微观过程中的共振振动激发

提出微观过程中共振振动激发的概念，结合无阈能反应的理论，对反应（１）和（２）的理论计算结果作了进一步的解释和说明。     

DGPS自主车辆定位及多功能处理软件研制

本文论述了车载GPS自动车辆定位（AVL）的有关研究与试验，着重分析了车辆定位的方法与定位的准确度问题，并利用作者自行开发的处理软件进行处理，证明了基于DGPS的AVL的可行性，取得了满意的结果。     

基于电机动力吸振的高速列车蛇行运动控制

复兴号CR400BF高速动车组动力转向架的牵引电机采用特有的四点弹性架悬方式, 在电机和构架之间安装有横向液压减振器和横向止挡, 首次采用牵引电机作为动力吸振器来控制转向架蛇行运动稳定性和蛇行频率, 从而避免引起车体弹性模态共振; 考虑悬挂参数和轮轨接触非线性, 建立了复兴号动车组非线性多刚体动力学仿真模型, 通过悬挂模态计算和动力学时域仿真, 分析了关键参数对动车蛇行运动的影响规律; 基于将电机作为动力吸振器的原理, 优化了电机节点横向刚度和横向减振器阻尼; 考虑动车组运营中的轮轨匹配随机因素, 组合400种轮轨随机匹配状态, 仿真分析了动车的动力学性能; 开展动车组长期线路动力学跟踪试验, 研究了动力转向架蛇行运动演变规律。仿真与试验结果表明: 牵引电机弹性架悬下的构架横向加速度频谱图从以蛇行频率为主频的单峰值变化为主频在蛇行频率两侧的双峰值, 说明电机起到了动力吸振器的作用; 将电机作为动力吸振器能够提高动车蛇行运动稳定性, 具有不同等效锥度的典型轮轨匹配下非线性临界速度超过500 km·h^-1; 动车蛇行运动最高频率被控制在6 Hz附近, 远离车体中部菱形弹性模态频率8.5 Hz, 避免了转向架蛇行运动激起车体弹性共振; 动车组在轨道随机不平顺激扰下, 构架端部横向加速度小于0.5g, 平稳性指标小于2.5, 轮轴横向力和脱轨系数等运行安全性指标满足要求。     

基于导航网格的室内火灾逃生路径动态规划

为了解决现有虚拟现实(virtual reality,VR)场景中室内火灾逃生路径规划静态、低效的问题,基于VR场景中的导航网格,提出了室内火灾真实感表达方法,构建了室内火灾VR场景;其次根据VR场景创建了初始导航网格,设计了导航网格动态生成算法,建立了室内火灾逃生路径动态规划方法;最后构建了原型系统,并选择某产业园展厅作为案例开展了实验分析.实验结果表明:融合静态地理场景与动态火灾场景,能构建室内火灾VR场景;导航网格每次更新时间在10 ms内,逃生路径规划的每次更新时间平均为50 ms左右,可支持室内火灾逃生路径的动态规划.     

基于单调关联系统的驾驶行为可靠度计算方法

为合理评估驾驶员驾驶行为的可靠性, 提出了驾驶行为可靠度计算方法, 将人机系统可靠性理论与驾驶行为链相结合, 构建了基于感知、判断、操作元件及模块组的驾驶行为可靠性框图, 确定了单项器官元件可靠度测试与计算方法, 运用单调关联系统理论给出了功能模块可靠度及驾驶行为系统可靠度的量化模型, 计算了模型中各生理、心理元件概率重要度, 分析了其对驾驶行为的影响度。计算结果表明: 事故组与非事故组间行为可靠性存在明显差异, 非事故组的可靠性整体大于事故组, 但整体可靠性呈下降趋势, 事故组驾驶员整体操作稳定性较差; 生理因素对驾驶行为可靠度影响度前期较大后期较小, 而心理因素则相反。     

浅谈水中墩桩的施工

本文结合钻孔灌注桩施工实践,根据水中墩桩的施工特点与要求,从泥浆布局,清渣排浆,泥浆固化处理,成孔,钢筋笼,灌注水下混凝土等方面作了较全面的阐述。     

Wind pressure distribution and wind-induced dynamic response for spatial groined latticed vaults

The wind pressure distribution and wind-induced vibration responses of long-span spatial groined latticed vaults (SGLVs) were numerically simulated, which always are ones of the most important problems in the structural wind resistance design. Incompressible visco-fluid model was introduced, and the standard k-εtwo equation model and semi-implicit method for pressure linked equation (SIMPLE) were used to describe the flow turbulence. Furthermore, the structural dynamic equation was set up, which is solved by Newmark-β method. And several sort of wind-induced vibration coefficients such as the wind-induced vibration coefficient corresponding to the nodal displacement responses and wind loads were suggested. In the numerical simulation where the SGLV consisting of the cylindrical sectors with different curved surface was chosen as the example,the influence on the relative wind pressure distribution and structural wind-induced vibration responses of the closed or open SGLV caused by such parameters as the number of cylindrical sectors, structural curvature and the ratio of rise to span was investigated. Finally, some useful conclusions on the local wind pressure distribution on the structural surface and the wind-induced vibration coefficients of SGLV were developed.     

A data model applied to the knowledge-based ICAS

Image-guided computer aided surgery system (ICAS) contributes to safeness and success of surgery operations by means of displaying anatomical structures and showing correlative information to surgeons in the process of operation. Based on analysis of requirements for ICAS, a new concept of clinical knowledge-based ICAS was proposed. Designing a reasonable data structure model is essential for realizing this new concept. The traditional data structure is limited in expressing and reusing the clinical knowledge such as locating an anatomical object, topological relations of anatomical objects and correlative clinical attributes. A data structure model called mixed adjacency lists by octree-path-chain (MALOC) was outlined, which can combine patient's images with clinical knowledge, as well as efficiently locate the instrument and search the objects' information. The efficiency of data structures was analyzed and experimental results were given in comparison to other traditional data structures. The result of the nasal surgery experiment proves that MALOC is a proper model for clinical knowledge-based ICAS that has advantages in not only locating the operative instrument precisely but also proving surgeons with real-time operation-correlative information. It is shown that the clinical knowledge-based ICAS with MALOC model has advantages in terms of safety and success of surgical operations, and help in accurately locating the operative instrument and providing operation-correlative knowledge and information to surgeons in the process of operations.     

新加坡城市规划体系与特点

针对建国初期市区中心交通过度拥挤、住房、就业等方面的问题及挑战,新加坡逐渐形成了一套系统、全面的规划体系。这一体系包括战略性规划、总体规划、协调各机构间土地利用、实施政府土地售卖计划和日常的发展项目管制与审批等。从多个角度分析新加坡城市规划的特点,如可持续交通策略、城市发展形态、住房、经济发展、绿化、保护文化遗产等。     

发动机缸套穴蚀机理分析及预防措施

论述了发动机缸套穴蚀产生的主要原因及具体过程,对缸套穴蚀的机理进行了力学分析,并从发动机缸套、活塞结构的合理设计、修理与装配间隙,以及冷却系的设计和冷却水的正确合理使用等方面提出了预防穴蚀产生的具体措施。