Modeling traffic operation at signalized intersections without explicit left‐turn yielding rules with an enhanced cell transmission model

This paper presents an enhanced cell transmission model (CTM) to capture traffic operation at signalized intersections without explicit permissive left‐turn yielding rules (i.e. aggressive permissive left‐turn maneuvers may not necessarily yield to opposing through traffic), which can be widely observed in many developing countries. Different from previous studies that focus on traffic dynamics on approaching links, this study contributes to modeling traffic operations within the intersection. A novel cell transmission framework with various types of virtual cells is proposed to model the dynamics of traffic movements from approach to exit. The unique phenomenon of competitive occupying of the conflict point between the left turn and opposing through movements is modeled. The cell state indicating its blockage is proposed to capture the dynamic queue formulation and dissipation and to evaluate the operational traffic performance at the intersection. Field validation results show that the proposed model can capture the operation of traffic at signalized intersections without explicit permissive left‐turn yielding rules with significantly higher level of accuracy than traditional traffic flow models. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A G/G(n)/C/C state‐dependent simulation model for metro station corridor width design

Metro station corridor and passengers are described as a G/G(n)/C/C state‐dependent queuing system with a general random arrival interval G and a general random and state‐dependent service time G(n) to offset the shortcomings in existing design methods. The corresponding G/G(n)/C/C state‐dependent discrete event simulation model is developed, and its high‐fidelity is tested. Then the optimization algorithm based on the simulation model is designed to determine corridor width. The proposed simulation optimization method and the existing analytical optimization methods, based on M/G(n)/C/C and D/D/1/C queuing models, are applied to design corridor width in a numerical example of 48 combinations of passenger flow rates and level of service (LOS). The designed corridor widths are tested in a micro‐simulation model, and the performance measure is compared. The result shows that the corridor widths obtained by the new method are 0.357 m (7.4%) larger than that of the other two methods on average; the area per passenger of the new method increases 10.53% and 11.63%, respectively, compared with that of the other two methods; the widths designed by the new method satisfy the requirement of LOS under various passenger flows, whereas 93% of the corridor widths obtained by the other two methods fail to meet the requirement of LOS, and the corridor widths designed by the new method have high elasticity coefficients of LOS‐width. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Motion response prediction by hybrid panel-stick models for a semi-submersible with bracings

A diffraction-radiation analysis is usually required when the hydrodynamic interactions between structural members occur in short waves. For bracings or small cylindrical members, which play important roles in the vicinity of the natural frequency of a floating platform, special care should be taken into account for the effect of viscous damping. Two hybrid panel-stick models are, therefore, developed, through the combination of the standard diffraction-radiation method and the Morison’s formulae, considering the effect of small members differently. The fluid velocity is obtained directly by the panel model. The viscous fluid force is calculated for individual members by the stick model. A semi-submersible type platform with a number of fine cylindrical structures, which is designed as a floating foundation for multiple wind turbines, is analyzed as a numerical example. The results show that viscous force has significant influence on the hydrodynamic behavior of the floating body and can successfully be considered by the proposed hybrid models.     

母线保护在船舶电力系统中的应用

本文认为在船舶中压交流系统中可采用母线差动保护作为应对汇流母排故障的主保护,提出了一种基于微机保护装置实现的适合复杂中压船舶电力系统使用的母线保护体系,该方案可兼顾保护选择性、速动性、可靠性。首先分析了母线差动保护原理、动作特性、保护接线方式,其次重点分析了母线保护的死区及其应对方法。最后针对船舶电力系统特殊环境讨论了增加母线保护可靠性的措施。本文分析结果可作为中压船舶电力系统保护设计的参考。     

考虑温度效应的磁流变阻尼器的Bouc-Wen模型

由于能量耗散生热、环境温度以及通电线圈产生的热能会使磁流变阻尼器在很大的温度范围内工作,温度对磁流变阻尼器输出阻尼力有很大影响,因此有必要实验研究温度对磁流变阻尼器输出特性的影响和建立能在较大温度范围预测磁流变阻尼器阻尼力的数学模型。本文从Bouc-Wen模型出发,通过温度实验数据,建立了能在较大电流范围和温度范围内使用的数学模型,并用1stOpt软件的通用全局优化算法识别模型参数,验证表明该模型能很好地体现磁流变阻尼器不同温度时的阻尼特性。     

面向售后的汽车设计开发方法

为提高汽车产品的质量,文章描述了售后工程在设计开发阶段的概念和方法,引入了"良好的售后源于开发"的理念,并介绍了如何将这些方法应用到汽车开发流程中。售后工程的方法和流程增加了汽车自主开发的一个环节。     

汽车悬架球铰总成二维动态试验台开发

汽车悬架及转向球铰总成的可靠性直接影响汽车行驶的操控性、乘坐舒适性及安全性,其承受的载荷是由多方向脉动拉压和旋转等共同作用产生的复合作用载荷,因此,试验台的设计是近似模拟球铰的实际栽荷工况进行的二维动态试验,以使试验效果能更真实地反映球铰的使用可靠性.结果表明,研制的二维动态试验台能够达到设计要求,满足整车操控性能、乘座舒适性及行驶安全性,在产品的设计和质量保证上得到了验证.     

基于特征正交分解的桥梁风场模拟

推导出了随机过程特征正交分解计算公式.为提高原型谱表示法的计算速度,将特征正交分解的强形式,即基于功率谱矩阵的随机过程特征正交分解(SPT)引入到谱表示法中,代替原有的对功率谱矩阵的Cho lesky分解,并给出了实用的模拟公式.该算法可用FFT加速.结合模态截断技术,POD的引进可节省谱表示法模拟的计算量.通过算例,定义了风的吹动模态,说明了风场SPT的明确的物理意义,同时模拟方法的有效性亦得到验证.     

线程安全队列技术在交流电机调速系统中的应用

介绍了数据保护的概念和原理,根据交流电机调速系统的要求,使用线程安全队列技术对电机的数据进行保护,以期能正确反映电机的运行情况.通过实验,对使用线程安全队列技术的效果进行了验证.     

基于水动力系数敏感性指数的水下航行器运动方程简化研究

针对水下航行器操纵运动方程,引入水动力系数敏感性指数的概念.选取了2种典型运动形式进行仿真计算,对某水下航行器水动力敏感性指数进行了合理分级,并以此为根据对水下航行器操纵运动方程进行了简化.对比结果表明,采用仿真计算的方法研究水动力系数与水下航行器操纵性的关系及运用敏感性指数评估水动力系数对操纵性的影响不失为一条可行的途径.