在既有铁路线改造中实施安全监理的探讨

结合监理工作的实践 ,总结既有线改造工程的各个阶段监理工作的特点和重点 ,以及遇到特殊问题的处理原则和方法 ,强调监理工作的首要任务是保障安全 ,同时也要保证工程质量和投资进度的合理性。     

振冲碎石桩在公路软土地基处理中的应用

介绍在采用振冲碎石桩加固软弱土地基的工程中 ,根据加固地基承载力标准值、加固前地基承载力、土的压缩模量等参数进行桩的设计 ,以及在施工中正确选择施工参数的体会和施工中的注意事项。     

关于铝热焊超声波探伤异常反射的原因探讨

铝热焊接头的探伤常常会有超声波的异常反射发生,这种反射有时并不是由伤损引起的。本文探讨了这种异常反射形成的原因。     

中国铁通支撑网之一同步网

对中国铁通既有同步网现状和国内外同步网近期的发展，以及目前普遍使用的GPS系统进行了介绍，并对中国铁通同步网进行了分析，提出发展思路。     

船体结构CAD技术研究

分析了国内外CAD技术在船体结构设计中应用和研究的现状,介绍了自主研发的基于面向对象的船体结构三维建模系统,描述了该系统的设计思想,对一些技术做了探索和研究.通过可视化界面,自顶向下地构造出船体不同类型的结构模型,智能化的系统满足了船体结构优化设计的需要.     

面向嵌入式系统的组态支撑技术

描述了嵌入式系统和组态的定义，介绍了嵌入式系统的构成，通用组态软件的构成和特点。接看对面向嵌入式系统的组态软件和本组态支撑软件进行了分析。并对各模块的功能和模块工作流程进行了详细的介绍。软件设计体现了数据与代码分离的特点，并且采用数据驱动的工作方式。     

Dynamics of inorganic nutrient species in the Bohai seawaters

Within the frame of a Sino-German Joint Research Program, two cruises of “R/V Dong Fang Hong 2” were carried out in September–October 1998 and April–May 1999, respectively, to understand the dynamics of nutrients in the Bohai. Nutrient species (NO₃⁻, NO₂⁻, NH₄⁺, PO₄³⁻ and SiO₃²⁻) are determined colorimetrically on board for five anchor and 30 grid stations. In situ incubation experiments are performed to determine planktonic nutrient uptake and benthic exchange flux. Nutrient concentrations display short-term variability and seasonal change in the Bohai, with higher levels in shallow coastal waters than in the Central Bohai. The influence of riverine discharge on nutrient levels can be seen from salinity isopleths, nutrient distribution and species ratios. Near-bottom (nb) waters have similar nutrient concentrations as to the surface waters in the Central Bohai, whereas stratification takes place in the Bohai Strait and North Yellow Sea. In situ incubation experiments provide evidence that the uptake ratio (i.e. N, P) by phytoplankton is proportional to the ratios among nutrient species in ambient waters. Based on the data of this study and previously publications, a preliminary estimate of nutrient budgets via riverine input and atmospheric deposition is established. The results indicate that atmospheric deposition gains importance over rivers in delivering nutrients into the Bohai and sustain the new production, following recent decrease in riverine inflow caused by drought periods in North China and damming practices. A historical review of nutrient data indicates that concentrations of nitrogen increase and phosphorus and silica decrease in the Central Bohai over last 40 years. This potentially has an important influence on the health of ecosystem in Bohai (e.g. food web and community structure), though further study is needed to examine the scenario in more detail.     

船用电器柜抗冲击设计研究

为增强船内部电器柜的抗冲击性能,采用有限元法对船内不同安装型式的电器柜结构进行了模态和抗冲击性能仿真分析,通过对比分析得出了使用撑杆加固型式安装的电器柜能显著提高船内电器柜的抗冲击性能的结论,并确定了电器柜抗冲击优化设计方案。     

Nanoparticle emission characteristics and reduction strategies by boost pressure control and injection strategies in a passenger diesel engine

This research attempted to analyze nanoparticles and other harmful exhaust emissions in accordance with injection strategies and air-fuel ratio (AFR) changes for small diesel engines. The emission characteristics were analyzed in the medium-speed condition, which is the main driving range of a diesel engine. In the case of particulate matter (PM), the number of particles was measured, analyzed, and compared to identify the correlation and emission characteristics of nanoparticles by using a dilution device and condensation particle counter (CPC), which are international standards for particle measurement recommended by the Particulate Measurement Programme (PMP). The engine torque tended to be reduced as pilot injections were added, and the torque was increased by the increased boost pressure, but reduced by the exhaust pressure increase in a part of the low-load range. The number of nanoparticles was not influenced greatly by the change in AFR, but the reduction effect on the PM weight was great depending on the boost pressure increase. In addition, the number of nanoparticles tended to increase as the fuel injection timing became closer to TDC in all conditions, and its difference became larger with an increase in AFR. In addition, in the case of the pilot injection, nanoparticle emission showed similar characteristics depending on the main injection timing, but it was increased by advanced injection timing when performing the main injection only, and the number of the nanoparticles increased as pilot injections were added. Last, the optimal conditions for EMS calibration were analyzed by selecting the conditions of torque reduction and NOx increase within 5 % from all of the engine operating conditions; optimized conditions are presented.     

基于Simulink的幅压并励直流电动机运行特性仿真

分析了并励直流电动机的等效电路及数学模型,并通过MATLAB中的Simulink功能对某型船用直流幅压电机的运行特性进行建模,对该电机的空载、带额定负载以及电压突变时的运行状况进行了仿真。抽取一台样机进行了试验,通过仿真与试验结果的对比,检验了建立的电机模型的准确性,说明可以通过该模型的仿真研究幅压并励直流电动机的各种工况,从而验证电机的设计是否合理,保证电机可靠运行。