带增程器的电动车控制系统设计

为了提高电动车的操控性,电机控制系统的灵活性并延长续驶里程,克服目前常用控制方法的弊端,设计了一种以单片机结合专用控制芯片的带增程器的电动车控制系统.介绍了系统的控制方案,通过数学计算和模拟仿真,设计并评价整车的控制策略.该系统采用模块化设计,专用控制芯片负责对电机的直接控制以减少单片机的工作负担,单片机主要负责对专用芯片的控制,并依据蓄电池SOC值控制增程器的开闭,实现整车系统的控制策略,实现了整车、增程器、电机控制的有效结合.最后测试了电机响应性能并进行了整车调试.     

湿热环境下混凝土受酸雨腐蚀的试验研究

为了揭示酸雨环境下混凝土性能的劣化规律,分别配置p H1.5、p H2.5和p H3.5的3种溶液来模拟不同酸度的酸雨,在实验室自动喷淋装置中模拟降雨和加热干燥,采用干湿交替的试验方法对100个C40混凝土试件进行不同程度的加速腐蚀,得出不同腐蚀状态下混凝土外观、质量、中性化、抗压强度的变化规律。试验结果表明：随着腐蚀时间的延长混凝土的外观有不同程度的劣化,中性化深度不断加深。混凝土质量、抗压强度在p H2.5和p H3.5条件下都是先短暂地增大后逐渐减小,而在p H1.5条件下是一直递减。     

大功率燃料电池汽车氢循环系统性能分析

大功率氢燃料电池商用车是推动氢能应用的聚焦点,而设计高效可靠的氢循环系统对其性能至关重要.本文中以200 kW大功率燃料电池系统为例,研究分析了4种氢循环系统方案,基于理论分析和CFD模拟结果,建立了氢循环装置性能评价指标,从不同方面分析总结了各氢循环方案的特点.结果 表明,引射器和氢泵联合使用可以显著减小氢泵的功率消...     

纤维二灰碎石基层材料耐水性试验研究

二灰碎石是目前高等级公路中常用的基层材料之一。其优点很多,适用范围也很广,但是如果材料组合不当,二灰碎石基层容易在温湿状况变化时产生裂缝,影响到路面的使用性能及耐久性。对路面基层材料来说,水稳定性又是耐久性的主要方面。通过在二灰碎石基层材料中掺入纤维质材料,对基层耐水性进行试验研究。试验包括二灰碎石失水试验、干湿交替循环试验和耐水性试验三方面。试验结果表明,在二灰碎石基层材料中掺入纤维质材料后,可明显抑制二灰碎石基层的失水速率;干湿交替循环试验后,掺纤维的二灰试件平均质量差明显降低;经过60d的耐水试验后,其二灰碎石基层的整体强度提高。在二灰碎石基层材料中,掺入纤维质材料进行改性,可有效提高二灰基层的水稳定性能,这对于道路基层材料的耐久性的提高及使用寿命的延长均具有良好的作用。     

郊区自驾游旅游交通指引标志设置研究

当前旅游交通指引标志设置中存在缺乏区域系统考虑、设置分散、旅游信息过于集中等问题,导致自驾游出行者难以及时、准确、连续地获得指引信息。针对这一问题,从郊区自驾游出行者的需求出发,构建区域入口、区域内部、景区附近的旅游交通三级指引系统。重点探讨二级指引标志的设计原则与方法,提出在景区重要度分类和道路节点重要度分级的基础上,确定各景区指引范围和各道路节点指引容量,对旅游交通指引标志进行选址。最后以河北省平山县为例,对提出的旅游交通指引标志设置方法进行实证研究。     

Method to simplify ship outfitting and offshore plant equipment three-dimensional (3-D) computer-aided design (CAD) data for construction of an equipment catalog

The construction of an equipment catalog is necessary in ship outfitting and offshore plant design. We investigated the present status of equipment catalogs in shipyards and revealed several requirements for the catalogs, which are manually created and time-consuming. We defined the requirements by analyzing the construction procedure of the equipment catalog and conducted interviews with shipyard employees. In addition, problems with conventional equipment catalog construction are described, and a new procedure for the construction of an equipment catalog is introduced. By analyzing shipyard requirements, criteria for simplification (including volume, ports, and the outer boundary) are defined. Further analysis of technological factors for simplification is performed, and the results of implementing the simplification system are described. The proposed system is verified using three test cases used on site.     

路用建筑垃圾击实特征试验分析

对不同配比的建筑垃圾进行重型击实试验,得到了每种配合料的最佳含水率和最大干密度曲线图,结果表明建筑垃圾的配比对最佳含水率、最大干密度影响明显。另外,通过对击实后的建筑垃圾配合料分上、中、下三层进行筛分,得到每层配合料的筛分曲线图,并且求得各层配合料的不均匀系数Cu、曲率系数Cc等。通过三层材料的筛分数据对比可知建筑垃圾材料在击实作用下各层的粒径差异,对比建筑垃圾材料击实前与击实后的粒径差异,可以清楚的得到建筑垃圾在受到击实作用后颗粒粒径的变化特征。     

Development of engine control using the in-cylinder pressure signal in a high speed direct injection diesel engine

Emission regulations are becoming more stringent and remain a principal issue for vehicle manufacturers. Many engine subsystems and control technologies have been introduced to meet the demands of these regulations. For diesel engines, combustion control is one of the most effective approaches for reducing not only engine exhaust emissions but also cylinder-by-cylinder variation. However, the high cost of pressure sensors and the complex engine head design for additional equipment present difficulties for manufacturers. In this paper, cylinder pressure-based engine control logic is introduced for a multi-cylinder high speed direct injection (HSDI) diesel engine. The time for 50% of the mass fraction to be burned (MFB50) and the IMEP are valuable for determining the combustion status. These two in-cylinder quantities are measured and applied to the engine control logic. Fuel injection timing is controlled to adjust the operating MFB50 to the target MFB50 using PID control logic, and the fuel injection quantity is controlled to adjust the measured IMEP to the desired IMEP. The control logic is demonstrated at steady state and during transient conditions and is applied to an NEDC mode test.     

超高韧性水泥基复合材料在隧道二次衬砌中的应用分析

超高韧性水泥基复合材料(UHTCC)以其良好的延性和多裂缝稳态开展性能,近年来受到工程界的青睐。通过建立模拟隧道空间开挖的二维有限元模型,对由UHTCC和普通混凝土构成的二次衬砌的内力、安全系数以及洞周位移等进行了对比分析,研究了二次衬砌厚度变化对其安全系数和结构稳定性的影响。计算结果表明,二次衬砌结构的安全系数随衬砌截面厚度呈非线性增加,由于UHTCC具有低刚度、高韧性的特点,在同等条件下,UHTCC材料的二衬支护结构的安全系数较普通混凝土材料提高2～3倍。