广西南梧公路苍梧县林水段通行能力研究

文章对南梧公路苍梧县林水段通行能力和服务水平进行了研究和比较,介绍了通行能力计算公式和参数选取过程,论证了该路段的通行能力可以满足2020年前的交通需求,并提出了提高现有公路通行能力的方法和建议。     

NFM盾构机带压开舱换刀技术

文章以深圳地铁2号线东延线2222标段工程中采用的带压开舱换刀试行方法为依托,针对NFM土压平衡盾构机的设备情况,总结出了相关的技术方案,主要包括开舱前的准备工作和带压开舱换刀作业的整个实施流程及相关技术要点。     

寒区公路隧道温度场及保温层的研究

随着寒区公路隧道的不断增多,寒区隧道的保温问题也受到广泛重视。为了分析计算此类隧道施工过程中的温度场,验证寒区隧道保温设计的必要性,确定保温设计的经济性和有效性,文章以某市西山隧道为背景,结合东北冻土的热力性质特点,利用大型有限元计算程序Ansys,对寒区隧道进行了模拟分析,并且将计算的理论数据与实际测定的数据进行对比,分析隧道开挖后围岩温度场的分布、初期支护以及二次衬砌的温度变化过程,对隧道保温效果进行评定。数据对比表明,将保温层设置在二次衬砌外侧是比较合理的,但在东北寒区,对于断面半径达7m的大断面隧道,仅使用40 mm厚的PU硬质聚氨酯泡沫板作为保温材料是不合理的。为使设计经济合理,保温材料在径向上可以采用不同的厚度。     

养护施工总承包模式下业主与承包商的博弈分析

文章以博弈论为理论基础,分析了养护施工总承包模式下业主与总承包商的博弈关系,提出了引导双方采用合理的策略以获得最大利益及保证工程产品达到较高质量水平的博弈对策,为养护施工总承包工程的管理和施工提供方法借鉴。     

隧道内爆炸作用衬砌结构的动力响应和损伤机理研究

隧道内爆炸作用可能导致其衬砌结构的破坏和坍塌,造成车辆通行受阻和生命财产损失。为了研究隧道衬砌结构的抗爆性能,应用AUTODYN软件建立了隧道衬砌-岩石-土壤的三维数值模型,并考虑炸药-空气-结构的流固耦合相互作用,以及隧道内爆炸作用对衬砌结构的动力响应和损伤机理进行了数值模拟分析。结果表明:在不同炸药量作用下,超压峰值及冲量以爆心地面投影点为中心,向四周迅速衰减,表现出一定的规律性;离爆心最近的底板首先出现损伤,并向四周扩展,直墙角部由于受到底板竖向变形而引起的拉应力作用,较早地出现损伤,在直墙壁和拱顶产生纵向和环向的裂缝,这些裂缝把整体式隧道衬砌结构分割成大小不等的混凝土块体。     

基于统计过程控制理论的张力腿平台有效上浪波高分析

文章以统计过程控制理论(Statistical Process Control,SPC)为基础提出了一种张力腿平台甲板有效上浪高度计算模型,针对海浪波高是随机过程这一不确定因素导致的上浪波高没有确定解的情况,分析计算了波浪谱下的张力腿平台相对运动和有效上浪波高,计算得到了有效上浪波高控制中心均值、下管制限值、上管制限值和相应发生概率。由相同波浪参数下不同波浪谱计算得到的有效上浪波高控制中心均值相同这一结论,发现波浪能量在不同谱之间的分布是相同的,说明波浪能量在时间维度、空间维度和频率维度的分布是一致的。在求解有效上浪波高控制中心均值时,提出了能更好刻画波高在波浪参数下的分布形式的面积均值法,并由此方法计算控制中心均值和上管制限值。以一型张力腿平台为例,针对波浪谱中超过某一发生概率的情况,运用统计过程控制理论和SPC控制图,计算了有效上浪波高控制中心均值、下管制限值和上管制限值,判断随机有效上浪波高是否处于统计控制状态,发现了波浪谱中的发生概率越大,随机有效上浪波高越可控这一规律。比较不同波浪入射角的有效上浪波高控制中心均值,发现了不同波浪入射角对有效上浪波高影响不大、发生概率对有效上浪波高影响较大的规律。最后基于统计过程控制理论计算得到整个有效上浪波高均值、发生概率、下管制限值和上管制限值。提出了在有效上浪波高均值和上管制限值之间结构物会受到交变载荷的作用容易疲劳损伤和腐蚀损伤的建议。结果表明该方法可以对张力腿平台有效上浪波高进行计算,并可推广应用于其它海上结构物的有效上浪波高计算。     

