节能轴支架的作用原理设计方法和叶剖面优化

介绍了节能轴支架的作用机理、设计方法和叶剖面的优化。节能轴支架的作用机理与桨前固定导轮相似 ,但设计要比桨前固定导轮简化 ,并要兼顾轴支架自身的作用和要求。文中详细给出了轴支架的布置形式和在船模试验中获得的显著节能效果。试验结果证明把轴支架的两支臂设计成有约 1 0°的收缩角可增大节能轴支架的预旋作用 ,从而增大节能效果 ,使轴支架的节能效果达约 1 2 %。空泡试验和激振力测量结果表明 ,把Eppler的翼型势流设计方法设计翼型与解 N-S方程进行流场分析相结合 ,用层流型高升阻比翼型优化节能轴支架是成功的 ,能有效地降低轴支架的阻力和推迟空泡初生 ,从而有利于节能轴支架在高速船上推广应用。实船安装证明本文的设计方法是成功的     

乘务员、旅客对列车厕所的主观评价

采用主观询问的方法对列车直排式和密闭式的清扫方式，是否有臭味，以及对厕所排泄方式的选择进行了调查。结果表示：９７．５０％的乘务员认为密闭抽真空式厕所清扫方便，一次冲洗能干净（８７．５０％），１００％选择密闭轴真空式厕所。旅客对厕所臭味的评价，无论是工人农民，干部及其他人群认为密闭式厕所无臭味均在８０％以上。     

对客运专线车站到发线有效长的再认识

分析影响客运专线车站到发线有效长的因素,给出客运专线车站到发线有效长的理论计算方法,根据各型动车组牵引特性参数、CTCS-2级列控系统技术条件,计算并确定客运专线车站到发线有效长为650 m,并从对客运专线能力、工程投资的影响两方面与原确定的700 m到发线有效长度进行对比分析。     

《铁路轨道设计规范》编制的主要内容及特点

《铁路轨道设计规范》为首次编制,为使广大设计人员更好地理解和应用,针对规范编制的主要特点、主要条文的制定原则、重要参数的取值方法进行重点说明。     

大功率中压柴油发电机组的研发和应用

简要论述首台国产电力推进用的3 000 kW船用中压柴油发电机组在机械方面研发的关键技术和机组试验情况.     

沿海地区雨水系统规划研究

前后海片区是深圳特区内填海较集中的地区,排水隐患较多。该文对现状雨水系统进行了分析,指出现状雨水系统存在的问题,并对问题原因进行分析,提出前后海片区雨水系统规划的原则和标准。同时对排水设计标准、旧村改造、山洪截流、填海方式、排水设施维护管理、填海施工组织等方面提出具体改造对策。可供沿海城市类似的雨水系统规划设计参考。     

Comparison of HC species from diesel combustion modes and characterization of a heat-up doc formulation

This study summarizes engine speed and load effects on HC species emissions from premixed charge compression ignition (PCI) and conventional diesel combustion, and it evaluates diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) formulations on a gas flow reactor for the purpose of diesel particulate filter regeneration or lean NO_x trap desulfation. HC emissions are sampled simultaneously by a Tedlar bag for light HC species and by a Tenax TA™ adsorption trap for semi-volatile HC species, and they are analyzed by gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector. The bulk temperature and residence time during combustion are key parameters that are important for understanding the effects of speed and load on engine-out HC emissions. The degree of post-flame oxidation is higher in PCI than in conventional combustion, and it is increased for PCI with a higher speed and load, as indicated by a lower fuel alkanes/THC ratio, a higher alkenes/fuel alkanes ratio, and a higher methane/THC ratio. Ethene and n-undecane are two representative HC species, and they are used as a surrogate mixture in the gas flow reactor to simulate PCI and conventional combustion with in-cylinder post fuel injection. Among the three DOC formulations tested, the catalyst with constituent precious metals of platinum and palladium (PtPd) showed the best light-off performance, followed by PtPd with an addition of cerium dioxide (PtPd+CeO₂), and platinum (Pt), regardless of exhaust compositions. Conventional combustion exhaust composition shows a lower light-off temperature than that of PCI, regardless of catalyst formulation.     

Lane-following method for high speed autonomous vehicles

This paper presents a steering control method for lane-following in a vehicle using an image sensor. With each image frame acquired from the sensor, the steering control method determines target position and direction, and constructs a travel path from the current position to the target position either as an Arc-path or S-path. The steering angle is calculated from the travel path thus generated, and the vehicle follows the travel path via motor-control. The method was tested using a vehicle dubbed as KAV (Korea Autonomous Vehicle) along an expressway (Seoul Inner Beltway) trajectory with a variety of radii (50 m ∼ 300 m) while traveling at a speed of 60 km/h to 80 km/h. Compared with an experienced human driver, the method showed little much difference in performance in terms of lane-center deviation. The proposed method is currently employed for high speed autonomous driving as well as for stop and go traffic.     

低等级公路特长隧道半横向通风应用与探讨——九寨仙境隧道通风设计

双向行车的隧道通风,除了维持洞内空气的卫生标准和规定的视距外,还必须有利于火灾时的排烟和人车避难,这在特长隧道是很困难的。我国已建成的4 km以上的双向行车隧道,均采用有平行导洞的纵向式通风,但此种方式缺点很多。文章吸取了国外经验,提出采用半横向式通风,并对此种通风方式提出了一些改进意见及推导了应用公式。     

应用流式细胞术检测17β-雌二醇对H2O2诱导的视网膜神经细胞凋亡的保护作用

目的用流式细胞技术(FACS)检测H2O2诱导的视网膜神经细胞凋亡以及17β-雌二醇(βE2)对细胞的保护作用。方法取新生24 h内的SD大鼠进行视网膜神经细胞的原代培养,待细胞培养4-5 d,经不同因素处理后,用MTT法检测细胞存活率,用FACS法检测细胞凋亡率。结果200μmol/L的H2O2能有效诱导视网膜神经细胞凋亡;低浓度的H2O2不能诱导细胞凋亡,但高浓度的H2O2诱导细胞凋亡的同时也导致了正常细胞比率的锐减;10μmol/L的βE2能有效对抗H2O2诱导的视网膜神经细胞凋亡;低浓度的βE2对细胞未表现出保护作用,高浓度的βE2对细胞反而表现出毒性作用。结论一定浓度的βE2在一定范围内能对抗H2O2诱导的视网膜神经细胞凋亡,表现对神经细胞保护的作用。