用有限元强度折减法分析路堤滑坡

依据已出现的高填方路堤滑坡典型迹象的尺寸和位置,由经验选取了内摩擦角和粘聚力初值;利用有限元强度折减法反推滑坡体的滑动面及内摩擦角和粘聚力。其结果与勘察报告基本一致,为在特定工程背景下获取土性参数值提供了一种思路。     

钻孔灌注桩摩阻力的探讨

应用混合桩理论解释了钻孔灌注桩的极限摩阻力试验值与勘察值之间的差值,总结了极限荷载作用下桩的临界破坏面在桩周土中的分布规律,分析了孔隙比是影响钻孔灌注桩表面粗糙度的重要因素。     

混凝土拱涵的优化设计

针对常规混凝土拱涵材料用量大的问题,介绍了新颖的拱涵结构形式,应用遗传算法对拱涵的轴线进行了优化设计,得到受力合理的拱轴线坐标,拱圈各截面弯矩均比较小,使涵洞结构简单,施工方便,达到节省材料、加快施工速度、降低工程造价的目的.     

基于ACCESS的斜拉桥病害数据库系统开发

针对目前高速公路桥梁管理系统无法对悬索桥、斜拉桥的上部、下部结构的重点部位提供病害管理的情况,依据斜拉桥桥梁养护检测中的病害特点及类型,利用ACCESS工具开发出斜拉桥病害数据库,提供病害录入、查询、统计、分析等功能,解决了斜拉桥重点部位病害动态管理的问题.     

大直径泥水盾构施工引起的地表沉降分析和对策

鉴于武汉长江隧道工程复杂边界条件,为了确保盾构施工安全,保护周边建筑物,因此在施工过程中,必须根据隧道覆土厚度、地质条件、周边环境条件,合理设置与控制泥水压力,确定合适的同步注浆量等,以控制非正常的地层损失、避免灾害性地层损失、控制地表沉降、避免开挖面坍塌。本文结合武汉长江隧道盾构施工经验,对大直径泥水盾构推进中对周边环境的影响因素进行分析,并就地表沉降控制和预防灾害事故及事故处理的一些体会进行总结。     

A bintree energy approach for colour image segmentation using adaptive channel selection

A new hierarchical approach called bintree energy segmentation was presented for color image segmentation. The image features are extracted by adaptive clustering on multi-channel data at each level and used as the criteria to dynamically select the best chromatic channel, where the segmentation is carried out. In this approach, an extended direct energy computation method based on the Chan-Vese model was proposed to segment the selected channel, and the segmentation outputs are then fused with other channels into new images, from which a new channel with better features is selected for the second round segmentation. This procedure is repeated until the preset condition is met. Finally, a binary segmentation tree is formed, in which each leaf represents a class of objects with a distinctive color. To facilitate the data organization, image background is employed in segmentation and channels fusion. The bintree energy segmentation exploits color information involved in all channels data and tries to optimize the global segmentation result by choosing the ＂best＂ channel for segmentation at each level. The experiments show that the method is effective in speed, accuracy and flexibility.     

Multi-try counter-meshing gears discrimination device based on MEMS technology

A multi-try counter-meshing gears (CMG) discrimination device based on micro electromechani-cal system (MEMS) technology was designed for some specified information fields. The discrimination deviceconsists of two groups of metal CMG, two pawl/ratchet mechanisms, two driving micromotors and two re-setting micromotors, which make the CMG withdraw by raising the pawls. The energy-coupling element isa photoelectric sensor with a circular plate which is notched. Micromotor is fabricated using the ultravioletLiGA (UV-LiGA) fabrication process and precision mechanical engineering. The discrimination device has thefunction which can automatically reset, with the correct resetting code, it can be tried another times.     

基于ANSYS的高墩稳定性分析研究

结合工程实例并运用ANSYS对高墩从施工阶段到运营阶段的稳定性进行全过程分析。结果表明,利用ANSYS对高墩的稳定性进行分析研究是可行的,也为工程实际中的高墩施工和稳定性分析提供了一定的参考价值。     

轮轨冲击对构架疲劳的影响

以三轴机车转向架构架为例,建立其轮轨冲击的运动微分方程,通过龙格-库塔积分法得到了轮轨冲击的载荷时间历程,分析了轮轨动态冲击对构架疲劳寿命的影响。利用有限单元法建立了轮对、构架、车体的整体有限元模型,采用瞬态动力学分析得到构架危险点的应力时间历程,结合材料的S-N曲线以及疲劳损伤累积准则,进行了构架的疲劳寿命计算,得到轮轨低接头冲击下构架疲劳寿命。分析结果表明:构架的应力响应并不与轮轨处的激励同时达到最大,且在激励结束后有一较长的响应过程;轮轨冲击对构架的疲劳影响较大,尤其对轴箱弹簧座处的侧梁下盖板的寿命影响最为显著,在25·0m轨长的错牙接头作用下,其疲劳寿命为5·15×106km。     

高速列车司机室内气动噪声预测

为了降低司机室内的噪声,采用大涡模拟法计算了高速列车车头曲面的脉动压力,将脉动压力作为头车司机室有限元分析的激励载荷,通过谐响应分析求得司机室壁板的振动速度,将振动速度作为司机室声场边界元模型的激励条件,求出了司机室内的气动噪声在不同频率点的声压分布。计算结果表明:司机室内的声压级在52·3~58·8dB(A)之间变化,声压级较大点位于司机室前窗玻璃向车顶过渡处及纵向中截面型线附近,且在50~315Hz之间,声压幅值较大;司机室内的气动噪声主要是低频噪声,对纵向中截面型线采取更平滑的过渡形式,可降低司机室内的气动噪声。