Numerical Simulation of Float-Over Installation for Offshore Platform

In this paper, a numerical investigation of a float-over installation for an offshore platform is presented to verify the feasibility of the actual installation. The hydrodynamic performance of a T-barge is investigated in the frequency domain, and the coupled motions are analyzed in the time domain. We then compare with those of the model test and determine that the response amplitude operator and the time series agree quite well. The barge exhibits favorable hydrodynamic behavior in the considered sea state, and the equipment loads are allowable. The mooring system and sway fender forces are within the permissible range. Based on these results, we can verify that the actual installation of the offshore platform is feasible. We accurately simulated many important factors and effectively reduced the risk associated with the offshore installation, which is of great importance. As such, we demonstrate that the numerical simulation of the float-over installation for offshore platforms has practical engineering significance.     

Analysis on the Effects of Overloading on the Mechanical Properties of Tunnel Structures in the Silty Ground --A Case Study of Sutong River-crossing GIL Utility Tunnel北大核心CSCD

Based on the Sutong GIL utility tunnel project, which is constructed by the shield machine under the river, and as for the overloading problem at the river bank slope during operating period, the refined threedimensional finite element model was established to study the deformation and cracking characteristics of the tunnel segment structure under different forms of overloading. The evolution laws of section convergence, joint opening and structural stress were analyzed, and the structure damage mechanisms were revealed under conditions of large area loading and local loading. The surface-surcharge control standard was proposed. For the big diameter shield tunneling crossing the silty clay, the research results show that: (1) the deformation failure process is divided into three stages under large area loading condition, taking the design load and compressive yield of rebars inside haunch as the critical points respectively. The first stage is characterized by the elastic stress, the second stage is in plastic state with fracture, and the third stage is accelerating deformation and instability stage. The vertical convergence is 110.5 mm with no opening of joints when rebars are yielded; (2)the deformation failure process under local loading condition is also divided into elasticity, plasticity and instability stages, taking the design load and tensile yield of rebars outside haunch as the critical points respectively. The vertical convergence is 152.6 mm with joint opening of 4.36 mm; (3) the early-warning values of additional stress on the ground under conditions of large area loading and local loading are 110 kPa and 70 kPa respectively. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

自动化散货码头装卸作业存在的问题与对策

针对目前国内已投入运营的自动化散货码头在装卸机械设备配置、功能区域划分、安全管理等方面存在的问题进行分析。提出针对性的解决对策,以进一步提高自动化散货码头的装卸作业效率并确保作业安全。对自动化散货码头的技术发展进行展望,供自动化散货码头建设或升级改造时参考和借鉴。     

混凝土联锁块机械化生产及蒸汽养护技术

针对混凝土联锁块现有预制工艺机械化程度低,施工质量受人为和天气影响较大而无法满足大规模生产需求的问题,进行混凝土联锁块机械化生产及蒸汽养护关键技术研究,通过对各生产环节进行机械化改进和采用蒸汽养护技术,并使各工序高效合理衔接,研制出一整套混凝土联锁块机械化生产工艺。新型生产工艺相对于传统工艺,不仅大幅提高了施工质量及生产效率,同时节省了人工成本,而且由于整个生产过程均可在厂房内完成,节省场地且不受恶劣天气影响,降低成本并缩短工期,能够适应施工中混凝土联锁块大规模生产的需求。