A modelling system to simulate goods movements at an urban scale

The paper reports a modelling system to simulate goods movements at an urban scale. It allows joint analysis of choices made by end-consumers (assumed to be families) and retailers. These movements are examined at two levels: analysis of commodity flows, in terms of quantity, generated by the consumption of commodities; analysis of commodity flows, in terms of vehicles, due to restocking. The first level allows us to calculate the goods quantity flows due to consumption and restocking; the second level allows us to determine the service, vehicles used and target time, as well as the route chosen for restocking sales outlets in order to estimate vehicle flows on the urban/metropolitan transportation network. The modelling system is a multi-step model and considers a disaggregated approach for each decisional level.     

A comprehensive analysis of household transportation expenditures relative to other goods and services: an application to United States consumer expenditure data

This paper proposes a multiple discrete continuous nested extreme value (MDCNEV) model to analyze household expenditures for transportation-related items in relation to a host of other consumption categories. The model system presented in this paper is capable of providing a comprehensive assessment of how household consumption patterns (including savings) would be impacted by increases in fuel prices or any other household expense. The MDCNEV model presented in this paper is estimated on disaggregate consumption data from the 2002 Consumer Expenditure Survey data of the United States. Model estimation results show that a host of household and personal socio-economic, demographic, and location variables affect the proportion of monetary resources that households allocate to various consumption categories. Sensitivity analysis conducted using the model demonstrates the applicability of the model for quantifying consumption adjustment patterns in response to rising fuel prices. It is found that households adjust their food consumption, vehicular purchases, and savings rates in the short run. In the long term, adjustments are also made to housing choices (expenses), calling for the need to ensure that fuel price effects are adequately reflected in integrated microsimulation models of land use and travel.     

Estimation method for railway passengers’ train choice behavior with smart card transaction data

Smart card systems have become the predominant method of collecting public transport fares in Japan. Transaction data obtained through smart cards have resulted in a large amount of archived information on how passengers use public transportation. The data have the potential to be used for modeling passenger behavior and demand for public transportation. This study focused on train choices made by railway passengers. If each passenger’s train choice can be identified over a long period of time, this information would be useful for improving the customer relationship management of the railway company and for improving train timetables. The aim of this study was to develop a methodology for estimating which train is boarded by each smart card holder. This paper presents a methodology and an algorithm for estimation using long-term transaction data. To validate the computation time and accuracy of the estimation, an empirical analysis is carried out using actual transaction data provided by a railway company in Japan. The results show that the proposed method is capable of estimating passenger usage patterns from smart card transaction data collected over a long time period.     

供应链环境下销售商的风险分析及评估

利用风险因素分析和多级模糊综合评估相结合的方法进行风险评估,建立相应模型,进一步用风险系数量化销售商风险的大小.     

Simulation of unsteady free-surface flow around a ship hull using a fully coupled multi-phase flow method

An accurate, efficient algorithm for solving free surface flows around ship hulls is described. Accuracy is achieved using a compressive advection discretization which maintains a sharp free surface interface representation without relying on a small time step. Efficiency is obtained using a solution algorithm which implicitly couples velocity, pressure, and volume fractions. The algorithm has been implemented in a computational fluid dynamics code called CFX and is validated by means of a comparisonwith experimental data of benchmark cases in both steady and transient conditions.     

摩托车燃油蒸发排放测试方法简介(3)

(上接2007年第7期) 2.2.2密闭室法 a)昼间换气损失:1)摩托车以50 km/h匀速运行至少10 km以上,或按CNS 11386-D3165连续行驶10次以上(预处理规定与美国加州不同).2)在(25±5)℃室温放置6～36 h.3)预处理试验用燃油.4)燃油放干净,注入油温低于15.5℃、放置量为油箱实际容积(50±2.5)%的试验油.5)加装测试用温度传感器.6)摩托车放置在温度为(25±5)℃密闭室内.7)试验开始前,标定分析仪.8)使用电热带,按规定升温曲线加热油箱(美国加州标准中不区分外露式和非外露式油箱;台湾燃油蒸发排放标准中油箱加热曲线有2条,其中外露式油箱加热曲线与美国加州相同).     

利用全站仪进行曲线放样

介绍GPS测量受限时利用全站仪进行曲线放样的原理、有关公式的推导、计算方法、操作步骤及与GPS测设的精度比较。     

合宁客运专线列控的相关思考

合宁客运专线于2008年4月18日正式开通运营,目前设备运行基本稳定.由于合宁线是我国首条客运专线,其设备构成代表未来我国客运专线的方向.所以有必要对该线采用的列控设备CTCS-2级列控系统进行相关说明.     

关于铁山支线多条专用线接轨后联锁设备方案的选择

铁山支线位于淄博市临淄区金岭镇西部,从胶济线金岭镇站接轨至铁山站,区间线路全长约6.5 km。在该支线周围有大量的厂矿企业,先后有7家企业修专用线。由于多家专用线接轨,     

交通仿真技术在交通事故研究中的应用

交通事故研究对于个人和整个社会都具有重要意义。简述了交通问题的研究方法,并以仿真软件TSIS中的FRESIM模型,分析研究高速公路中的事故黑点对交通特性及环境的影响。另外,通过采用不同的管理措施,进行事故间接经济损失分析。