AEB与可逆预紧安全带联合作用下乘员保护效果研究

针对自动紧急制动系统(AEB)导致乘员在碰撞前出现身体前倾和离位的现象,提出了使用可逆预紧安全带可以改善该现象,并且研究了在AEB和可逆预紧的联合作用下对不同坐姿乘员的保护效果.建立了某车型驾驶员侧包括正常坐姿和四种离位坐姿的约束系统仿真模型,并进行了验证.以五种坐姿乘员为研究对象,分别对比无AEB无可逆预紧,有AEB...     

Modeling traffic operation at signalized intersections without explicit left‐turn yielding rules with an enhanced cell transmission model

This paper presents an enhanced cell transmission model (CTM) to capture traffic operation at signalized intersections without explicit permissive left‐turn yielding rules (i.e. aggressive permissive left‐turn maneuvers may not necessarily yield to opposing through traffic), which can be widely observed in many developing countries. Different from previous studies that focus on traffic dynamics on approaching links, this study contributes to modeling traffic operations within the intersection. A novel cell transmission framework with various types of virtual cells is proposed to model the dynamics of traffic movements from approach to exit. The unique phenomenon of competitive occupying of the conflict point between the left turn and opposing through movements is modeled. The cell state indicating its blockage is proposed to capture the dynamic queue formulation and dissipation and to evaluate the operational traffic performance at the intersection. Field validation results show that the proposed model can capture the operation of traffic at signalized intersections without explicit permissive left‐turn yielding rules with significantly higher level of accuracy than traditional traffic flow models. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

隧道开挖中的应力旋转和裂隙塑性变形问题研究

通过对隧道开挖过程进行三维数值模拟,分析了隧道开挖过程中主应力方向的旋转变化,研究了主应力旋转与隧道裂隙塑性变形的关系,验证了"考虑应力主轴旋转的广义塑性原理"的正确性,并将数值模拟结果和相关试验成果进行了对比,得出了一致性的结论。研究结果表明,应力旋转基本在隧道开挖前后10 m左右的距离内完成,隧道开挖过程中的应力旋转可以引起裂隙塑性变形的突变,且对竖向和斜向裂隙的影响较大;可以根据应力旋转的变化规律合理地选择支护时机,依据应力旋转对裂隙的影响对隧道的重点部位进行超前加固。     

Modeling the interactions between car and bicycle in heterogeneous traffic

In this paper, a new cellular automata model is proposed to simulate the car and bicycle heterogeneous traffic on urban road. To capture the complex interactions between these two types of vehicles, a novel occupancy rule is adopted in the proposed model to consider the variable lateral distances of mixed vehicular traffic. Based on massive simulations, microscopic fundamental diagrams under different bicycle densities are devised. With these, the bicycle's spilling behavior is then investigated and discussed. In order to reflect the interference of a bicycle on a car, the interference transformation from friction state to block state is modeled explicitly. Finally, different simulation results under different occupancy rules indicate that the constant and fixed occupancy rule adopted in the previous studies might lead to overestimation of car flux in the heterogeneous traffic flows with different bicycle densities. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

轿车车顶结构的综合性能分析与评价

运用有限元数值模拟法研究了轿车车顶结构的模态特性、抗凹性能、覆雪强度、抗压强度等结构性能。系统评价了轿车车顶结构的静态、动态性能,包括载荷、边界条件的设置等,并给出了相应的评价准则及适用范围。将各个工况下的评价体系进行整合,得到合理的综合评价体系,为整车设计或车顶结构的相关产品研发提供了参考。     

千岛湖大桥V形墩有限元分析和施工研究

介绍了千岛湖大桥主桥的墩座、V形墩斜腿、箱梁、箱梁预应力各部分的结构设计方案.通过对大桥主桥结构进行整体平面杆系有限元分析及对墩梁结合部进行空间有限元分析,验证整体结构和局部结构的受力合理性,提出了全桥施工方案,进一步确保V形墩结构的安全和质量.     

基于ANSYS的半挂车车架动态分析

车架可靠性对整车的安全性有着重要的作用。为了获得车架的动态特性,运用SOLIDWORKS建立某半挂车车架有限元模型,并在ANSYS中对车架做了动载荷、模态、谐响应等动态分析。在分析的基础上为车架的结构改进提供了理论依据。     

一种减轻装有EPS汽车转向扭矩的控制策略

本文提出了一种新的电动助力转向系统的控制策略,以减小车辆静止时改变方向所需的转向力。以前尝试通过减少不良的转向振动来减少转向扭矩失败的原因是因为高辅助增益往往会产生震荡或增加噪声敏感性。为了消除此种振动,开发出一种基于控制齿轮角速度的控制策略,它是在简化的转向模型的基础上开发出来的。这个实验获得了很好的齿轮角速度的估计值,这样就有可能消除方向盘所有旋转速度下的振动。实验证明在方向盘大转速变换下,转向扭矩显著降低,无振动传输给司机。所提出的控制策略使用一个辅助来获得超过原来的三倍以上的增益。此外,所提出的控制策略不需要补充传感器。     

T型梁桥新增体外预应力施工控制

根据T形梁桥新增体外预应力工程施工特点,阐述了体外预应力施工过程中的施工平台设计、施工组织管理、施工工艺和主要质量控制点等内容,并针对工程中容易出现的问题,制定了相应的技术措施.     

装备手动变速器的商用车加速噪声试验方法修订建议

欧洲经济委员会于2007年颁布了汽车加速行驶车外噪声试验新方法并计划将其发展为ECE R51/03系列。通过对验证试验结果的分析发现,部分装备手动变速器的商用车,由于发动机转速及传动系速比特性无法达到新方法中规定的目标条件,从而无法选择合适的试验挡位。为此,结合GB 1495—2002中对类似情况的处理方式及ECE R51/03系列法规的宗旨,提出了对相应条款进行修订的建议。