桨叶剖面空泡形态发展特性研究

  目的  水下翼型空泡数下降到某个临界值后,翼型前缘位置的压强会降低而发生空化。在模型试验研究中,模型尺度翼型难以满足实尺度翼型的雷诺数,使得空化起始对应的空化数发生变化。  方法  为此,以航速为24 kn的标准KCS船采用的NACA 0012型船舵作为参照,基于STAR-CCM+软件,运用SST k-ω湍流模型和Schnerr-Sauer (S-S)空化模型对翼型空泡特性进行数值模拟。针对不同缩尺比模型,通过改变不同攻角时的翼型环境压强来计算翼型表面流场和空泡分布,得到空化起始对应的空化数,分析尺度效应对临界空化数的影响机理。  结果  结果表明,随着模型尺度的缩小,相应攻角下的翼型临界空化数也有一定程度的减小,说明雷诺数的差异会加剧尺度效应。  结论  因此,为防止尺度效应对起始空泡数的影响,模型试验中不宜选用较小尺度的翼型。     

首都机场线直线电机系统的轨道设计与创新

依据首都机场线的工程特点及直线电机系统的轮轨关系特性,介绍轨道设计的主要技术参数,包括轨距、轨底坡、曲线超高、轨枕布置间距等,说明直线电机车辆在轨道荷载体系、技术参数、设备选型及结构设计等方面与传统地铁有所不同,并阐述全线轨道设备与结构统一以及全面提高轨道平顺性的理念、创新技术.     

Would being driven by others affect the value of travel time? Ridehailing as an analogy for automated vehicles

Transportation - It is widely believed that vehicle automation will change how travelers perceive the value of travel time (VoTT), but the magnitude of this effect is still unknown. This study...     

新会基地码头软基加固监测及效果评价分析

以新会基地码头软基处理工程为例,着重介绍软土地基在堆载预压下土体的变形、固结过程。通过对地表沉降、孔隙水压力、水平位移的现场观测及对实测数据的分析,结果表明,堆载预压法能达到预期的加固目的,是经济可靠的软基加固方法。     

Developing green fleet management strategies: Repair/retrofit/replacement decisions under environmental regulation

The considerable cost of maintaining large fleets has generated interest in cost minimization strategies. With many related decisions, numerous constraints, and significant sources of uncertainty (e.g. vehicle breakdowns), fleet managers face complex dynamic optimization problems. Existing methodologies frequently make simplifying assumptions or fail to converge quickly for large problems. This paper presents an approximate dynamic programming approach for making vehicle purchase, resale, and retrofit decisions in a fleet setting with stochastic vehicle breakdowns. Value iteration is informed by dual variables from linear programs, as well as other bounds on vehicle shadow prices. Sample problems are based on a government fleet seeking to comply with emissions regulation. The model predicts the expected cost of compliance, the rules the fleet manager will use in deciding how to comply, and the regulation’s impact on the value of vehicles in the fleet. Stricter regulation lowers the value of some vehicle categories while raising the value of others. Such insights can help guide regulators, as well as the fleet managers they oversee. The methodologies developed could be applied more broadly to general multi-asset replacement problems, many of which have similar structures.     

Incentive measures to avoid the illegal parking of dockless shared bikes: the relationships among incentive forms,intensity and policy compliance

Transportation - The recent development of shared-bike systems in China has brought convenience for users, as well as great pressure on bicycle parking management. There is limited empirical...     

水下电磁传感器高压气防海生物技术研究

提出一种采用高压气间歇性对电磁传感器表面进行冲洗的方法，实现对海生物附着的防治。设计了高压气喷嘴，建立了高压气液两相流动力学模型，采用Fluent仿真软件对其水下喷气过程进行数值模拟计算分析，仿真结果显示，高压气可实现传感器表面全覆盖。设计了高压气自动冲洗装置海洋试验，试验结果表明该装置对于水下电磁传感器海生物防治效果良好     

岸电电源预同步并网方法研究

将岸电电源模拟为虚拟同步发电机的特性,可提升船舶电网对岸电电源的接纳能力,然而岸电电源在并入船舶电网时,通常存在较大的瞬间冲击电流。本文提出了一种预同步并网方法。首先介绍了虚拟同步发电机的原理,并分析其并网过程存在的问题,在此基础上提出了预同步的并网方法并介绍锁相环的设计。最后进行仿真研究,结果验证了所提方法的有效性。     

加工与存储温度对SBS改性沥青的性能影响分析

选取4个加工温度(160,170,180,190℃)与3个存储温度(90,120,150℃)对3种SBS改性沥青(E+S-YS,E+S-YY,S+S-YY)进行改性加工与存储;应用沥青常规试验与重复蠕变试验,进行了感温性、高温性能、低温性能的试验研究。研究结果表明:不同的加工温度与储存温度,对3种SBS改性沥青的性能影响不同,当加工温度为180℃、存储温度为150℃时,S-YY改性剂的改性沥青各项性能达到最优;当加工温度为170℃、存储温度为120℃时,S-YS改性剂的改性沥青各项性能达到最优。针对不同类型的SBS改性沥青提出相应的制备与存储的温度推荐值。     

三维布局问题计算方法综述

布局问题是一个组合最优化问题,众多学者对此进行了深入的研究,并提出了许多算法,算法的选择直接影响布局问题的计算速度和求解精度.搜索策略的不同,介绍了以下几种算法基于规则的启发式算法;传统最优化算法;遗传算法;模拟退火算法;改进模式搜索算法;混合算法.