Joint Tomlinson-Harashima source and linear relay precoder design in amplify-and-forward multiple-input multiple-output two-way relay systems

Existing minimum-mean-squared-error (MMSE) transceiver designs in amplified-and-forward (AF) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) two-way relay systems all assume a linear precoder at the sources. Nonlinear source precoders in such a system have not been considered yet. In this paper, we study the joint design of source Tomlinson-Harashima precoders (THPs), relay linear precoder and MMSE receivers in two-way relay systems. This joint design problem is a highly nonconvex optimization problem. By dividing the original problem into three sub-problems, we propose an iterative algorithm to optimize precoders and receivers. The convergence of the algorithm is ensured since the updated solution is optimal to each sub-problem. Numerical simulation results show that the proposed iterative algorithm outperforms other algorithms in the high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) region.     

Multi-channel spectrum sensing in cognitive ad-hoc networks: An energy-efficient manner

Cognitive radio,which is capable of enabling dynamic spectrum access,is a promising technology in future wireless communication.The feasibility of cognitive radio network greatly depends on the energy efciency and reliability of spectrum sensing technology.In this paper,spectrum sensing in cognitive ad-hoc network（CAN）with wide-band dynamic spectrum is considered.A cognitive cluster head（CCH）is set and responsible for dividing the wide-band spectrum into multiple sub-channels;it can either sense sub-channels in a centralized manner,or make use of sensing modules to sense sub-channels in a distributed manner.Then cognitive users（CUs）can get sensing results and access to the available sub-channel.We take the cost of control message into consideration and formulate the energy consumption of CAN in terms of sub-channel sampling rate and whole-band sensing time.We define energy efciency intuitively and solve the energy efciency optimization problem with sensing reliability constraints by constructing a parametric problem and obtain the optimal sampling rate and the wholeband sensing time.Power dissipation model of a practical A/D convertor（ADC）is introduced,and numerical results are given to show the energy efciency performance of two diferent sensing manners.     

基于DEFORM的空压机曲轴圆角滚压过程仿真与分析

应用DEFORM软件对曲轴滚压模型进行滚压过程的数值模拟,研究在滚压过程中危险部位的滚压应力和残余情况,以及滚压参数(滚压圈数、滚压速度、滚轮半径等)对残余应力的影响;接着对曲轴模型进行疲劳强度分析,研究其在受载情况下轴颈部位的应力变化情况。研究表明:圆角滚压技术是提高曲轴疲劳强度最有效的方法,不仅可以降低曲轴表面粗糙度、提高硬度,还可以减少应力集中、降低成本、提高生产效率。     

布置错位通道的微混合器内流体热混合特性

基于常规平面微混合器内流体混合特性的研究,对布置错位通道的微混合器进行了三维数值模拟,分析了指定Reynolds数范围内微通道内流体的热混合特性.计算模型采用有限体积法离散、SIMPLEC算法进行层流计算.结果表明,温度在指定范围变化时,其对混合性能的扰动作用较小.此外,由于错位通道结构所产生的漩涡在促进混合的同时降低了流体工质的温度.     

基于声发射技术的混凝土梁破坏损伤过程的试验研究

对不同特征混凝土简支梁进行了加载破坏的声发射试验,通过有限元计算确定荷载范围以及不同梁的加载应力与应变变化规律。试验加载过程中测试梁上控制点处的应变及声发射信号,通过应力变化及外观观察,记录梁的受力状态和裂纹产生的条件,通过分析试验全过程中的声发射信号能量时程图,得到简支梁破坏过程中的能量变化特征、频率分布范围及特点,以及不同特征简支梁破坏过程中声发射能量参数的变化规律。试验表明,声发射技术监测混凝土梁的状态及损伤破坏有一定的优势。     

公共交通优先发展模式下的道路空间再分配——以北京市旧城为例

北京市旧城内道路空间有限,难以通过新建干路、道路提级、路网加密等规划手段实现公共交通路权分配优先。首先将北京市公交专用车道与国际典型城市进行对比,指出旧城公共交通系统存在的与道路空间密切相关的六方面问题,并提出采用道路空间再分配、先进的ITS技术支持以及多方式服务水平评价的综合对策加以解决。重点围绕道路空间再分配展开探讨,从公交专用车道时空再分配、公共汽车站空间再分配、自行车冲突空间避让三方面详细阐述解决方案。     

基于动态圆锥贯入检测的农村公路路基施工质量控制

控制路基施工质量的传统方法和先进技术都有一定的局限性,通过总结国内外的资料以及室内试验,研究了动态圆锥贯入(DCP)检测所得的贯入比率PR和加州承载比CBR、土基回弹模量E0以及土基压实度的关系,从而得出采用动态圆锥贯入仪控制农村公路的路基施工质量具有良好的适用性.     

What determines commute time choices? A structural equation modelling approach

Abstract

Many researchers have been attracted by the phenomenon of constant travel time, and the time spent on travel has been an important indicator of understanding travellers’ behaviours. This paper is based on a survey conducted in a university in London which includes both objective and subjective variables in relation to commute time and some demographic characteristics. Two conceptual structural models are examined in order to explore the factors determining travellers’ choices. Results of the analysis reveal some interesting relationships: (1) a positive relationship between age and commute time; (2) females are more likely to read or listen to music during their journeys, and their ideal commute time (ICT) and current commute time (CCT) generally tend to be longer; (3) academic staff tend to have the habit of working during their commute, administrative staff tend to commute longer while students tend to spend a shorter time commuting; (4) normally, a habit while travelling is significantly associated with CCT; those with a habit of reading or working during their commute journey tend to have longer commute times and (5) the relationship between CCT and commuters’ ICT and tolerable commute time is positive; both hypothesised causal relationships are significant so that a loop is formed between subjective and objective variables, and thus a dynamic modelling process could be envisaged as temporal sequences of those variables.     

Optimal tank-trailer routing using the ILOG constraint programming – a Taiwan case study

Abstract

This paper investigates the routing of pressurized tank trailers and proposes a scheduling plan which ensures the practical delivery of industrial gases under the objective of reducing transportation costs. Using constraint programming, we solve a combinatorial optimization problem that incorporates both hard and soft constraints for routing and scheduling tank trailers. Hard constraints are resource and safety/regulation constraints, whereas soft constraints are utilization and efficiency constraints. This approach enables tank-trailer routing and scheduling management to consider different combinations of parameters and view the results in ‘real-time.’ The routing and scheduling results based on a case study in Taiwan fulfil the goals of avoiding risks associated with transporting industrial gases, and attaining efficient delivery while conforming to regulations and consistent with good business practice. The results also suggest that significant economies in distribution costs are possible.     

Incorporating e-Technology to Advantage in a Greener Taxi Industry and its Impact on Driving Performance and Safety

Abstract

New technologies, especially advances in telecommunications, have had profound impacts on everyday life and brought even greater changes to some business models. Taxis represent one of the major modes of transportation in urban areas but they face a number of problems, including their environmental impacts. The status of the taxi industry in Taiwan is revealed and analyzed in this study. A new business model for the extensive and popular use of smart phones is proposed. However, it is important to know whether their use is both effective and safe. Two field experiments were executed to examine the effects on taxi drivers of using a navigation system installed in a GPS PDA phone. The results revealed that the efficiency of drivers using such a portable navigation system was better than those relying on paper maps in unfamiliar urban areas. Furthermore, performance in terms of safety was also better than those who used an on-board navigation system. In summary, incorporating e-technology can promote a taxi company's competitiveness and a driver's performance and safety as well as offer environmental benefits.