusses the governance evolution of the mass transit system of Beijing between 1949–2008, comprised of two groups of transit systems, the road surface public-transport system (bus, tram, trolley, etc.), and the subway public-transport system. In addition, a time-series analysis is introduced in an attempt to examine the effect of governance evolution on the two transit systems, and of the impacts of the governance structural changes on the mass transit system. The time-series model is introduced using the annual statistics data of the period 1949–2008. The outcome of the analysis is viewed with precaution because of the incompleteness of the many endogenous and exogenous factors to affect the public-transport demand. Generally speaking it is concluded that the governance evolution provides beneficial effect of the Beijing mass transit activity; however, for satisfying the significant increase of the Beijing city’s travel demand and maintaining sustainable development, the governance-involvement pattern needs to be reformed.     

Hybrid model for prediction of bus arrival times at next station

Effective prediction of bus arrival times is important to advanced traveler information systems (ATIS). Here a hybrid model, based on support vector machine (SVM) and Kalman filtering technique, is presented to predict bus arrival times. In the model, the SVM model predicts the baseline travel times on the basic of historical trips occurring data at given time‐of‐day, weather conditions, route segment, the travel times on the current segment, and the latest travel times on the predicted segment; the Kalman filtering‐based dynamic algorithm uses the latest bus arrival information, together with estimated baseline travel times, to predict arrival times at the next point. The predicted bus arrival times are examined by data of bus no. 7 in a satellite town of Dalian in China. Results show that the hybrid model proposed in this paper is feasible and applicable in bus arrival time forecasting area, and generally provides better performance than artificial neural network (ANN)–based methods. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

清管发射器研究与应用

对清管发射器的研究和应用进行了详细介绍,描述了近几年清管发射器研究与应用的状况,指出了它们的优缺点,并提出了改进的措施。其中,水下清管发射器是研究的热点和难点,包括水下密封、深水压力和温度测量、水下控制方法等问题,使得水下发射尤其是深水发射尚未得到广泛使用。随着科学技术的发展,这些问题都会逐渐得到解决。     

大跨径铁路车站隧道施工力学特性研究

依托大(理)丽(江)铁路三线大跨车站隧道工程,对隧道(出口端跨度大于20 m)洞口段(48 m)进行了施工过程的三维有限元数值分析.通过对隧道围岩应力与塑性区分布状态的分析得出:大跨隧道核心土底部和边墙两侧出现了应力集中区域,拱顶部位易出现拉应力;临时横撑滞后4个循环(即8 m)可发挥作用,能够有效控制围岩应力分布形态和塑性区的发展;大跨隧道核心土塑性区完全贯通,最大塑性区出现于隧道两侧边墙中部.根据数值分析结果,在隧道应力集中区域进行注浆加固和合理的分部开挖,并从现场监控量测结果反馈出隧道围岩压力及钢拱架内力变化较小,说明隧道加固措施能够有效控制甥性区范围和减弱围岩应力集中现象.     

大伙房输水工程特长隧洞TBM选型及施工关键技术研究

大伙房输水工程隧洞长85.32 km,开挖洞径8.03 m,属于深埋特长隧洞.隧洞施工采用以TBM为主、钻爆法为辅的联合施工方式.隧洞穿越区域水文地质条件复杂,开挖中面临的主要工程地质问题有围岩稳定性、隧洞涌水、石英砂岩的掘进效率及岩爆等三大关键技术难题.文章通过对大量文献资料和工程实例的研究,概述了TBM近一个世纪的发展及其在隧道建设中的应用现状和主要问题.通过对大伙房特长隧洞所穿越区域的地质条件以及主要工程地质问题进行分析,并结合国内外已有的TBM施工经验,以及对特长隧洞TBM选型进行分析,决定选用锚喷支护+模筑混凝土复合衬砌结构支护系统代替管片衬砌结构,采用连续皮带机高速度出碴、TBM掘进独头长距离施工通风以及TBM洞内组装和检修等技术,对大伙房输水工程特长隧洞高速度、高标准、高质量的建成发挥了重要的保证作用,也可为今后类似工程提供参考和借鉴.     

带时间窗的混和车辆路径问题的优化算法研究

文章针对带时间窗约束的混合车辆路径问题的特点,建立了带时间窗的混合车辆路径问题的数学模型,并设计了变邻域禁忌搜索算法对该问题进行求解。通过标准算例测试及与现有文献计算结果的比较,验证了该算法的有效性。     

大洪山生态文化旅游区空间发展模式研究

文章针对近域旅游区主导旅游资源相似和相异并存的特点,提出旅游区＂整合-竞合＂发展模式（3C模式）,并以大洪山生态文化旅游区组织与规划为例,提出基于游客行为的旅游线路组织模式及相应的旅游公路网布局结构与交通设计理念。